A5102806518- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Mesenchymal stem cell research
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Hereditary Neurological Disorders
- Retinopathy of Prematurity Studies
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Nerve Injury and Rehabilitation
- ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
- Dendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers
- Polymer Surface Interaction Studies
- Whipple's Disease and Interleukins
- Iron oxide chemistry and applications
Methodist Hospital
2020
Houston Methodist
2017-2020
University of Washington
2004-2017
Neurological Surgery
2001-2017
Center for Neuro-Oncology
2002-2011
Seattle University
2005
Harborview Medical Center
2003
Stony Brook University
2003
Inserm
2002
Salk Institute for Biological Studies
2000
The adult rat spinal cord contains cells that can proliferate and differentiate into astrocytes oligodendroglia in situ. Using clonal subclonal analyses we demonstrate that, contrast to progenitors isolated from the mouse with a combination of growth factors, using basic fibroblast factor alone display stem cell properties as defined by their multipotentiality self-renewal. Clonal cultures derived single founder generate neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, confirming multipotent nature...
purpose. In the context of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon degeneration in optic nerve that occurs glaucoma, microglia become activated, then phagocytic, and redistribute head. The authors investigated potential contribution activation to glaucoma progression DBA/2J chronic mouse model. methods. treated 6-week-old mice for 25 weeks with minocycline, a tetracycline derivative known reduce improve neuronal survival other models neurodegenerative disease. They quantified RGC numbers...
Abstract Neural activity is tightly coupled to energy consumption, particularly sugars such as glucose. However, we find that, unlike mature neurons and astrocytes, neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) do not require glucose sustain aerobic respiration. NSPCs within the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) express enzymes required for fatty acid oxidation show sustained increases in oxygen consumption upon treatment with a polyunsaturated acid. also demonstrate decreases etomoxir, an inhibitor of...
Elevating spinal levels of neurotrophin NT-3 (NT3) while increasing expression the NR2D subunit NMDA receptor using a HSV viral construct promotes formation novel multisynaptic projections from lateral white matter (LWM) axons to motoneurons in neonates. However, this treatment is ineffective after postnatal day 10. Because chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) restores plasticity adult CNS, we have added ChABC and applied combination rats receiving left hemisection (Hx) at T8. All hemisected animals...
Human astrocytes network with neurons in dynamic ways that are still poorly defined. Our ability to model this relationship is hampered by the lack of relevant and convenient tools recapitulate complex interaction. To address barrier, we have devised efficient coculture systems utilizing 3D organoid-like spheres, termed asteroids, containing pre-differentiated human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived (hAstros) combined generated from hPSC-derived neural cells (hNeurons) or directly induced...
Abstract Wnt/β-catenin signaling can influence the proliferation and differentiation of progenitor populations in hippocampus subventricular zone, known germinal centers adult mouse brain. It is not whether β-catenin occurs quiescent glial progenitors cortex or spinal cord, nor it involved activation after injury. Using a reporter (BATGAL mouse), we show that NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan+ (NG2) cortex, subcallosal zone (SCZ) progenitors, subependymal cells surrounding central canal....
Although neurogenesis occurs in discrete areas of the adult mammalian brain, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) produce fewer new neurons with age. To characterize molecular changes that occur during aging, we performed a proteomic comparison between primary-cultured NPCs from young and aged mouse forebrain. This analysis yielded proteins necessary for cellular metabolism. Mitochondrial quantity oxygen consumption rates decrease although mitochondrial DNA does not have increased mutation rates....
To encourage re-establishment of functional innervation ipsilateral lumbar motoneurons by descending fibers after an intervening lateral thoracic (T10) hemisection (Hx), we treated adult rats with the following agents: (i) anti-Nogo-A antibodies to neutralize growth-inhibitor Nogo-A; (ii) neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) via engineered fibroblasts promote neuron survival and plasticity; (iii) NMDA-receptor 2d (NR2d) subunit HSV-1 amplicon vector elevate NMDA receptor function reversing Mg2+ block,...
The primary transcript of the mammalian Fragile X Mental Retardation-1 gene (Fmr1), like many transcripts in central nervous system, is alternatively spliced to yield mRNAs encoding multiple proteins, which can possess quite different biochemical properties. Despite fact that relative levels 12 Fmr1 isoforms examined here vary by as much two orders magnitude amongst themselves both adult and embryonic mouse brain, all are associated with polyribosomes, consistent translation into...
Abstract Activation of glial innate immunity is widely proposed to contribute a number degenerative and destructive diseases brain. However, the precise role activated has been difficult define in vivo because multiple simultaneous pathogenic processes responses injury that confound interpretation results from complex models disease. Here, we used model intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection lipopolysaccharide (LPS) test hypothesis directly leads neurodegeneration cerebrum establish...
Adult neural progenitor cells (aNPCs) exhibit limited migration in vivo with the exception of rostral migratory stream and injury-induced movement. Surprisingly little is known regarding those signals regulating attraction or inhibition aNPC. These studies demonstrate that aNPCs respond principally to a repulsive cue expressed at embryonic floor plate (FP) also injured adult CNS. spinal cord (aSCPs) were seeded onto organotypic slice preparations intact cord. Cell assays combined genetic...
Although new neurons are produced in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of adult mammalian brain, fewer functional with increasing age. The age-related decline neurogenesis has been attributed to a decreased pool neural progenitor cells (NPCs), an increased rate cell death, and inability undergo neuronal differentiation develop synapses. time between mitotic events also hypothesized increase age, but this not directly investigated. Studying primary-cultured NPCs from young aged mouse forebrain,...
We report that neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), delivered chronically via fibroblasts implanted intrathecally into neonatal rats, can facilitate synaptic transmission in the spinal cord. A small collagen plug containing NT-3-secreting was placed on exposed dorsal surface of cord (L1) 2-d-old rats; controls received beta-galactosidase-secreting fibroblasts. After 6 hr to 12 d survival, potentials (EPSP) elicited by two inputs, L5 root and ventrolateral funiculus (VLF), were recorded intracellularly...
A multipoint, side-firing design enables an optical fiber to output light at multiple desired locations along the body. This provides advantages over traditional end-to-end fibers, especially in applications requiring bundles such as brain stimulation or remote sensing. Letter demonstrates that continuous wave (CW) laser micro-ablation can controllably create conical-shaped cavities, side windows, for outputting light. The dimensions of these cavities determine amount firing and their angle....
Several applications of nanoparticles rely on the internalization and accumulation nanocarriers in specific cell compartments tissues. However, methods currently employed for characterizing such processes, although well described, are time consuming do not provide vivo information, which is a crucial barrier towards translational applications. Here, we hypothesize that AC Biosusceptometry technique can be to assess magnetic nanoparticles, with possible screening assays track biomarkers...
Abstract Following spinal cord injury, the use of electrodes for neurostimulation in animal models has been shown to stimulate muscle movement, however, efficacy such treatment is impaired by increased interfacial impedance caused fibrous encapsulation electrode. Sputter-deposited gold-on-polyimide were modified potentiostatic electrodeposition poly(pyrrole- co -3-pyrrolylbutyrate- conj -aminoethylmethacrylate): sulfopropyl methacrylate [P(Py- -PyBA- -AEMA):SPMA] various charge densities...