Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a complex, multifactorial, immune-associated disorder of the tear and ocular surface. DES with high prevalence world over needs identification potential biomarkers so as to understand not only disease mechanism but also identify drug targets. In this study we looked for differentially expressed proteins in samples arrive at characteristic biomarkers. As part prospective case-control study, specimen were collected using Schirmer strips from 129 dry cases 73 age...

Background To study the tear cytokine and conjunctival oral mucosal marker profile in chronic ocular Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) their alteration following mucous membrane grafting (MMG) for lid margin keratinisation (LMK). Methods In a 1-year prospective study, SJS cases (n=25) age-matched/sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. Tear specimen (Schirmer’s strip), imprints collected from pre-MMG post-MMG (at first follow-up, n=17). cytokines profiled using 27-bioplex array....

PPARγ is an isoform of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) belonging to a super family nuclear receptors. found play crucial role in the modulation lipid and glucose homeostasis. Its commotion has been reported significant broad spectrum diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, inflammatory diseases, Alzheimer's disease, some cancers. Hence, important therapeutic target. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) their metabolites (henceforth referred bioactive lipids) are known...

Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is one of the major vision-threatening diseases eye. Oxidative stress key factors in onset and progression AMD. In this study, metabolites associated with AMD pathology more so at systemic level namely, oxidized LDL (oxLDL), homocysteine (Hcy), thiolactone (HCTL), advanced glycation end product (AGE) were evaluated for their pro-oxidant nature a localized ocular environment based on vitro studies human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19 cells)....

Lysyl oxidase (LOX) cross-links the side chain of collagen and elastin thereby contributes to extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity. ECM remodeling is seen in various ocular diseases. Until now, there have been no reports on LOX enzyme's activity tissues. The purpose this study was estimate expression human donor tissues measure specific vitreous proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).Human eyeballs obtained from an eye bank were used tissue...

Homocysteine (Hcys), a well-known inducer of vascular endothelial cell damage has been associated with extracellular matrix changes. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is copper-dependent amine that initiates the covalent cross-linking collagen and elastin in (ECM). LOX contributes to structural integrity ECM, low activity could promote ECM disorganization. Hydroxyproline levels are used predict turnover status, most endogenous hydroxyproline present biological fluids derived from degradation various forms...

Abstract Tear proteomics, by 2‐DE, can give a fingerprint of the protein profile, which is well suited in clinical proteomics for biomarker identification and diagnostics. The mode tear collection influence representation proteins therefore it important to use appropriate method. In this study, capillary Schirmer was done healthy controls method validated dry eye syndrome conditions. 2‐D PAGE normal performed using pH 3–10 linear IPG strips followed 13% SDS‐PAGE. spot intensity analyzed PD...

Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) of the retinal pigment epithelium is involved in pathogenesis proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) that often leads detachment. In this study, Triphala, an ayurvedic formulation and two its active ingredients, namely chebulagic acid chebulinic were evaluated for anti-EMT properties based on vitro experiments human epithelial cell line (ARPE-19) under TGFβ1 induced conditions. ARPE-19 cells treated with alone or co-treated various concentrations...

Vitreo-retinal (VR) surgeries induce conjunctival changes. However, there are no study reports regarding prevalence and severity of dry eye after these surgeries. This evaluated outcome VR surgery. Patients undergoing surgery classified as scleral buckle microincision vitrectomy (n = 44, mean age: 56.09±10.2 years) were recruited. Dry evaluation was done before 8 weeks (2 omitting topical drops). Conjunctival imprint cytology for goblet cell count tear Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) protein estimation...

OBJECTIVE Paraoxonase (PON) exhibits esterase activity (PON-AREase) and lactonase (PON-HCTLase), which prevent LDL oxidation detoxify homocysteine thiolactone (HCTL). The role of HCTL PON-HCTLase as a risk factor for the microvascular complication in diabetic retinopathy at level vitreous has not been investigated. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Undiluted from patients with proliferative (PDR) (n = 13) macular hole (MH) 8) was used to determine PON-AREase spectrophotometrically. levels were...

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a potent that implicated in the regulation of food intake and body weight. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) localised cell membranes have been shown to alter levels BDNF brain, suggesting PUFAs could physical interaction with each other. To decipher molecular mechanism through which modulates BDNF's activity, docking was performed for its metabolites, 4-Methyl Catechol as control.Inferring from studies, lipoxin A4 (LXA4), known anti-inflammatory...

Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) provides nourishment and protection to the eye. RPE dysfunction due oxidative stress inflammation is one of major reason for many retinal disorders. Organophosphorus pesticides are widely used in agricultural, industrial household activities India. However, their effects on eye context has not been studied. In this study defense ARPE19 cells exposed Chlorpyrifos (1 nM 100 µM) terms enzyme paraoxonase (PON) was studied at 24 hr 9 days treatment. found induce...

The underlying cause of disturbed homocysteine metabolism is incompletely understood in young persons with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) mild hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcys) and no other systemic disease India. A 2-year prospective study was undertaken to determine whether HHcys a risk factor for CRVO an Indian population.The prevalence fasting evaluated consecutive series 29 patients (mean age, 30 +/- 6 years) along 57 age- sex-matched control subjects (healthy subjects, mean age 27 5...

The tear ascorbate owing to its high concentration, functions as an effective antioxidant against the oxidative damage of cornea. Contact lens wearers (CLW) are prone stress due lens-induced hypoxic conditions. A pilot study was done compare ascorbic acid level and total capacity give in normal CLW.In this 21 CLW (Mean age 23 +/- 3 years ; M-2, F-19), who were daily wear users, with duration not more than four years, along age-matched 28 controls M-15, F-13) recruited for collection reflex...

<h3>Objectives</h3> High levels of plasma homocysteine have been reported to be toxic the vascular endothelium, thereby creating an environment hypercoagulability and occlusion. Elevated has as a risk factor for young adult central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) cases. This study aimed see if oxidative stress is independent or dependent. <h3>Methods</h3> 23 CRVO patients 54 age sex-matched controls were included in study. Oxidative markers thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS),...

Background Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXF) is an idiopathic, elastogenesis-associated systemic disease characterised by amyloid-like material aggregates in the eye. Elevated plasma and aqueous humour (aqH) homocysteine (Hcy) reportedly associated with PXF. This study aimed to probe Hcy-mediated alterations elastin expression. Methodology Lens level of Hcy (total (tHcy)), mRNA expression Eln , CBS MTR lens capsule, protein aqH were estimated enzyme immunoassay, quantitative PCR western blot,...

Purpose: Pseudoexfoliation (PXF) is a microfibrillopathy involving disordered elastogenesis. Abnormal extracellular matrix (ECM) production underlies the pathophysiology of PXF. The enzyme Lysyl oxidase (LOX) and its isoforms are known to cross-link elastin collagen. Though etiopathogensis PXF not well understood, studies report on genetic risk LOXL1 gene. This study aims screen coding variants rs1048661 rs3825942 in South Indian population implication single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)...