A5017798442- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging
- Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications
- Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
- Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Cardiac Fibrosis and Remodeling
- Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes
Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica
2016-2025
National Research Council
2014-2024
Neuroscience Institute
2023
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physiology
2013-2022
Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna
2009-2022
Jackson and Tull (United States)
2022
Creative Research Enterprises (United States)
2022
Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio
2022
University College London
2018
National Research Council
2017
Obesity-associated inflammation causes insulin resistance. Obese adipose tissue displays hypertrophied adipocytes and increased expression of the cannabinoid-1 receptor. Cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP) increases heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) activity, increasing adiponectin reducing inflammatory cytokines. We hypothesize that CoPP administration to Zucker diabetic fat (ZDF) rats would improve sensitivity remodel tissue. Twelve-week-old lean ZDF were divided into 4 groups: lean, lean–CoPP, ZDF,...
Abstract Age-related cognitive impairment and dementia are an increasing societal burden. Epidemiological studies indicate that lifestyle factors, e.g. physical, social activities, correlate with reduced risk; moreover, positive effects on cognition of physical/cognitive training have been found in cognitively unimpaired elders. Less is known about effectiveness action mechanisms elders already suffering from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), a population at high risk for dementia. We...
Abstract Mitochondrial dysfunctions critically affect cardiomyocyte survival during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. In this scenario p53 activates multiple signaling pathways that impair cardiac mitochondria and promote cell death. is a validated target of miR-30 whose levels fall under ischemic conditions. Although triiodothyronine (T3) rescues post-ischemic mitochondrial activity viability, no data are available on its role in the modulation I/R. Here we test hypothesis early T3...
We examined mechanisms by which L-4F reduces obesity and diabetes in obese (ob) diabetic mice. hypothesized that adiposity via increased pAMPK, pAKT, HO-1, insulin receptor phosphorylation ob Obese lean mice were divided into five groups: lean, lean-L-4F-treated, ob, ob-L-4F-treated, ob-L-4F-LY294002. Food intake, insulin, glucose adipocyte stem cells, CB1, determined. Subcutaneous (SAT) visceral adipose tissue (VAT) determined MRI hepatic lipid content magnetic resonance spectroscopy. SAT...
Basal expression of the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) improves mitochondrial metabolism, Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, and overall fitness immune non-immune cells. We investigated P2X7R contribution to energy metabolism subcellular localization in fibroblasts (mouse embryo HEK293 human fibroblasts), mouse microglia (primary brain microglia, N13 cell line), heart tissue. The localizes mitochondria, its lack (1) decreases basal respiratory rate, ATP-coupled respiration, maximal uncoupled...
Atherosclerosis progression is accelerated in diabetes mellitus (DM) by either direct endothelial damage or reduced availability and function of progenitor cells (EPCs). Both alterations are related to increased oxidant damage.We examined if DM specifically impairs vascular signaling, thereby reducing the recruitment normal EPCs, increases antioxidant levels induction heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) can reverse this condition.Control diabetic rats were treated with HO-1 inducer cobalt protoporphyrin...
Attenuated Listeria monocytogenes (Lmat-LLO) represents a valuable anticancer vaccine and drug delivery platform. Here we show that in vitro Lmat-LLO causes ROS production and, turn, apoptotic killing of wide variety melanoma cells, irrespectively their stage, mutational status, sensitivity to BRAF inhibitors or degree stemness. We also that, when administered the therapeutic setting Braf/Pten genetically engineered mice, strong decrease size volume primary tumors, as well reduction...
The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) suggests the use of chemotherapy as neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and concomitant to surgery radiotherapy treatment oral carcinoma by depending on cancer stage. usual drug choice belongs platinum compounds. In this context, evaluation behavior associated with administration standard or emerging cisplatin compounds supports establishment optimal management. Here, we have assessed compared performance alone contained in biodegradable nanocapsules...
Diagnostic cardiac ultrasound are commonly assumed to pose no hazard the patient—but this is not synonymous with being biologically inert. The production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) on endothelial cells a key modulator atheroprotective (at low level) and atherogenic high levels) actions. aim study was evaluate in vitro effects ROS after exposure variable duration commercially available imaging systems. Endothelial fluorescence evaluated sham (transducer off) 5', 15' 30'...
Although the angiogenic effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is widely recognized, a central question concerns whether vessels formed on its overexpression effectively increase tissue perfusion in vivo. To explore this issue, here we exploit AAV vectors to obtain prolonged expression VEGF and angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) rat skeletal muscle. Over period 6 months, muscle blood flow (MBF) permeability were measured by positron emission tomography single-photon computed tomography,...
Heart failure represents the final common outcome in cardiovascular diseases. Despite significant therapeutic advances, morbidity and mortality of heart remain unacceptably high. is preceded sustained by a process structural remodeling entire cardiac tissue architecture. Prevention or limitation early stages crucial step order to ameliorate patient prognosis. Acquisition novel pathophysiological mechanisms therefore required develop more efficacious strategies. Among all neuroendocrine...
Photoacoustic imaging is an emerging technique. Although commercially available photoacoustic systems currently exist, the technology still in its infancy. Therefore, design of stable phantoms essential to achieve semiquantitative evaluation performance a system and can help optimize properties contrast agents. We designed developed polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) phantom with exceptionally fine geometry; was tested using experiments loaded standard indocyanine green dye compared agar pattern...
The pursuit of more selectivity in the delivery plasmonic particles to tumors is critical before their penetration into clinical applications as photoacoustic imaging and photothermal ablation cancer. As direct infusion bloodstream remains problematic, due a multitude biological barriers, development alternative approaches emerging new challenge. In this context, recruitment homologous tumor‐tropic cells that may serve Trojan horses stands out fascinating possibility. Here, novel model gold...
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a promising noninvasive technique for molecular and cellular characterization of cancer. Cancer detection by PAI an area active research, the recent advent contrast agents based on near-infrared (NIR)-absorbing dyes or organic/inorganic nanoparticles tremendously improved specificity signal contrast. Here we report photoacoustic (PA) enhancement produced biodegradable passion fruit-like nanoarchitectures in phantoms ex vivo. By this approach, synergistic...
Activation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 signaling in the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injured myocardium leads to dysregulation miR-29-30-133, favoring profibrotic process that adverse cardiac remodeling (CR). We have previously shown timely correction postischemic low-T3 syndrome (Low-T3S) exerts antifibrotic effects, but underlying molecular players are still unknown. Here we hypothesize a prompt, short-term infusion T3 rat model post I/R Low-T3S could hamper early activation...
Magnesium-degradable implants have excellent mechanical and osteogenic properties for temporary orthopedic use but are underutilized due to insufficient methods monitor implant osseointegration tissue healing. This study evaluated the of circulatory biomarkers bilateral implantation a Mg-alloy in rats’ femurs. A total 16 were measured from plasma samples collected at multiple timepoints up 90 days post-implantation. Mg-alloy, Ti-alloy, Sham (noncritical bone defect) groups followed with...
Assaying tissue T3 and T4 would provide important information in experimental clinical investigations. A novel method to determine by HPLC coupled mass spectrometry is described. The major difference vs. previously described methods lies the addition of a derivatization step, that is, convert into corresponding butyl esters. yield esterification was ̴ 100% for 80% T4. assay linear (r>0.99) range 0.2-50 ng/ml, accuracy order 70-75%, minimum amount needed 50 mg, about one magnitude lower than...