A5042772474- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Peripheral Nerve Disorders
- Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- HVDC Systems and Fault Protection
- interferon and immune responses
- Neurological and metabolic disorders
University of Chicago
2025
Northwestern University
2015-2024
Midwestern University
2023
Western University
2022
Rush University Medical Center
2022
Quanterix (United States)
2022
Center for Global Health
2021
University of Illinois Chicago
2015-2017
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
2017
Illinois College
2017
Although patients hospitalized with COVID-19 frequently present encephalopathy, those mild initial disease who never required hospitalization also often develop neurologic symptoms as part of postacute sequelae severe acute respiratory coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (neuro-PASC). The pathogenic mechanisms encephalopathy and neuro-PASC are unknown. We sought to establish biochemical evidence CNS injury in their association neuropsychiatric manifestations SARS-CoV-2 antigenemia.We...
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein is the main antigen in all approved COVID-19 vaccines and also only target for monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies. Immune responses to other viral antigens are generated after SARS-CoV-2 infection, but their contribution antiviral response remains unclear. Here, we interrogated whether nucleocapsid-specific antibodies can improve protection against SARS-CoV-2. We first immunized mice with a nucleocapsid-based...
mRNA vaccines are effective in preventing severe COVID-19, but breakthrough infections, emerging variants, and waning immunity warrant the use of boosters. Although boosters being implemented, extent to which pre-existing influences efficacy remains unclear. In a cohort individuals primed with mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 vaccines, we report that lower antibody levels before boost associated higher fold-increase after boost, suggesting modulates immunogenicity vaccines. Our studies mice show...
Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines have shown efficacy against SARS-CoV-2, it is unknown if can also protect other coronaviruses that may infect humans in the future. Here, we show elicited cross-protective immune responses heterologous coronaviruses. In particular, a 1 (SARS-CoV-1) vaccine developed 2004 and known to SARS-CoV-1 conferred robust protection SARS-CoV-2 mice. Similarly, prior infections distinct Cross-reactive immunity was reported...
Introduction Many people with long COVID symptoms suffer from debilitating neurologic post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Neuro-PASC). Although Neuro-PASC are widely documented, it is still unclear whether PASC impact virus-specific immune responses. Therefore, we examined T cell and antibody responses to Nucleocapsid protein identify activation signatures distinguishing patients healthy convalescents. Results We report that exhibit distinct immunological composed elevated CD4 +...
Many people experiencing long COVID syndrome, or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), suffer from debilitating neurologic symptoms (Neuro-PASC). However, whether virus-specific adaptive immunity is affected in Neuro-PASC patients remains poorly understood. We report that exhibit distinct immunological signatures composed elevated humoral and cellular responses toward Nucleocapsid protein at an average 6 months post-infection compared to healthy convalescents. also had enhanced...
Significance We show CD1d-restricted natural killer (NK)T cells have distinct metabolic profiles compared with CD4 + conventional T cells. Mature NKT poor fatty acid oxidation and exhibit reduced mitochondrial respiratory reserve in the steady state. In addition, cell development is more sensitive to alterations electron transport chain function than Using cell-specific complex III ablation mice, we further demonstrate that metabolism plays a crucial role by modulating...
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most common form of RNA modification, controls CD4+ T cell homeostasis by targeting IL-7/STAT5/SOCS signaling pathways. The role m6A modification in unconventional development remains unknown. Using mice with cell-specific deletion methyltransferase METTL14 (T-Mettl14−/−), we demonstrate that is indispensable for iNKT homeostasis. Loss METTL14-dependent leads to upregulation apoptosis double-positive thymocytes, which turn decreases Vα14-Jα18 gene...
Long COVID, or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) in ∼30% all infected individuals. Here, we present a case PASC patient with rheumatoid arthritis characterized by viral persistence the nasopharynx for 6 months after acute infection. We demonstrate transient disappearance antigen and decreased antiviral autoimmune T cell responses nirmatrelvir/ritonavir tocilizumab treatment.A 37-year-old female 7-year history enrolled COVID-19 research study was found to continuously test...
<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Millions of Americans were exposed to SARS-CoV-2 early in the pandemic but could not get diagnosed with COVID-19 due testing limitations. Many have developed a postviral syndrome (PVS) including neurologic manifestations similar those postacute sequelae infection (Neuro-PASC). Owing circumstances, proof was required for evaluation at Northwestern Medicine9s Neuro clinic. We sought investigate clinical immunologic findings suggestive exposure patients PVS....
Abstract Long COVID patients who experienced severe acute SARS-CoV-2 infection can present with humoral autoimmunity. However, whether mild increases autoantibody responses and vaccination decrease autoimmunity in long is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that autoantibodies associated systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) inflammatory myopathies persistent neurologic symptoms to a greater extent than convalescent controls at 8 months post-infection. Furthermore, high titers of SLE-associated are...
Anesthetics are known to modulate host immune responses, but separating the variables of surgery from anesthesia when analyzing hospital acquired infections is often difficult. Here, bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) was used assess impact common anesthetic propofol on susceptibility infection. Brief sedation mice with physiologically relevant concentrations increased burdens in target organs by more than 10,000-fold relative infected control animals. The adverse effects...
mRNA vaccines have shown high efficacy in preventing severe COVID-19, but breakthrough infections, emerging variants and waning antibody levels warranted the use of boosters. Although boosters been widely implemented, extent to which pre-existing immunity influences remains unclear. In a cohort individuals primed with mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 vaccines, we observed that lower before boost were associated higher fold-increase after boost, suggesting modulates boosting capacity vaccines....
Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is the causative agent of both skin/soft tissue infections as well invasive bloodstream infections. Though vaccines have been developed to target humoral and T cell-mediated immune responses against SA, they largely failed due lack protective efficacy. Group 1 CD1-restricted cells recognize lipid rather than peptide antigens. Previously found lipids derived from cell wall Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), these were associated with protection Mtb infection in...
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for large numbers of postsurgical nosocomial infections across the United States and worldwide. Propofol anesthesia widely used in surgery intensive care units, recent evidence indicates that even brief exposure to propofol can substantially increase host susceptibility microbial infection. Here, we delineate impact sedation on MRSA bloodstream mice presence absence prophylactic antibiotic treatment. Consistent with previous...
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (SA) bacteremia is responsible for over ten thousand deaths in the hospital setting each year. Both conventional CD4+ T cells and play protective roles SA infection through secretion of IFN- IL-17. However, role other unconventional largely unknown. Natural killer (NKT) cells, a subset innate-like are activated rapidly response to wide range self microbial lipid antigens presented by MHC I-like molecule CD1d. NKT divided into two groups,...
Abstract Acute COVID-19 can cause a post-infectious syndrome in significant percentage of patients, with multifacted and long lasting symptoms. We hypothesized that this Post-Acute COVID (PASC) could result from various underlying causes, which may compromise the demonstration efficacy for treatments evaluated on cohorts heterogeneous patients. To assess feasibility stratifying or characterizing subgroups post-COVID-19 patients consistent different indications precision medicine perspective,...
Abstract Patients with long COVID can develop humoral autoimmunity after severe acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, whether similar increases in autoantibody responses occur mild infection and vaccination prior to breakthrough limit is unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that autoantibodies associated rheumatic autoimmune diseases diabetes most individuals, regardless of status patients persistent neurologic fatigue symptoms (neuro-PASC) have substantially higher than convalescent...