J. W. Nightingale
A5035769120- Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation
- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- History and Developments in Astronomy
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Experimental and Theoretical Physics Studies
- Impact of Light on Environment and Health
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
- Computational Physics and Python Applications
- Gaussian Processes and Bayesian Inference
- Advanced Measurement and Metrology Techniques
- Neutrino Physics Research
Durham University
2018-2025
Newcastle University
2024-2025
University of Zurich
2023
Marconi University
2023
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati
2023
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli
2023
Centre de Recerca Matemàtica
2023
University of Nottingham
2014-2018
Nuffield Foundation
1955
Abstract We present the survey design, implementation, and outlook for COSMOS-Web, a 255 hr treasury program conducted by James Webb Space Telescope in its first cycle of observations. COSMOS-Web is contiguous 0.54 deg 2 NIRCam imaging four filters (F115W, F150W, F277W, F444W) that will reach 5 σ point-source depths ranging ∼27.5–28.2 mag. In parallel, we obtain 0.19 MIRI one filter (F770W) reaching ∼25.3–26.0 build on rich heritage multiwavelength observations data products available COSMOS...
This work presents AutoLens, the first entirely automated modeling suite for analysis of galaxy-scale strong gravitational lenses. AutoLens simultaneously models lens galaxy's light and mass whilst reconstructing extended source galaxy on an adaptive pixel-grid. The method's approach to source-plane discretization is amorphous, adapting its clustering regularization intrinsic properties lensed source. lens's fitted using a superposition Sersic functions, allowing cleanly deblend from...
We have modelled Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) long baseline imaging of the strong gravitational lens system H-ATLAS J090311.6+003906 (SDP.81). reconstructed distribution band 6 and 7 continuum emission in z=3.042 source we determined its kinematic properties by reconstructing CO(5-4) CO(8-7) line bands 4 6. The reveals a highly non-uniform dust with clumps on scales 200 pc. In contrast, CO shows relatively smooth, disk-like velocity field which is well fit rotating...
Recent cosmic shear studies have shown that higher-order statistics (HOS) developed by independent teams now outperform standard two-point estimators in terms of statistical precision thanks to their sensitivity the non-Gaussian features large-scale structure. The aim Higher-Order Weak Lensing Statistics (HOWLS) project is assess, compare, and combine constraining power ten different HOS on a common set $Euclid$-like mocks, derived from N-body simulations. In this first paper HOWLS series,...
ABSTRACT The distribution of mass in galaxy-scale strong gravitational lenses is often modelled as an elliptical power-law plus ‘external shear’, which notionally accounts for neighbouring galaxies and cosmic shear along our line sight. A small amount external could come from these sources, but we show that the vast majority does not. Except a handful rare systems, best-fitting values do not correlate with independent measurements line-of-sight shear: weak lensing 45 Hubble Space Telescope...
This paper presents the specification, design, and development of Visible Camera (VIS) on European Space Agency's mission. VIS is a large optical-band imager with field view 0.54 deg$^2$ sampled at an array 609 Megapixels spatial resolution . It will be used to survey approximately 14 000 extragalactic sky measure distortion galaxies in redshift range $z=0.1$--1.5 resulting from weak gravitational lensing, one two principal cosmology probes leveraged by With photometric redshifts,...
Abstract We examine the morphological and kinematical properties of SPT-2147, a strongly lensed, massive, dusty, star-forming galaxy at z = 3.762. Combining data from JWST, HST, ALMA, we study galaxy’s stellar emission, dust continuum gas properties. The imaging reveals central bar structure in stars embedded within an extended disc with spiral arm-like feature. kinematics confirm presence regularly rotating disc. Dynamical modeling yields dynamical mass, Mdyn (9.7 ± 2.0) × 1010 M⊙, maximum...
We exploit long-baseline ALMA sub-mm observations of the lensed star-forming galaxy SDP 81 at z=3.042 to investigate properties inter-stellar medium on scales 50-100pc. The kinematics CO gas within this system are well described by a rotationally-supported disk with an inclination-corrected rotation speed, v=320+/-20km/s and dynamical mass M=(3.5+/-1.0)x10^10Mo radius 1.5 kpc. is rich unstable, Toomre parameter, Q=0.30+/-0.10 so should collapse in regions Jeans length L_J~130pc. identify...
We present a new pixelized method for the inversion of gravitationally lensed extended source images which we term adaptive semi-linear (SLI). At heart is an h-means clustering algorithm used to derive plane pixelization that adapts lens model magnification. The distinguishing feature SLI every derived from random initialization, ensuring data discretization performed in completely different and unique way parameter set. compare standard on fixed pixel grid with demonstrate shortcomings...
Abstract We report the results of searches for strong gravitational lens systems in Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification and Year 1 observations. The data span approximately 250 sq. deg. with a median i -band limiting magnitude extended objects (10 σ ) 23.0. 2000 have an 22.9. As these sets are both wide deep, they particularly useful identifying candidates. Potential candidate were initially identified based on color selection DES object catalogs or because system is at location...
Strong gravitational lensing, which can make a background source galaxy appears multiple times due to its light rays being deflected by the mass of one or more foreground lens galaxies, provides astronomers with powerful tool study dark matter, cosmology and most distant Universe.PyAutoLens is an open-source Python 3.6+ package for strong core features including fully automated modeling galaxies clusters, support direct imaging interferometer datasets comprehensive tools simulating samples...
Observations suggest that the dark matter and stars in early-type galaxies `conspire' to produce a surprisingly simple distribution of total mass, $\rho(r)\propto\rho^{-\gamma}$, with $\gamma\approx2$. We measure mass 48 gravitationally lens resolved background source. By fitting source light every pixel images from Hubble Space Telescope, we find mean $\langle\gamma\rangle=2.075_{-0.024}^{+0.023}$ intrinsic scatter between $\sigma_\gamma=0.172^{+0.022}_{-0.032}$ for overall sample. This is...
Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are a key catalyst of galaxy formation and evolution, leading to an observed correlation between SMBH mass $M_{\rm BH}$ host velocity dispersion $\sigma_{\rm e}$. Outside the local Universe, measurements usually only possible for SMBHs in active state: limiting sample size introducing selection biases. Gravitational lensing makes it measure non-active SMBHs. We present models $z=0.169$ galaxy-scale strong lens Abell~1201. A cD cluster, has sufficient...
Context . The future Euclid space satellite mission will offer an invaluable opportunity to constrain modifications Einstein’s general relativity at cosmic scales. In this paper, we focus on modified gravity models characterised, linear scales, by a scale-independent growth of perturbations while featuring different testable types derivative screening mechanisms smaller non-linear Aims We considered three specific models, namely Jordan-Brans-Dicke, scalar-tensor theory with flat potential,...
We have determined the mass-density radial profiles of first five strong gravitational lens systems discovered by Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS). present an enhancement semi-linear inversion method Warren & Dye which allows simultaneous reconstruction several different wavebands and apply this to dual-band imaging lenses acquired with Hubble Space Telescope. The analysed here redshifts span a range, 0.22<z<0.94. Our findings are consistent other studies...
ABSTRACT The distribution of dark and luminous matter can be mapped around galaxies that gravitationally lens background objects into arcs or Einstein rings. New surveys will soon observe hundreds thousands galaxy lenses current labour-intensive analysis methods not scale up to this challenge. We develop an automatic Bayesian method, which we use fit a sample 59 imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope. set out leave no behind focus on ways in automated fits fail small handful lenses, describing...
A fundamental prediction of the cold dark matter (CDM) model structure formation is existence a vast population haloes extending to subsolar masses. By contrast, other models, such as warm thermal relic (WDM), predict cutoff in mass function at which, for popular lies approximately between $10^7$ and $10^{10}~{\rm M}_\odot$. We use mock observations demonstrate viability forward modelling approach extract information about low-mass lying along line-of-sight galaxy-galaxy strong lenses. This...
Nearly a century ago, Edwin Hubble famously classified galaxies into three distinct groups: ellipticals, spirals and irregulars (Hubble, 1926).Today, by analysing millions of with advanced image processing techniques Astronomers have expanded on this picture revealed the rich diversity galaxy morphology in both nearby distant Universe (Kormendy, 2015;Van Der Wel et al., 2012;Vulcani 2014).PyAutoGalaxy is an open-source Python 3.8+ package for morphologies structures large multiwavelength...
ABSTRACT The cold dark matter (DM) model predicts that every galaxy contains thousands of DM subhaloes; almost all other models include a physical process smooths away the subhaloes. subhaloes are invisible, but could be detected via strong gravitational lensing, if they lie on line sight to multiply imaged background source, and perturb its apparent shape. We present predominantly automated lens analysis framework, scan for in Hubble Space Telescope imaging 54 lenses. identify five subhalo...
This work considers which higher order modeling effects on the cosmic shear angular power spectra must be taken into account for Euclid . We identified relevant terms and quantified their individual cumulative impact cosmological parameter inferences from computed values of these using analytic expressions calculated estimations Fisher matrix formalism. reviewed 24 determined ones that potentially need to accounted for, namely: reduced approximation, magnification bias, source-lens...
We investigate how strong gravitational lensing can test contemporary models of massive elliptical (ME) galaxy formation, by combining a traditional decomposition their visible stellar distribution with analysis mass distribution. As proof concept, we study sample three ME lenses, observing that all are composed two distinct baryonic structures, `red' central bulge surrounded an extended envelope material. Whilst these components look photometrically similar, effects permit clean structure....
Using ALMA, we report high angular-resolution observations of the redshift z=3.63 galaxy, G09v1.97, one most luminous strongly lensed galaxies discovered by H-ATLAS survey. We present 0"2-0"4 resolution images rest-frame 188 and 419$\mu$m dust continuum CO(6-5), H2O(211-202) J=2 H2O+ line emission. also detection H$_2^{18}$O in this source. The molecular gas emission are resolved into a nearly complete ~1"5 diameter Einstein ring plus weaker image center, which is caused special dual...
The distribution of mass in galaxy-scale strong gravitational lenses is often modelled as an elliptical power law plus 'external shear', which notionally accounts for neighbouring galaxies and cosmic shear. We show that it does not. Except a handful rare systems, the best-fit values external shear do not correlate with independent measurements shear: from weak lensing 45 Hubble Space Telescope images, or 50 mock images complex distributions mass. Instead, aligned major minor axis 88% lens...
Gravitational lenses can magnify distant galaxies, allowing us to discover and characterize the stellar populations of intrinsically faint, quiescent galaxies that are otherwise extremely difficult directly observe at high redshift from ground-based telescopes. Here, we present spectral analysis two lensed, $z\gtrsim 1$ discovered by ASTRO 3D Galaxy Evolution with Lenses survey: AGEL1323 ($M_*\sim 10^{11.1}M_{\odot}$, $z=1.016$, $\mu \sim 14.6$) AGEL0014 10^{11.5}M_{\odot}$, $z=1.374$,...
Aims. We provide an in-depth analysis of the COSMOS-Web ring, Einstein ring at z ≈ 2 that we serendipitously discovered during data reduction survey and could be most distant lens to date. Methods. extracted visible near-infrared photometry source from more than 25 bands. combined these observations with far-infrared detections study dusty nature derived photometric redshifts physical properties both three different spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting codes. Using JWST/NIRCam images,...