A5006357527- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Sex work and related issues
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Issues
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Urologic and reproductive health conditions
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Genital Health and Disease
Rakai Health Sciences Program
2010-2024
University of Nairobi
2022-2023
Uganda Virus Research Institute
2010-2023
BackgroundInternational and global organisations advocate targeting interventions to areas of high HIV prevalence (ie, hotspots). To better understand the potential benefits geo-targeted control, we assessed extent which hotspots along Lake Victoria sustain transmission in neighbouring populations south-central Uganda.MethodsWe did a population-based survey Rakai, Uganda, using data from Rakai Community Cohort Study. The study surveyed all individuals aged 15–49 years four high-prevalence...
Abstract To prevent new infections with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in sub-Saharan Africa, UNAIDS recommends targeting interventions to populations that are at high risk of acquiring and passing on the virus. Yet it is often unclear who where these ‘source’ are. Here we demonstrate how viral deep-sequencing can be used reconstruct HIV-1 transmission networks infer direction networks. We able deep-sequence from a large population-based sample infected individuals Rakai...
Abstract Disclosure of HIV sero-positive results among HIV-discordant couples in sub-Saharan Africa is generally low. We describe a facilitated couple counselling approach to enhance disclosure couples. Using unique identifiers, 293 were identified through retrospective linkage married or cohabiting consenting adults individually enrolled into cohort study and two randomised trials male circumcision Rakai, Uganda. random sample HIV-infected concordant HIV-negative (to mask status) invited...
ABSTRACT Background There are limited population-level data on the pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) care continuum in eastern Africa. Here, we assessed PrEP following rollout a Ugandan community with ∼40% HIV seroprevalence. Methods We used cross-sectional population-based collected between September 3 and December 19, 2018 from Lake Victoria fishing southern Uganda to measure levels of self-reported knowledge, ever use, discontinuation 2017 via U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief...
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has a bidirectional relationship with HIV infection. Researchers from the Rakai Health Sciences Program (RHSP), an research and services organization in rural Uganda, conducted combination IPV prevention intervention called Safe Homes Respect for Everyone (SHARE) Project between 2005 2009. SHARE was associated significant declines physical sexual overall incidence, its model could be adopted as promising practice other settings. In this article we describe how...
The efficacy of voluntary male medical circumcision (VMMC) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention in men was demonstrated 3 randomized trials. This led to the adoption VMMC as an integral component United States President's Emergency Plan AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) combination HIV program sub-Saharan Africa. However, evidence on individual-level effectiveness programs real-world, programmatic settings is limited.
Uptake of couples’ HIV counseling and testing (couples’ HCT) services remains largely low in most settings. We report the effect a demand-creation intervention trial on HCT uptake among married or cohabiting individuals who had never received HCT. This was cluster-randomized implemented three study regions with differing prevalence levels (range: 9–43 %) Rakai district, southwestern Uganda, between February September 2014. randomly assigned six clusters (1:1) to receive serve as comparison...
Alcohol use, intimate partner violence (IPV) and HIV infection are associated, but few programmes interventions have addressed their synergistic relationship or been evaluated for effectiveness acceptability. This is a critical gap in populations with high rates of alcohol IPV, such as Uganda's fishing communities. study examined drinking norms, barriers facilitators to engagement risk reduction programme, ideas tailoring. Results showed that use common villages. While men women drink,...
Abstract Introduction Disclosure of HIV status to children living with is one the first steps towards realization managing as a chronic disease. This study explored perspectives and experiences healthcare providers regarding disclosure taking daily ART in Masaka region Uganda. Methods was cross-sectional qualitative that purposively selected offering care treatment aged 12-17 for at least 6 months from clinics before study. Data collected 18 key informant interviews (KIIs) between October...
Background In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), disclosure of HIV status to children remains low. Few studies have examined how navigate and come terms with their status. The aim this study was explore experiences about Methods Between October 2020 July 2021, 18 purposively selected aged between 12–17 whose had been disclosed them by caregivers or healthcare providers (HCPs) were recruited for study. We conducted in-depth interviews (IDIs) collect data Data analyzed using the semantic thematic...
The World Health Organization recommends that HIV counseling and testing (HCT) programs implement strategies to address how intimate partner violence (IPV) influences women’s ability protect themselves from seek care treatment for infection. We discuss the process used adapt a screening brief intervention (SBI) female clients of HCT services in Rakai, Uganda—a setting with high prevalence both IPV. By outlining our collaborative adapting implementing SBI Rakai training counselors its use, we...
Individuals who communicate their HIV diagnosis to sexual partners may be at increased risk of intimate partner violence (IPV). The authors examined past year self-reported IPV associated with communication and other factors, in a sample 679 sexually active; HIV-positive individuals age 18 49, received results posttest counselling 12 months or more prior the survey Rakai, Uganda, using log-binomial multivariable regression. rates verbal physical abuse among married were significantly higher...
This study explored sociocultural influencers of disclosure HIV status to children taking daily antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the Masaka region, Uganda using data collected from 26 key informant interviews with caregivers between October 2020 and July 2021. The findings revealed both positive negative disclosure. Beliefs that cultivates responsibility child improve ART adherence culture routine sexual health education conversations were socio-cultural influencers. increases children's loss...
HIV-infected children are now living into adolescence and early adulthood in large numbers due to the availability increased use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, receipt HIV status disclosure among remains low. We assessed association between adherence ART Masaka region Uganda using multivariable logistic regression with generalised linear models Poisson log-link function robust variance Stata software version 15.1. Data were collected from 524 assenting aged 12-17 years March...