A5056952385- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Medical Coding and Health Information
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Infectious Diseases and Mycology
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
National Institute for Medical Research
2017-2025
Africa Academy for Public Health
2022-2023
Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology
2015-2019
University of California, San Francisco
2019
Earlham Institute
2019
University of Saskatchewan
2019
In a World Report about COVID-19 vaccine use in Tanzania,1Makoni M Tanzania refuses vaccines.Lancet. 2021; 397: 566Summary Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (27) Google Scholar local context was not sufficiently considered to fully understand the country's position on pandemic and its of vaccines. We maintain that late President John Magufuli understood severity pandemic, which merits joint coordinated global efforts. early months between February April, 2020, Tanzanian Government quickly...
Background Despite free tuberculosis (TB) services in low-resource settings which are provided under countries’ respective National TB programmes, patients incur substantial costs when seeking care. These not only act as a barrier to access but also reduce adherence treatment further affects patients’ health outcomes and poses financial burden households. In the context of EXIT-TB project implementation, we nested patient cost study aiming at estimating incurred by services. addition,...
<title>Abstract</title> Oligonucleotide mediated recombineering is a powerful technique for genome editing in bacteria. In mycobacteria, researchers usually transform bacteria with two oligonucleotides: one conferring the mutation of interest, and second selectable antibiotic resistance. Multiple genetic modifications may be performed sequentially, however, this requires either introduction multiple resistances or tedious process reversing resistance between steps. Rather than using...
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the biggest threats modern public health. Although sub-Saharan Africa highly burdened with infectious diseases, current data on antimicrobial are sparse.A prospective study was conducted between October 2018 and September 2019 to assess antibiotic susceptibility patterns clinical bacterial isolates obtained from four referral hospitals in Tanzania. We used standard media Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion methods as per Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute...
Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. This high burden is mainly attributed to low case detection delayed diagnosis. We aimed determine the prevalence predictors TB among health care-seeking people screened for cough any duration Ethiopia. Methods In this multicenter cross-sectional study, we 195,713 (81.2%) duration. recruited sample 1,853 presumptive (PTB) cases assigned them into three groups: group I with ≥2 weeks, II...
Abstract Introduction Early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and universal access to drug-susceptibility testing (DST) are critical elements the WHO End TB Strategy. Current rapid tests (e.g., Xpert ® MTB/RIF Ultra-assays) can detect rifampicin resistance-conferring mutations, but cannot resistance Isoniazid second-line anti-TB agents. Although Line Probe Assay is capable detecting agents, it requires sophisticated laboratory infrastructure advanced skills which often not readily available in...
Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a fatal lymphoproliferative disease of cattle that, in East Africa, results from transmission the causative virus, alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1), wildebeest. A vaccine field trial involving an attenuated AlHV-1 virus was performed over two wildebeest calving seasons on Simanjiro Plain northern Tanzania. Each phases consisted groups 50 vaccinated and unvaccinated cattle, which were subsequently exposed to challenge by herding toward Vaccination resulted...
Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in technology-limited countries is widely achieved by smear microscopy, which has limited sensitivity and specificity. The frequency clinical implication smear-positive but culture-negative among presumptive TB patients remains unclear. A cross-sectional substudy was conducted aimed to identify the proportion nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections 94 "smear-positive culture-negative" diagnosed between January 2013 June 2016 selected health...
East Africa countries (Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda) are among tuberculosis high burdened globally. As we race to accelerate progress towards a world free of by 2035, gaps related screening diagnosis in the cascade care need be addressed.We conducted three-year (2015-2017) retrospective study using routine program data 21 health facilities from Africa. Data abstraction were done at clinics, outpatient departments (OPD), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diabetic then complemented with...
Abstract Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. We qualitatively evaluated the implementation an Evidence-Based Multiple Focus Integrated Intensified TB Screening package (EXIT-TB) East African region, aimed at increasing case detection number patients receiving care. Objective present accounts participants from Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia regarding EXIT-TB, suggestions for scaling up. Methods A qualitative...
Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a fatal disease of cattle that, in East Africa, follows contact with wildebeest excreting alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1). Recently an attenuated vaccine (atAlHV-1) was tested under experimental challenge on Friesian-Holstein (FH) and gave efficacy (VE) approximately 90%. However testing field conditions African breed, the shorthorn zebu cross (SZC), VE 56% suggesting that FH SZC may respond differently to vaccine. To investigate, trial carried out using...
The gap between patients diagnosed with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and enrolment in treatment is one of the major challenges control programmes. A 4-year (2013–2016) retrospective review patients' clinical data subsequent in-depth interviews health providers were conducted to assess effectiveness GeneXpert GxAlert platform for MDR-TB diagnosis its impact on linkage care Tanzania. total 782 new rifampicin cases notified, but only 242 (32.3%) placed an regimens. remaining 540...
Alcelaphine herpesvirus–1 (AlHV-1), a causative agent of malignant catarrhal fever in cattle, was detected wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) placenta tissue for the first time. Although viral load low, finding DNA over 50% 94 samples tested lends support to possibility that placental could play role disease transmission and calves are infected utero. Two loci were sequenced examine variation among virus obtained from cattle: ORF50 gene, encoding lytic cycle transactivator protein, A9.5...
Mycobacterium yongonense is a recently described novel species belonging to avium complex, which the most prevalent aetiology of non-tuberculous mycobacteria associated with pulmonary infections, and poses tuberculosis diagnostic challenges in high-burden, resource-constrained settings.Whole genome shotgun sequencing comparative microbial genomic analyses were used characterize isolate from patient diagnosed multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) after relapse.The sequence first case M. (M. RT...
Abstract Background The commonest causes of mortality in people living with HIV (PLHIV) are preventable and the majority can be attributed to undiagnosed tuberculosis (TB). National HIV/AIDS control programs encouraged implement WHO package interventions improve survival among PLHIV. We assessed implementation TB-related care for Advanced Disease (AHD) its impact on treatment outcomes HIV/TB patients Tanzania. Methods A retrospective cohort study was employed antiretroviral therapy from 21...
Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis remains grim, especially in resource-limited settings. Low quality sputum, particularly among seriously ill, HIV/AIDS, and pediatric patients might result missing the diagnosis. This study evaluated performance GeneXpert MTB/RIF for detection on stool specimens as an alternative to respiratory specimens.A cross-sectional design was used evaluate detect TB from presumptive patients. Sputum culture Lowenstein-Jensen media gold standard. Recruitment into...
Six health facilities in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.To evaluate the use of stool specimens diagnostic workup paediatric TB using Xpert® MTB/RIF assay.Between December 2018 and May 2019, we performed a cross-sectional study children aged between 1 month 14 years with presumptive TB. A single specimen was tested Xpert. The result compared reference microbiological standard for respiratory or gastric Xpert and/or solid culture. sensitivity, specificity predictive values assay were assessed.A total...
A prospective cohort study of the clinical presentations and management outcomes laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients in early months pandemic was performed at two hospitals Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Between April 1 May 31, 2020, seen tertiary facilities were consecutively enrolled followed up for 21 days.121 enrolled; 112 (92.6%) admitted while nine (7.4%) as outpatients. The median (IQR) age 41 (30-54) years; 72 (59.5%) male. reported days from hospital admission to recovery death 10...
Nomadic life not only prevents the community from accessing and utilising HIV services but also deters them obtaining reliable information on HIV.We conducted a cross-sectional study of youth aged 10-24 years Kilindi Ngorongoro Districts in Tanzania to assess knowledge, accessibility utilisation HIV/AIDS among nomadic agricultural youths.Of 518 youths interviewed, 279 (53.9%) were males, 276 (53.3%) communities. A significant proportion communities had correct knowledge AIDS (n = 126, 45.8%;...
The COVID-19 pandemic has ushered in high-throughput sequencing technology as an essential public health tool. Scaling up and operationalizing genomics Africa is crucial enhanced capacity for genome could address key problems relevant to African populations. High-quality research can be leveraged improve diagnosis, understand the aetiology of unexplained illnesses, surveillance infectious diseases inform efficient control therapeutic methods known, rare emerging diseases. Achieving these...
<title>Abstract</title> INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. We qualitatively evaluated the implementation an Evidence-Based Multiple Focus Integrated Intensified TB Screening package (EXIT-TB) East African region, aimed at increasing case detection number patients receiving care. OBJECTIVE present accounts participants from Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia regarding EXIT-TB, suggestions for scaling up. METHODS A...
Over the past decade, there have been increasing reports of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species being implicated in tuberculosis (TB) treatment failure or misdiagnosed as TB. Inadequate awareness NTM pulmonary disease among healthcare workers (HCWs) may contribute to a low index suspicion for patients presenting their hospitals. In this study, we assessed (NTM-PD) front desk HCWs Northern Tanzania. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was carried out four administrative regions...