Abstract NPS6, encoding a nonribosomal peptide synthetase, is virulence determinant in the maize (Zea mays) pathogen Cochliobolus heterostrophus and involved tolerance to H2O2. Deletion of NPS6 orthologs rice (Oryza sativa) pathogen, miyabeanus, wheat (Triticum aestivum) Fusarium graminearum, Arabidopsis thaliana Alternaria brassicicola, resulted reduced hypersensitivity Introduction ortholog from saprobe Neurospora crassa Δnps6 strain C. restored wild-type H2O2, demonstrating functional...

Four Streptomyces species have been described as the causal agents of scab disease, which affects economically important root and tuber crops worldwide. These produce a family cyclic dipeptides, thaxtomins, alone mimic disease symptomatology. Structural considerations suggest that thaxtomins are synthesized non‐ribosomally. Degenerate oligonucleotide primers were used to amplify conserved portions acyladenylation module peptide synthetase genes from genomic DNA representatives four species....

Abstract Plastoglobules (PGs) are plastid lipid-protein particles. This study examines the function of PG-localized kinases ABC1K1 and ABC1K3 in Arabidopsis thaliana. Several lines evidence suggested that form a protein complex. Null mutants for both genes (abc1k1 abc1k3) double mutant (k1 k3) displayed rapid chlorosis upon high light stress. Also, k1 k3 showed slower, but irreversible, senescence-like phenotype during moderate stress was phenocopied by drought nitrogen limitation, not cold...

Abstract Swainsonine—a cytotoxic fungal alkaloid and a potential cancer therapy drug—is produced by the insect pathogen plant symbiont Metarhizium robertsii, clover Slafractonia leguminicola, locoweed symbionts belonging to Alternaria sect. Undifilum, recently discovered morning glory order Chaetothyriales. Genome sequence analyses revealed that these fungi share orthologous gene clusters, designated “SWN,” which included multifunctional swnK comprising predicted adenylylation...

Destruxins (DTXs) are cyclic depsipeptides produced by many Metarhizium isolates that have long been assumed to contribute virulence of these entomopathogenic fungi. We evaluated the 20 against insect larvae and measured concentration DTXs A, B, E same in submerged (shaken) cultures. Eight (ARSEF 324, 724, 760, 1448, 1882, 1883, 3479, 3918) did not produce or during five days culture. were first detected culture medium at 2–3 Galleria mellonella Tenebrio molitor showed considerable variation...

ABSTRACT The biosynthesis of the thaxtomin cyclic dipeptide phytotoxins proceeds nonribosomally via thiotemplate mechanism. Acyladenylation, thioesterification, N -methylation, and cyclization two amino acid substrates are catalyzed by txtAB -encoded synthetase. Nucleotide sequence analysis region 3′ in Streptomyces acidiscabies 84.104 identified an open reading frame (ORF) encoding a homolog P450 monooxygenase gene family. It was proposed that A phenylalanyl hydroxylation homolog. ORF...

Connections between fungal development and secondary metabolism have been reported previously, but as yet, no comprehensive analysis of a family metabolites their possible role in has reported. In the present study, mutant strains heterothallic ascomycete Cochliobolus heterostrophus, each lacking one 12 genes (NPS1 to NPS12) encoding nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS), were examined for sexual development. One type strain (Delta nps2) was defective ascus/ascospore homozygous Delta nps2...

Two new cyclic heptapeptides, serinocyclins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from conidia of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. Structures elucidated by a combination mass spectrometric, NMR, X-ray diffraction techniques. Serinocyclin contains three serine units, hydroxyproline (Hyp), β-alanine (β-Ala), two uncommon nonproteinogenic amino acids, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (Acc) γ-hydroxylysine (HyLys). The peptide sequence established for 1 NMR is...

Two new insecticidal cyclic depsipeptides, destruxins A4 (1) and A5 (2), were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation of organic extracts from an undescribed species entomopathogenic fungus the genus Aschersonia. Another previously identified but related compound, homodestruxin B (3), was also as a product this fungus. The chemical structures 1−3 determined based on analysis NMR mass spectral data. In common with novel compounds (2) have MeIle moiety in place MeVal residue more typically...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructures of the efrapeptins: potent inhibitors mitochondrial ATPase from fungus Tolypocladium niveumSandeep Gupta, Stuart B. Krasnoff, Donald W. Roberts, J. A. Renwick, Linda S. Brinen, and Jon ClardyCite this: Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 2, 707–709Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January...

Four different colored beans (white, red, pinto, and black beans) were investigated for factors affecting iron bioavailability using an in vitro digestion/human Caco-2 cell model. Iron from whole beans, dehulled their hulls was determined. The results show that white contained higher levels of bioavailable compared to beans. These differences not due bean-iron bean-phytate concentrations. Flavonoids the bean found be contributing low non-white White no detectable flavonoids but did contain...

Videotaped records of house flies dying from infection with the fungus Entomophthora muscae showed that typically die on fourth or fifth day post-infection in elevated positions, proboscis extended and attached to substrate, legs spread, abdomen angled away substrate wings raised above thorax. Four events occurring before shortly after death were identified, last locomotory movement (LM), extension (PD), start upward wing (WS) end (WU). Progression through this sequence was essentially...

A 3D look at 2D spectra: Two previously unreported indole alkaloids could be rapidly identified from a library of unfractionated fungal extracts by using newly developed protocol for the differential analysis arrays NMR spectra (see picture). The technique thus represents an effective tool non-discriminatory characterization secondary-metabolite mixtures. Supporting information this article is available on WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z603821_s.pdf or author....

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTViridoxins A and B: novel toxins from the fungus Metarhizium flavovirideSandeep Gupta, Stuart B. Krasnoff, J. A. Renwick, Donald W. Roberts, Jorge Rios Steiner, Jon ClardyCite this: Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 5, 1062–1067Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00057a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00057a017research-articleACS...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of efrapeptins from the fungus Tolypocladium niveum: peptide inhibitors mitochondrial ATPaseSandeep Gupta, Stuart B. Krasnoff, Donald W. Roberts, J. A. Renwick, Linda S. Brinen, and Jon ClardyCite this: Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 8, 2306–2313Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April...

NG-391 (1) and NG-393 (2), previously reported from undescribed Fusarium species as nerve-cell growth stimulants, were identified fermentation extracts of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. These compounds are 7-desmethyl analogues fusarin C (8Z)-fusarin C, mutagenic toxins that contaminate corn. A mutant strain M. anisopliae (KOB1-3) overproduces 1 2 by ca. 10-fold relative to wild-type strain, ARSEF 2575, which it was derived. Overproduction these in KOB1-3 imparts a...