A5009068724- Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Animal health and immunology
- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Helminth infection and control
- Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
1980-2023
Brunswick (United States)
2023
North Carolina State University
2011-2020
Duke University
2015-2018
Duke Medical Center
2015-2018
Duke University Hospital
2016-2017
Hospital for Sick Children
2017
Arkansas State University
2015
North Central State College
2003-2008
United States Department of Agriculture
1998-2003
<h3>Importance</h3> The evidence for benefit of convalescent plasma critically ill patients with COVID-19 is inconclusive. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether would improve outcomes adults COVID-19. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> ongoing Randomized, Embedded, Multifactorial, Adaptive Platform Trial Community-Acquired Pneumonia (REMAP-CAP) enrolled randomized 4763 suspected or confirmed between March 9, 2020, January 18, 2021, within at least 1 domain; 2011 were to open-label...
In 2000, an outbreak of listeriosis among Hispanic persons was identified in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. The objectives the present study were to identify source of, strains associated with, and risk factors for Listeria monocytogenes infection patients affected by outbreak.Microbiological, case-control, environmental investigations conducted. Participants case-control case who became infected with L. between 1 October 2000 31 January 2001 control subjects matched on basis ethnicity, sex,...
Eight bull calves (four Holsteins and four Ayrshire with mean birth weight of 38.8 kg) were ruminally cannulated at 3 d age allocated to one two weaning programs. All fed colostrum for after milk until weaning. Calves in the conventional-weaning program a starter diet from weaned 6 wk age. In early-weaning program, highly palatable pre-starter they consumed 227 g/d, then mixture (227 g) ad libitum. this group 4 Ruminal samples collected 7 d, weekly thereafter through 8 10 12 assess microbial...
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron can utilize amylose, amylopectin, and pullulan as sole sources of carbon energy. The enzymes that degrade these polysaccharides were found to be primarily cell associated rather than extracellular. Although some activity was detected in extracellular fluid, this appeared the result lysis. cell-associated amylase, amylopectinase, pullulanase activities partitioned similarly periplasmic marker, acid phosphatase, when cells exposed a cold-shock treatment. Two other...
Mutagenesis of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron with the transposon Tn4351 produced five classes mutants that were not able to grow on amylose or amylopectin. These differed in their ability maltoheptaose (G7) and level starch-degrading enzymes when bacteria grown maltose. All deficient starch binding. Since one class retained normal levels enzymes, this indicates binding molecule by a cell surface receptor is necessary for utilization B. thetaiotaomicron. Analysis starch-negative mutant grew G7...
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a significant pathogen in both human and veterinary medicine. The importance of companion animals as reservoirs infections currently unknown. 49 MRSA-infected outpatients (cases) were screened for MRSA carriage, their bacterial isolates compared with those the infected patients using Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). Rates among to rates pet guardians attending "veterinary wellness clinic" (controls). was isolated from at least one...
SUMMARY The pharmacokinetics of flunixin were studied in 6 adult lactating cattle after administration single iv and im doses at 1.1 mg/kg body weight. A crossover design was used, with route first each cow determined randomly. Plasma milk concentrations total by use high-pressure liquid chromatography, using an assay a lower limit detection 50 ng flunixin/ml. best described 2-compartment, open model. After administration, mean plasma rapidly decreased from initial > 10 μg/ml to...
Abstract We evaluated the effects of chronic subclinical mastitis (CSM) caused by different types pathogens on milk yield and components at cow level. A total 388 Holstein cows had measured were sampled three times intervals two weeks for determination SCC composition, microbiological culture was performed. Cows considered healthy if all samples ≤200 000 cells/ml culture-negative third sampling. with one result > 200 to suffer non-chronic whereas least 2 out 3 results CSM. These latter...
SUMMARY The clinical effect of flunixin meglumine administration was determined in cows with acute mastitis induced by intramammary endotoxin. In 12 lactating cows, 10 μg Escherichia coli 026:B6 endotoxin were administered via a teat cannula into the cistern single randomly selected rear quarters. Cows challenge exposed as pairs. One cow each pair parenteral (6 cows) and 1 per saline solution cows). Multiple doses (7) 1.1 mg meglumine/kg body weight or at 8-hour intervals beginning 2 hours...
Abstract Objective —To determine whether particular antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of bovine mastitis-causing Staphylococcus aureus isolates were associated with specific S genotypes. Sample Population —357 recovered from milk samples submitted for diagnostic bacteriologic testing 24 dairy herds. Procedures —Antimicrobial was assessed by determining minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to 14 agents. After digestion genomic DNA Sma I, electrophoretic patterns obtained via...
This research study aimed to evaluate the use of milk leukocyte differential (MLD) to: (a) identify quarter milks that are culture-positive; and (b) characterize responses specific groups pathogens causing subclinical mastitis. The MLD measures absolute number relative percentage inflammatory cells in samples. Using two dairy herds (170 172 lactating cows, respectively), we studied all cows with a most recent monthly Dairy Herd Improvement Association somatic cell count (SCC) >200 × 10 3...
Ruminobacter amylophilus is an obligate anaerobe that uses only alpha-linked glucose molecules (i.e., maltose, maltodextrins, and starch) as a source of energy, making it excellent model for the study bacterial starch degradation. Constitutive amylase, amylopectinase, pullulanase activities were found in intracellular extracellular fractions R. amylophilus. However, apparently resulted from cell lysis. Both soluble membrane-bound polysaccharidase detected. Most activity partitioned with...
Prevotella ruminicola (formerly Bacteroides ruminicola) is an anaerobic, gram-negative, polysaccharide-degrading bacterium which found in the rumina of cattle. Since P. thought to make important contribution digestion plant material rumina, ability alter this strain genetically might help improve efficiency rumen fermentation. However, previously there has been no way introduce foreign DNA into strains. In study we transferred a shuttle vector, pRDB5, from colonic species uniformis B(1)4....
SUMMARY The daily progression of the 2006 (January–June) Nigerian avian influenza (AI H5N1) epidemic was assessed in relation to both spatial variables and generation interval invading virus. Proximity highway network appeared promote dispersal: from first AI onwards >20% all cases were located at <5 km nearest major road. Fifty-seven per cent ⩽31 three intersections. Findings suggest that features emerging infections could be key their control. When location a transmission factor is...
Improved characterization of infectious disease dynamics is required. To that end, three-dimensional (3D) data analysis feedback-like processes may be considered.To detect patterns, a systems biology (SB) and evolutionary (EB) approach was evaluated, which utilizes leukocyte structures designed to diminish variability enhance discrimination. Using collected from one avian two mammalian (human bovine) species infected with viral, parasite, or bacterial agents (both sensitive resistant...