In this paper we describe a new Mueller matrix (MM) microscope that generalizes and makes quantitative the polarized light microscopy technique. instrument all elements of MU are simultaneously determined from analysis in frequency domain time-dependent intensity beam at every pixel camera. The variations created by two compensators continuously rotating different angular frequencies. A typical measurement is completed little over one minute it can be applied to any visible wavelength. Some...

In this Letter we present the equations to calculate six independent polarization effects of an arbitrary normalized Mueller-Jones matrix corresponding homogenous media. A comparison between method and other inversion procedures is discussed, application analytic experimental Mueller matrices illustrated.

The optical activity of fabricated metallic nanostructures is investigated by complete polarimetry. While lattices decorated with nanoscale gammadia etched in thin films have been described as two dimensional, planar nanostructures, they are better quasi-planar structures some three dimensional character. We find that the these arises not only from dissymmetric backing a substrate but, more importantly, selective rounding nanostructure edges. A true chiroptical response far-field allowed...

Hydrodynamic forces in stirred solutions induce chirality some supramolecular species of J-aggregates, as detected at the level electronic transition. However, mechanism that explains phenomenon remains to be elucidated, although basic effect hydrodynamic gradients shear rate is most probably folding or bending nanoparticles solution. Herein, we demonstrate a correlation between chiral flows different regions circular and square cuvettes emergence true dichroism (CD). The results show...

Abstract Traces of biological contaminants that cannot be detected, but are expected to present, in ultra‐pure water suffice select the emerging chiral sign spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking takes place during formation J‐aggregates amphiphilic diprotonated tetrakis‐(4‐sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (H 4 TPPS 2− ). This is demonstrated by competition experiments with a cationic surfactant. The sensitivity detection depends on hierarchical control H self‐aggregation. Chirality 21:408‐412, 2009....

We propose a new algorithm, the pseudopolar decomposition, to decompose Jones or Mueller-Jones matrix into sequence of factors: J congruent withJ(R)J(D)J(1C)J(2C) M withM(R)M(D)M(1C)M(2C). The matrices J(R)(M(R)) and J(D)(M(D)) parameterize, respectively, retardation dichroic properties J(M) in good approximation, while J(iC)(M(iC)) are correction factors that arise from noncommutativity polarization properties. exponential versions general used demonstrate decomposition calculate each one...

A detailed in situ spectroellipsometric analysis of the nucleation and growth hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a:Si:H) is presented. Photoelectronic quality a-Si:H films are deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition on smooth metal (NiCr alloy) crystalline (c-Si) substrates. The analyzed from first monolayer up to a final thickness 1.2 μm. In order perform an improved analysis, real time ellipsometric trajectories recorded, using fixed preparation conditions, at various photon...

Phase-modulated ellipsometry of the J-aggregates title porphyrin shows that material gives a true CD signal. This confirms there is real chiral transfer by mechanical forces, mediated shear gradient flows, from macroscopic to electronic transition level. Dislocations in structure aggregate could justify formation chirality at level transitions once mesophases can be sculptured hydrodynamic flows.

Two-modulator generalized ellipsometry is used to determine the spectroscopic Mueller matrix of a solution porphyrin supramolecular aggregates that have fibrous form. During measurements solutions were stirred in clockwise and anticlockwise directions. The pseudopolar decompostion applied experimental matrices unveil birefringent dichroics properties sample. vortex flow found modify optical response polarized light, and, particular, its chiral signature determined by stirring direction...

The two independent components of the gyration tensor quartz, g(11) and g(33), have been spectroscopically measured using a transmission two-modulator generalized ellipsometer. method is used to determine optical activity in crystals directions other than optic axis, where linear birefringence much larger activity.

The aggregation of achiral sulfonatophenyl- and phenyl-meso-substituted diprotonated porphyrins to chiral J-aggregates is a hierarchical noncovalent polymerization process preceded by critical nucleation stage. This allows significant enantiomeric excesses the formation few primary nuclei control their growth effect that flows (imperfect mixing) have on secondary J-aggregate particles. In addition, results strongly suggest when only one species aggregate predominates, CD signals three...

The influence of radio frequency (rf) power and pressure on deposition rate structural properties hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin films, prepared by rf glow discharge decomposition silane, have been studied phase modulated ellipsometry Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It has found two regions separated a threshold value around 20 Pa where the increases suddenly. This behavior is more marked as rises reflects transition between discharges regimes (α γ). best quality films...

A new Fourier transform infrared phase-modulated ellipsometer is presented. It combines the high frequency provided by a photoelastic modulator (37 kHz) with low of spectroscopy (<1 kHz), means numerical data acquisition system. full spectrum recording (from 900 to 4000 cm−1) can be achieved in 2 s. Thus, it allows its adaptation for kinetic situ studies. The optical setup and reduction procedure are In particular, self-consistent spectral calibration described detail. precision Ψ Δ...

Abstract Nanophases of J‐aggregates several achiral amphiphilic porphyrins, which have thin long acicular shapes (nanoribbons), show the immediate and reversible formation a stationary mechano‐chiral state in solution by vortex stirring, as detected their circular dichroic signals measured 2‐modulator generallized ellipsometry. The results suggest that when macroscopic chiral force creates supramolecular chirality, it also an enantiomeric excess screw distortions, may be excitonic...

This report shows how the net supramolecular chirality that emerged by spontaneous mirror-symmetry breaking (SMSB) at mesoscale level can be transferred towards asymmetric solution chemistry. The J-aggregates obtained self-assembly of an achiral porphyrin act as chiral counteranions in iminium-promoted Diels-Alder reaction, leading to enantiomeric imbalances final adducts.

Thin films of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H), deposited by square wave modulated (SQWM) rf silane discharges, have been studied through spectroscopic and real time phase ellipsometry. The SQMW obtained at low mean power density (19 mW/cm2) shown smaller surface roughness than those in standard continuous (cw) discharges. At higher powers (≥56 mW/cm2), different behaviors depending on the modulating frequency observed. On one hand, frequencies (<40 Hz), SQWM a significant...

Abstract There are an increasing number of reports on the emergence circular dichroic signals when solutions J‐aggregates vortex‐stirred. Some authors claim that transfer chirality from macroscopic stirring vortex occurs at level electronic transitions. Others argue signal observed is not due to true dichroism (CD), but rather it artifact combinations linear polarization contributions. For both interpretations necessary assume alignment by effect flows dominates over Brownian dynamics....

Abstract Spontaneous symmetry breaking in J‐aggregates of cyanine dyes has a long history chemical literature. In 1976, Honda and Hada claimed that they had achieved chiral induction (CD) by stirring pseudocyanine. However, this report is controversial, as the combinations linear dichroism birefringence can lead to artifactual circular dichroic signals are unrelated molecular chirality. A Mueller matrix spectroscopy study, with an approach for application gradient shear rate (solution layer...

This Letter reports the production and optical polarimetric verification of codes based on thin-film technology for security applications. Because structures display distinctive polarization signatures, this data is used to authenticate message encoded. Samples are analyzed using an imaging ellipsometer able measure 16 components Mueller matrix. As a result, behavior thin film under polarized light becomes completely characterized. information utilized distinguish among true false by means...

The effects of plasma processing conditions on the microstructural properties silicon powders are presented. Hydrogenated nanophase were prepared using low-pressure and low-temperature square wave modulated RF (13.56 MHz) pure silane gas. Plasma parameters such as pressure, power, modulation frequency, gas flow rate varied. In situ analysis by quadrupolar mass spectroscopy ex Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) thermal desorption spectrometry hydrogen performed. results show fundamental...

The optical properties of diprotonated meso-tetrakis(4-sulphonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS(4)) J-aggregates elongated thin particles (nanotubes in solution and ribbons when deposited on solid interfaces) are studied by different polarimetric techniques. selective light extinction these structures, which depends the alignment nanoparticle with respect to polarization light, is contributed excitonic absorption bands resonance scattering. response as a function complex because, although...