A5001210278- Birth, Development, and Health
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Early Childhood Education and Development
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Family and Disability Support Research
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Community Health and Development
- Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
Massachusetts General Hospital
2004-2024
Individual Differences
2024
Brown University
2014-2023
John Brown University
2007-2022
Providence College
2010-2021
University of Maryland, College Park
2010-2020
Maternal Child and Family Health
2020
Brigham and Women's Hospital
1999-2019
Harvard University
2004-2019
Stanford University
2006-2019
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the relationship between child sexual abuse (CSA) and subsequent onset of psychiatric disorders, accounting for other childhood adversities, CSA type, chronicity abuse. METHODS: Retrospective reports CSA, disorders were obtained by National Comorbidity Survey, a nationally representative survey United States (n = 5877). Reports analyzed multivariate methods. RESULTS: was reported 13.5% women 2.5% men. When adversities controlled for, significant associations...
<h3>Objective</h3> To generate a national multiple sclerosis (MS) prevalence estimate for the United States by applying validated algorithm to administrative health claims (AHC) datasets. <h3>Methods</h3> A was applied private, military, and public AHC datasets identify adult cases of MS between 2008 2010. In each dataset, we determined 3-year cumulative overall stratified age, sex, census region. We insurance-specific stratum-specific estimates 2010 US Census data pooled findings calculate...
Recent empirical work on the distribution, determinants, and consequences of children adolescents' witnessing community violence are reviewed. Major findings across studies indicate that males, ethnic minorities, urban residents at increased risk for violence, higher rates PTSD, depression, distress, aggression, externalizing behavior disturbances reported among those who witness violence. Degree family conflict, domestic support were demonstrated to modify impact exposure Research policy...
Purpose. Lack of physical activity is associated with increased risk overweight and cardiovascular disease, conditions lower socioeconomic status (SES). Associations between levels urban youth limited access to safe recreation areas in their neighborhoods residence were investigated. Design. Analyses data from the Project on Human Development Chicago Neighborhoods, a multilevel longitudinal study families communities, are reported. Setting. Chicago, Illinois. Subjects. Individual-level...
We tested the hypothesis that maternal infections during pregnancy are associated with subsequent development of schizophrenia and other psychoses in adulthood.We conducted a nested case-control study 27 adults psychotic illnesses 54 matched unaffected control subjects (matched for sex, ethnicity, date birth) from Providence, RI, cohort Collaborative Perinatal Project. retrieved stored blood samples had been obtained these mothers at end pregnancy. These were analyzed total class-specific...
This study reports on the development of a structured interview, My Exposure to Violence (My ETV), that was designed assess child and youth exposure violence. Eighty participants between ages 9 24 were assessed. Data from ETV fit Rasch model for rating scales, technique generates interval level measures allows characterization both chronic acute exposure. Results indicated statistics six covering lifetime past year victimization, witnessing violence, total exposure, all good. These scales...
We examined the concentration of fast food restaurants in areas proximal to schools characterize school neighborhood environments.We used geocoded databases restaurant and addresses examine locational patterns fast-food kindergartens primary secondary Chicago. bivariate K function statistical method quantify degree clustering (spatial dependence) around locations.The median distance from any Chicago nearest was 0.52 km, a that an adult can walk little more than 5 minutes, 78% had at least 1...
We assessed the reproducibility and validity of a questionnaire that asks mothers to recall pregnancy-related events from thirty or more years ago. Among 146 women who completed twice, responses were highly reproducible for pre-pregnancy height weight (r = 0.95), pregnancy complications 0.74), substance use 0.80), preterm delivery 0.82), birthweight 0.94), breastfeeding 0.89). 154 whose compared data collected during their pregnancies, was accurate 0.90), 0.86), 0.91), smoking (sensitivity...
OBJECTIVE. To assess whether improvements in cognitive and behavioral development seen preschool educational programs persist, we compared those a multisite randomized trial of such program over the first 3 years life (INT) to with follow-up only (FUO) at 18 months age. METHODS. This was prospective Infant Health Development Program 8 sites heterogeneous for sociodemographic characteristics. Originally 985 children were INT (n = 377) or FUO 608) groups within 2 birth weight strata: heavier...
OBJECTIVE. Adolescence is an important period of risk for the development lifelong smoking behaviors. Compelling, although inconsistent, evidence suggests a relationship between parental and initiation during adolescence. This study investigates unresolved issues concerning strength nature association parent offspring initiation. METHODS. We enrolled 564 adolescents aged 12 to 17, along with 1 their parents, into New England Family Study 2001 2004. Lifetime histories were obtained from...
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) may cross the placental barrier lead to fetal exposure. However, little is known about factors that influence maternal-fetal transfer of these chemicals. PFAS concentrations were analyzed in 100 paired samples human maternal sera collected each trimester cord at delivery; Wuhan, China, 2014. Linear regression was used estimate associations efficiencies with factors. Chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonates (Cl-PFAESs, 6:2 8:2) frequently...
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is evolving rapidly worldwide. However, little known about the association between pregnant women with COVID-19 and risk of adverse birth outcomes. We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on Maternal Child Health Information System (MCHIMS) Wuhan, China. All singleton live recorded by system January 13 March 18, 2020, were included. outcomes preterm birth, low weight, neonatal asphyxia, premature rupture membrane (PROM), cesarean...
Background. Childhood adversity significantly increases the risk of depression, but it is unclear whether this most pronounced for depression occurring early in life. In present study, we examine three aspects childhood – low socio-economic status (SES), family disruption, and residential instability are related to increased during specific stages life course. We also these severity depression. Method. A sample 1089 4140 births enrolled Providence, Rhode Island cohort National Collaborative...
OBJECTIVE: The authors' goal was to investigate whether maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of nicotine dependence among adult offspring. METHOD: Prospective data from two samples offspring in the National Collaborative Perinatal Project, a long-term prospective investigation through adulthood, were combined (N=1,248). Maternal assessed each prenatal visit. Offspring behavior and lifetime obtained by structured interview Diagnostic Interview Schedule; mean...
Differences in maternal characteristics only partially explain the lower birth weights of infants African-American women. It is hypothesized that economic and social features urban neighborhoods may further account for these differences. The authors conducted a household survey 8,782 adults residing 343 Chicago, Illinois, to assess mean levels perceived support used US Census data estimate neighborhood disadvantage. Data on weight risk factors were gathered from 95,711 certificates...
The purpose of this study was to examine whether depressive symptoms are predictive subsequent sexual risk behavior in a national probability sample US middle and high school students.Sexually active, unmarried, students (n = 4152) participated home interviews waves I II the National Longitudinal Study Adolescent Health, at an approximately 1-year interval. Associations between baseline behaviors over course following year were examined separately for boys girls, adjusting demographic...
The majority of children in the United States experience parent-to-child physical aggression (PCPA), a disciplinary strategy out favor with many experts. Several decades research have documented link between community characteristics and severe child maltreatment. None taken multilevel approach to study whether neighborhoods affect amount corporal punishment and/or abuse used by individual families. Data for this article come from Project on Human Development Chicago Neighborhoods were...
Background Despite abundant evidence that lower education is associated with a higher risk of smoking, whether the association causal has not been convincingly established.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is hypothesized to be due, in part, structural defects brain networks influencing cognitive, affective, and motor behaviors. Although the current literature on fiber tracts limited ADHD, gray matter abnormalities suggest that white (WM) connections may altered selectively neural systems. A prior study (Ashtari et al. 2005), using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI), showed alterations within frontal cerebellar WM children...