A5038235985- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus
2020
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1990-2016
National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention
2005-2016
Fukushima Medical University
2000
University of Aberdeen
2000
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
1989-1992
United States Department of Health and Human Services
1989-1990
National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities
1989
Emory University
1988
Although the excess risk for birth defects among children of mothers with diabetes mellitus is well documented, there are few data concerning specific malformations. In Atlanta Birth Defects Case-Control Study, those risks malformations were evaluated. The population-based study included 4929 live and stillborn babies major ascertained by Metropolitan Congenital Program in first year life born to residents between 1968 1980. also 3029 nonmalformed who frequency-matched case race, period...
We present a mathematical transmission model of tuberculosis in the USA. The is calibrated to recent trends declining incidence US-born and foreign-born populations used assessing relative impacts treatment latently infected individuals on elimination time, where defined as annual <1 case/million. Provided current control efforts are maintained, population can be achieved before end this century. However, unlikely timeframe even with higher rates targeted testing residents immigrants USA...
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In the United States, infant mortality risks among Hispanics have not been previously evaluated at national level. We used 1983 and 1984 Linked Birth Infant Death data sets to compare single-delivery infants of Hispanic descent with those non-Hispanic whites (the reference group). also included linked birth cohort for in Puerto Rico. Among all groups, neonatal (<28 days) risk was higher Rican islanders (relative [RR] = 2.3) continental Ricans (RR 1.5) lower Cuban-Americans 1.0)...
The concepts of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value can be used to assess patterns birth defects associated with human teratogens. Although sensitivity any single defect is generally low for many known teratogens, the presence specific combinations usually teratogen. To evaluate diabetic embryopathy, a sensitivity-specificity analysis was performed on 4929 infants major ascertained by population-based Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program between 1968 1980. By reviewing...
We investigated the relationship between maternal thyroid disease and risk of birth defects in offspring using data from a large population-based, case-control study. Cases included 4904 stillborn liveborn infants with major anomalies diagnosed first year life born to residents metropolitan Atlanta 1968 1980. Controls 3027 normal babies, frequency-matched cases by race, hospital quarter birth. compared mothers controls regarding history physician-diagnosed hypothyroidism hyperthyroidism...
Following a concerted public health response to the resurgence of tuberculosis (TB) in United States late 1980s, annual TB incidence decreased substantially. However, no estimates exist number and cost savings cases averted.
Since 1953, through the cooperation of state and local health departments, U.S. Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC) has collected information on incident cases tuberculosis (TB) disease in United States. In 2009, TB case rates declined -11.4%, compared to an average annual -3.8% decline since 2000. The unexpectedly large raised concerns that may have gone unreported. To address unexpected decline, we examined trends from multiple sources treatment initiation, medication sales,...
In the 1950s, Puerto Rico began an active industrialization program. We used data from 1982 Fertility and Family Planning Assessment to describe trend in incidence of breastfeeding over time ascertain some its determinants. From 1946 through 1982, 5,884 infants were born among this statistically representative sample reproductive-aged women. The proportion who had ever been breastfed was 59 percent for births before 1960 (mean duration = 7.8 months), dropped 25 1970 1974 4.9), rose 38...
In 1982, a representative sample of 3,175 women ages 15 to 49 years living in Puerto Rico were interviewed and complete reproductive histories obtained. Births mothers who started smoking regularly at some time before delivery still the interview (the exposure definition) compared with unexposed births. Our analysis 4,444 single, live births delivered public private hospitals from 1946 through 1982 demonstrates that aged 20 older delivering 2.5 times more likely weigh less than 2,500 grams...
On March 15, 2020 Puerto Rico implemented non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), including a mandatory curfew, as part of state emergency declaration to prevent the community transmission SARS-CoV-2 virus. The strict enforcement this curfew was extended through May 25, with gradual relaxation beginning on 1. This report summarizes an assessment these early mitigation measures progression COVID-19 pandemic in island. From 15 2020, 70,656 results molecular (RT-PCR) tests were reported...
The purpose of this study was to quantify the relative contributions maternal age, education, marital status, hospital birth, and use prenatal care high incidence low birthweight infant mortality in Puerto Rico.An analysis conducted 257,537 live births that occurred from 1986 through 1989 among Rico residents 3373 corresponding deaths. Binomial multiple regression models were used calculate adjusted population attributable risks for each variable.Our estimates indicate approximately 6 every...
This study was conducted to determine whether improvements in tuberculosis (TB) program activities correlate with incident TB cases.National surveillance data and from patients pulmonary laryngeal their contacts were collected. These analyzed using regression models assess the association between changes cases indicators of performance (a time series percent indices).A total 1,361,113 exposed 150,668 identified through contact investigations. From 1987 1992 (the period resurgence antedating...
Morbidity estimates of conditions originating in the perinatal period have not been reported United States. Conditions were identified according to International Classification Diseases. The National Hospital Discharge Survey provided a weighted, nationally representative sample newborns discharged each year from short-stay, nonfederal hospitals. From 1986 through 1987, 33.7% all had at least one nonteratologic condition. However, 6.8% physiologic jaundice as their only discharge diagnosis....
Although annual data are commonly used to model linear trends and changes in of disease incidence, monthly could provide additional resolution for statistical inferences. Because may exhibit seasonal patterns, we need consider seasonally adjusted models, which can be theoretically complex computationally intensive. We propose a combination methods reduce the complexity modeling estimates change trend when timing magnitude unknown. To assess potential trend, first autoregressive integrated...
ABSTRACT Background On March 15, 2020 Puerto Rico implemented non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), including a mandatory curfew, as part of state emergency declaration to mitigate the community transmission SARS-CoV-2 virus. The strict enforcement this curfew was extended through May 25, with gradual relaxation beginning on 1. This report summarizes an assessment these early mitigation measures progression COVID-19 in island. Methods and Findings From 15 2020, 41,748 results molecular...
In public health and medical research, ratio measures of percent change relative to baseline are often used express a in disease incidence. Estimating variance becomes more complex when the comparison is an expectation based on previous data ( E ), rather than observed value O ). 2009, decline reported tuberculosis (TB) cases was largest single‐year decrease since national TB surveillance began 1953. To investigate 2009 compared with expected counts, we analyzed Center for Disease Control...