A recent theory holds that a component of the human event-related brain potential called reward positivity reflects prediction error signal. We investigated this idea in gambling-like task which, on each trial, visual stimulus predicted subsequent rewarding or nonrewarding outcome with 80% probability. Consistent earlier results, we found was larger to unexpected than expected outcomes. In addition, predictive cues also elicited positivity, as proposed by theory. These results indicate...

To understand the role of affect in classroom discussion, authors asked 16 students taking a 3-hr seminar to participate semester-long grounded theory inquiry. Coding observations, stimulated recall interviews, and self-ratings from each class meeting resulted model as catalyst students' experience both moment by cumulatively across semester. Influenced personal contextual factors, four main actions--attending, listening, talking, tuning out--constituted with playing key role. The...

More than half of the world’s population lives in places endemic for soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), and an estimated 1.45 billion people are infected [1,2]. In 2017, global burden STH infection (Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Trichuris trichiura) was at 1.9 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) [3]. Moderate heavy intensity chronic associated with anemia, malnutrition, educational loss, cognitive deficits, but recent systematic reviews meta-analyses produced conflicting results...

Artificial intelligence has emerged as a technology that is profoundly reshaping society and enabling rapid improvements in science, engineering, mathematics, well information itself. This generated increased demand for fostering an AI-literate populace growing recognition of the importance promoting K-12 students’ awareness interest AI. Although efforts are be-ginning to incorporate AI learning within education, there little research exploring how introduce students support teachers...

Summary Objective To estimate the prevalence of chronic health and nutritional conditions schoolchildren in Ethiopia. Methods Cross‐sectional survey schools each region randomly selected proportion to size, then a random sample 50–68 children grades 3 4 school. Children were examined for signs micronutrient deficiencies infections; weighed measured; provided faecal diagnose intestinal parasitic interviewed about their recent diet hygiene practices. Results A total 7572 studied 142 all 11...

This study suggests an approach to obtain flood extent boundaries using spatial analysis based on Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper imageries and the digital elevation model. The suggested firstly extracts inundation areas ISODATA image-processing algorithm from four Landsat 5TM imageries. Then, ground elevations at intersections of extracted specified river cross sections are read estimate elevation-discharge relationship. Lastly, is generated estimated methodology was tested over two reaches in...

Low Salinity Oil Recovery–Increasing Understanding of the Underlying Mechanisms S. Y. Lee; Lee BPI Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar K. J. Webb; Webb BP I. R. Collins; Collins A.. Lager; Lager M. Clarke; Clarke M.. O'Sullivan; O'Sullivan A. F. Routh; Routh X.. Wang Paper presented at SPE Improved Recovery Symposium, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA, April 2010. Number: SPE-129722-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/129722-MS Published: 24 2010 Cite View Citation Add to Manager...

As circulating monocytes enter the site of disease, local microenvironment instructs their differentiation into tissue macrophages (MΦ). To identify mechanisms that regulate MΦ differentiation, we studied human leprosy as a model, since M1-type antimicrobial predominate in lesions self-limited form, whereas M2-type phagocytic are characteristic progressive form. Using heterotypic co-culture found unstimulated endothelial cells (EC) trigger to become M2 MΦ. However, biochemical screens...

The information and communication technology has become an indispensable part of modern education. paradigm shift in the educational environment makes instructors recollect traditional roles classroom education adjust their responsibilities to accommodate a transformed pedagogy learner expectations. This paper aims at instructor’s role on-line studies how instructor affects satisfaction via involvement. Modifying system success model, learning-environment qualities are rearranged into...

Modeling visitor engagement is a key challenge in informal learning environments, such as museums and science centers. Devising predictive models of that accurately forecast salient features behavior, dwell time, holds significant potential for enabling adaptive environments analytics In this paper, we introduce multimodal early prediction approach to modeling with interactive museum exhibits. We utilize sensor data including eye gaze, facial expression, posture, interaction log captured...

Countries around the globe have acknowledged pervasiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) in our lives and importance educating students on how AI technologies work. For example, Chinese education ministry has integrated into mandatory high school curriculum, including a pilot textbook to teach about fundamental like deep learning recognition. However, there are fewer examples at primary level, these typically focused decision-making, machine learning, programming. We recently started...

Triple‑negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with a poor prognosis; however, treatments for TNBC are limited, outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) small non‑coding RNA molecules that able to regulate gene expression. The present study aimed identify differentially expressed miRNAs in patients cancer, and investigate the functional role of identified miRNA targets their effects

Limited research exists on the impact of psychopathy within romantic relationships. We examined mental and physical health consequences reported by intimate partners individuals with psychopathic traits. Additionally, we explored whether severity coping impacted posttraumatic stress disorder depression symptoms. Four hundred fifty-seven former current traits were recruited from online support groups. Victims a variety abusive experiences various negative symptomatology involving emotional,...

A simplified fatigue model is presented that can predict the life of asphalt mixes using viscoelastic properties only. This was originally developed with elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principle and continuum damage mechanics reduced to a simple version On basis experimental study conducted on 12 different types mixes, it observed behavior affected by both characteristics, but mostly properties. In addition, found coefficient conventional strain-based models could be expressed in terms...

Collection and investigation of flood information are essential to understand the nature floods, but this has proved difficult in data-poor environments, or developing under-developed countries due economic technological limitations. The development remote sensing data, GIS, modeling techniques have, therefore, be useful tools analysis floods. Accordingly, study attempts estimate a discharge using generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) methodology 1D hydraulic model, with data...

Collaborative game-based learning environments have significant potential for creating effective and engaging group experiences. These offer rich interactions between small groups of students by embedding collaborative problem solving within immersive virtual worlds. Students often share information, ask questions, negotiate, construct explanations themselves towards a common goal. However, sometimes disengage from the activities, due to nature collaboration, their disengagement can...

The Oncotype DX® recurrence score (RS) predictor has been clinically utilized to appropriately select adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive early breast cancer. However, the selection of intermediate RSs remains controversial. We assessed prognostic value a 70-gene signature (70GS) among ER-positive cancer and RSs. In addition, we sought identify genes associated poor 70GS scores based on gene expression profiling (GEP). GEP was performed using data from 186...

Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) describes a pathological aperture at the level of arcuate eminence. Techniques for quantifying defect size are described with most studies using two-dimensional lengths that underestimate pathology. The objective this study is to describe novel method measurement combines manual segmentation high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images temporal bone and morphological skeletonization transform calculate volume. Images were imported into...

Recent years have seen growing recognition of the importance enabling K-12 students to learn computer science. Meanwhile, artificial intelligence has emerged as a technology with potential profoundly reshape society. This generated increasing demand for fostering an AI-literate populace. However, there is little work exploring how introduce AI and support teachers in integrating into their classrooms. In this work, we explore introducing learning experiences upper elementary classrooms...

Workers at construction sites are easily exposed to many dangers and accidents involving falls, tripping, missteps on stairs.However, researches site monitoring system prevent work-related injuries still insufficient.The purpose of this study was develop a wearable textile pressure insole sensor examine its effectiveness in managing the real-time safety workers.The designed based principles parallel capacitance measurement using conductive developed by C# language.Three separate experiments...