A5016451607- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
- Nuclear Structure and Function
- Optimization and Packing Problems
- VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques
- Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern Formation
- Organoselenium and organotellurium chemistry
- Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Slime Mold and Myxomycetes Research
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Micro and Nano Robotics
- Soil Mechanics and Vehicle Dynamics
- Dynamics and Control of Mechanical Systems
Research Institute of Molecular Pathology
2021-2024
University of Pittsburgh
2023-2024
Vienna Biocenter
2021-2024
LMU Klinikum
2024
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
2024
Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics
2016-2022
TU Dresden
2017-2021
Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems
2016-2021
Center for Systems Biology Dresden
2016-2021
Nihon University
2019
During animal cell division, the cleavage furrow is positioned by microtubules that signal to actin cortex at midplane. We developed a cell-free system recapitulate cytokinesis signaling using cytoplasmic extract from Xenopus eggs. Microtubules grew out as asters artificial centrosomes and met organize antiparallel overlap zones. These zones blocked interpenetration of neighboring recruited midzone proteins, including chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) centralspindlin. The CPC was...
Abstract Interactions between liquids and surfaces generate forces 1,2 that are crucial for many processes in biology, physics engineering, including the motion of insects on surface water 3 , modulation material properties spider silk 4 self-assembly microstructures 5 . Recent studies have shown cells assemble biomolecular condensates via phase separation 6 In nucleus, these thought to drive transcription 7 heterochromatin formation 8 nucleolus assembly 9 DNA repair 10 Here we show...
Significance How the cell cytoplasm is spatially organized of fundamental interest. In ordinary animal cells by a radial array microtubules, called an aster. Aster microtubules are nucleated centrosome and elongate to periphery. We investigated how asters grow in extremely large cell, frog egg, using microscopy extract system. Asters were initially at centrosomes, but then additional far from centrosome, apparently stimulated preexisting microtubules. The resulting growth process allows...
Microtubule asters - radial arrays of microtubules organized by centrosomes play a fundamental role in the spatial coordination animal cells. The standard model aster growth assumes fixed number originating from centrosomes. However, morphology this does not scale with cell size, and we recently found evidence for non-centrosomal microtubule nucleation. Here, combine autocatalytic nucleation polymerization dynamics to develop biophysical growth. Our predicts that expand as traveling waves...
Cellular organelles such as the mitotic spindle adjust their size to dimensions of cell. It is widely understood that scaling governed by regulation microtubule polymerization. Here, we use quantitative microscopy in living zebrafish embryos and Xenopus egg extracts combination with theory show polymerization dynamics are insufficient scale spindles only contribute below a critical cell size. In contrast, nucleation governs for all sizes. We this hierarchical arises from partitioning...
During neural tube (NT) development, the notochord induces an organizer, floorplate, which secretes Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) to pattern progenitors. Conversely, NT organoids (NTOs) from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) spontaneously form floorplates without notochord, demonstrating that can self-organize inducers. Here, we investigated floorplate self-organization in clonal mouse NTOs. Expression of marker FOXA2 was initially spatially scattered before resolving into multiple clusters, underwent...
Abstract Junctions between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and outer membrane of nuclear envelope (NE) physically connect both organelles. These ER–NE junctions are essential for supplying NE with lipids proteins synthesized in ER. However, little is known about structure these junctions. Here, we systematically study ultrastructure cryo-fixed mammalian cells staged anaphase, telophase, interphase by correlating live cell imaging three-dimensional electron microscopy. Our results show that...
Animal organs exhibit complex topologies involving cavities and tubular networks, which underlie their form function1-3. However, how topology emerges during the development of organ shape, or morphogenesis, remains elusive. Here we combine tissue reconstitution quantitative microscopy to show that shape is governed by two distinct modes topological transitions4,5. One mode involves fusion separate epithelia other ends same epithelium. The morphological space captured a single control...
We develop a field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based multichannel measurement system for sensing multiplexed fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), using high-speed wavelength-swept laser. The laser, operated with Fourier-domain mode locking (FDML), exhibits sweep frequency of 50.7 kHz and band ~60 nm. A breakthrough in real-time is achieved by implementing an FPGA unique parallel-processing circuits. This enables the implementation centroid-peak-detection circuit FBG detection, which can be...
Terminal regions of the Drosophila embryo are patterned by localized activation Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK), which induces zygotic genes through relief their repression transcriptional repressor Capicua. The levels MAPK at anterior and posterior termini close to each other, but expression patterns MAPK-target genes, such as zerknüllt (zen) tailless (tll), display strong anterior-posterior (AP) asymmetry. This region-specific response provides a clear example context-dependent...
The 3D packing problem consists of arranging nonoverlapping rectangular boxes (blocks) given sizes in a box minimum volume. As representation packings, this paper proposes novel encoding method called Double Tree and Sequence (DTS). following are features DTS: 1) It can represent any minimal packing. 2) be decoded into the corresponding <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">O</i> ( xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> <sup...
By using commercially available anhydrous hydrazine in the gas-phase, mucin-type oligosaccharides were released from porcine gastric mucin (PGM) and bovine fetuin. The data indicated that a certain amount of PGM further degraded. Despite this, HPLC elution profile anthranilic acid (AA)-derivatized obtained by treatment with at 65°C for 6 h resembled those alkaline-borohydride treatment, except additional disaccharide fractions derived core 1 side degradation. other degraded products 2 could...
Abstract Interactions between liquids and surfaces generate forces 1,2 that are crucial for many processes in biology, physics, engineering, including the motion of insects on surface water 3 , modulation material properties spider silk 4 self-assembly microstructures 5 . Recent studies have shown cells assemble biomolecular condensates via phase separation 6 In nucleus, these thought to drive transcription 7 heterochromatin formation 8 nucleolus assembly 9 DNA repair 10 Here, we show...
3D packing problem is to arrange rectangular boxes (blocks) of given sizes in a box the minimum volume without overlapping each other. As representation for packings, this paper proposes novel encoding method, called DTS (double tree and sequence). The feature is: (1) It can represent any minimal packings. (2) size solution space (the number codes) much smaller than conventional which Experimental comparisons with representations indicate superiority proposed
Microtubule plus-end depolymerization rate is a potentially important target of physiological regulation, but it has been challenging to measure, so its role in spatial organization poorly understood. Here we apply method for tracking plus ends based on time difference imaging measure rates large interphase asters growing Xenopus egg extract. We observed strong regulation rates, which were higher the aster interior compared with periphery, and much less polymerization or catastrophe rates....