Cell lysis is the starting step of many biomedical assays. Electric field-based cell widely used in applications, including point-of-care (POC) because it provides an easy one-step solution. Many electric methods utilize micro-electrodes to apply short pulses across cells. Unfortunately, these devices produce relatively low efficiency as fields do not reach a significant portion cells sample. Additionally, utility syringe pumps for flow and out microfluidics channel causes loss throughput...

Amino acid identification is crucial across various scientific disciplines, including biochemistry, pharmaceutical research, and medical diagnostics. However, traditional methods such as mass spectrometry require extensive sample preparation are time-consuming, complex costly. Therefore, this study presents a pioneering Machine Learning (ML) approach for automatic amino by utilizing the unique absorption profiles from an Elliptical Dichroism (ED) spectrometer. Advanced data preprocessing...

We report on a selective and nondestructive measurement of mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) expression levels within living cell. first modify an atomic force microscope tip to create tapered nanoscale coaxial cable. Application ac (alternating potential) between the inner outer electrodes this cable creates dielectrophoretic attracting molecules toward tip-end which is pretreated with gene specific primers. selectively extracted analyzed both high ( approximately 2500) extremely low (11 0)...

We present a plastic microfluidic device with integrated nanoscale magnetic traps (NSMTs) that separates from non-magnetic beads high purity and throughput, unprecedented enrichments. Numerical simulations indicate significantly higher localized field gradients than previously reported. demonstrated >20 000-fold enrichment for 0.001% bead mixtures. Since we achieve at all flow-rates tested, this is robust, rapid, portable, simple solution to sort target species small volumes amenable...

There is a growing interest for viral vector-free chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells due to its ability kill cancer cells without adverse side effects. A potential avenue manufacturing viral-vector free CAR utilize mRNA electroporation. One of the major concerns with electroporated shorter cytotoxic lifespan few days, which insufficient or not ideal therapy. To better understand this issue and develop solution, study focused on examining translation molecules, time dependent degradation...

We report on harmonic generation by budding yeast cells in response to a sinusoidal electric field, which is seen be minimal when the field amplitude less than threshold value. Surprisingly, sodium metavanadate, an inhibitor of $P$-type ATPases reportedly responsible for nonlinear yeast, reduces amplitude, increasing at low amplitudes while reducing it large amplitudes, whereas addition glucose dramatically increases production even harmonics. Finally, simple model proposed interpret...

The current gold standard for detecting or quantifying target analytes from blood samples is the ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). detection limit of about 250 pg/ml. However, to quantify that are related various stages tumors including early requires well below test. For example, Interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels oral cancer patients <100 pg/ml and prostate specific antigen level stage 1 ng/ml. Further, it has been reported there significantly less than 1pg/mL in tumors. Therefore,...

The detection and quantification of nucleic acid proteomic biomarkers in bodily fluids is a critical part many medical screening diagnoses. However, majority the current platforms are not ideal for routine, rapid, low-cost testing point-of-care settings. To address this issue, we developed concept disposable universal biosensor that can detect quantify diluted serum samples. central tenet sensing use dielectrophoresis, electrothermal effects, thermophoresis to selectively rapidly isolate...

We present an efficient and fast method for selective localized electroporation of a single living cell from population millions to tens cells using the modified tip atomic force microscope. Electroporation was observed in real time inverted This technique is proposed as tool controlled delivery biomolecules, proteins, drugs, genes.

Wastewaters generated from vegetable oil industries contain a high concentration of organic pollutants that are detrimental to the aquatic ecosystem. Electrochemical processes gaining importance in treatment inorganic and resistant wastewaters. In this study, electrocoagulation (EC) was applied remove grease canola wastewater using aluminum (Al) iron (Fe) electrodes. The application EC achieved more than 80% removal carbon nearly 100% suspended solids (SS). effectiveness is influenced mainly...

Insulator-based dielectrophoretic (iDEP) trapping, separating, and concentrating nanoscale objects is carried out using a nonmetal, unbiased, mobile tip acting as tweezers. The spatial control manipulation of fluorescently labeled polystyrene particles DNA were performed to demonstrate the feasibility iDEP Frequency-dependent tweezers' strength polarity quantitatively determined two theoretical approaches DNA, which resulted in factor 2–40 differences between them. In either approach, was at...

Reactions between metals and chloride solutions have been shown to exhibit magnetic field fluctuations over a wide range of size time scales. Power law behavior observed in these reactions is consistent with models said self-organized criticality. Voltage during the dissolution magnesium aluminum copper solution are qualitatively similar recorded signals. In this paper, distributions voltage peak sizes, noise spectra, return times compared for both studied.

Magnetic detection of the nonlinear response cell suspensions to oscillating electrical fields is reported. It has been shown that H+-ATPase, which located in plasma membrane yeast cells, generates harmonics fundamental frequency when electrically excited at certain frequencies and field strengths. Electrode polarization may cause erroneous results, especially using a conventional four-probe setup. In this letter we use highly sensitive superconducting quantum interference device...

We present an integrated dielectrophoretic (DEP) and surface plasmonic technique to quantify ∼1 pM of fluorescent molecules in low conductivity buffers. have established a DEP force on target bring those place them the nanometallic structures (hotspots) for quantification through effects. Our results show that is capable placing hotspots, which are depicted as significant reduction fluorescence lifetime molecules. To efficiently integrate effects, we designed utilized pearl-shaped...

We show that negative dielectrophoresis (DEP) spectroscopy is an effective transduction mechanism of a biosensor for the diagnosis and prognosis pancreatic cancer using biomarker CA 19-9. A substantial change in DEP force applied to functionalized polystyrene microspheres (PM) was observed with respect both concentration level 19-9 frequency electric field produced by pearl shaped interdigitated gold micro-electrode. The velocity repulsion set PM monoclonal antibody calculated several cutoff...

Pacemakers are safety-critical devices whose faulty behaviors can cause harm or even death. Often these caused due to bugs in programs used for digital control of pacemakers. We present a formal verification methodology that be check the correctness object code implement functions DDD mode Our is based on theory Well-Founded Equivalence Bisimulation (WEB) refinement, where both specifications and implementation treated as transition systems. develop simple general specification also proof...

We propose the use of negative dielectrophoresis (DEP) spectroscopy as a technique to improve detection limit rare analytes in biological samples. observe significant dependence DEP force on functionalized polystyrene beads at edges interdigitated electrodes with respect frequency electric field. measured this velocity repulsion for 0% and 0.8% conjugation avidin biotin our automated software through real-time image processing that monitors Rayleigh scattering from beads. A difference was...

Abstract Electrical impedance based biosensing is a label‐free technique that gaining momentum in biology/medicine. The electrical impedance, typically measured using an array of micro‐fabricated interdigitated electrode (IDE), byproduct the interaction between electric fields and target bio‐molecules/cells. In current biosensing, it has been focused on utilizing magnitude (|Z|) to detect/quantify bio‐molecules. There were no reports designing IDE electrodes, sensitivity analysis detailed...

We report on harmonic generation by budding yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ${10}^{8}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{cells}∕\mathrm{ml}$) in response to sinusoidal electric fields with amplitudes ranging from zero $5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{V}∕\mathrm{cm}$ the frequency range $10--300\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz}$. The cell-generated harmonics are found exhibit strong amplitude and dependence. Sodium metavanadate, an inhibitor of proton pump known as...

We show that negative dielectrophoresis (DEP) spectroscopy is an effective transduction mechanism of a biosensor for the detection single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in short DNA strand. observed frequency dependence DEP force applied by interdigitated electrodes to polystyrene microspheres (PM) with respect changes both last and second-to-last nucleotides single-strand bound PM. The drift velocity PM functionalized DNA, which proportional force, was measured at range from 0.5 MHz 2 MHz....

Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatment for specific cancers. CAR T-cells are manufactured ex vivo using derived from patients. Recent clinical trials reported very high level of efficacy as well complete remission rates (70%–93%) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) However, there have also been reports significant adverse effects resulting the contamination patients with existing cancer cells during manufacturing. The...

Complex dielectric behaviour was observed during the combustion synthesis of polycrystalline barium titanate in presence a 0.1?100?kHz ac electrical field. The conductivity (?) and relative permittivity attained their maximum values initial stage at ~850??C before temperature reached its (~1340??C) complete conversion reactants to product BaTiO3. duration 0.1?kHz were much shorter (~90?ms) than 100?kHz (~3?s). low frequency response is probably dominated by massive charge carriers (O2?, Ti4+...