Large-scale brain dynamics are characterized by repeating spatiotemporal connectivity patterns that reflect a range of putative different states underlie the dynamic repertoire functions. The role transition between networks is poorly understood, and whether switching these important for behavior has been little studied. Our aim was to model functional using multilayer network methods test associations parameters behavioral measures. We calculated time-resolved fMRI in 1,003 healthy human...

Focal epilepsy is conceived of as activating local areas the brain well engaging regional networks. Graph theory represents a powerful quantitative framework for investigation Here we investigate whether functional network changes are present in extratemporal focal epilepsy. Task-free magnetic resonance imaging data from 15 subjects with and 26 age gender matched healthy controls were used analysis. Local properties calculated using efficiency, clustering coefficient modularity metrics....

Abstract Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a prevalent and disabling mental health condition, characterized by excessive fear in social situations. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigms have been increasingly used to understand the neurobiological underpinnings of SAD absence threat-related stimuli. Previous studies primarily focused on role amygdala SAD. However, consists functionally structurally distinct subregions, recent highlighted importance investigating...

It has been hypothesized that resting state networks (RSNs), extracted from functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI), likely display unique temporal complexity fingerprints, quantified by their multiscale entropy patterns (McDonough and Nashiro, 2014). This is a hypothesis with potential capacity for developing digital biomarkers of normal brain function, as well pathological dysfunction. Nevertheless, limitation McDonough Nashiro (2014) was rsfMRI data only 20 healthy individuals used...

The brain operates in a complex way. temporal complexity underlying macroscopic and spontaneous network activity is still to be understood. In this study, we explored the brain’s by combining functional connectivity, graph theory, entropy analyses 25 healthy people using task-free magnetic resonance imaging. We calculated pairwise instantaneous phase synchrony between 8,192 nodes for total of 200 time points. This resulted graphs which series clustering coefficients (the “cliquiness” node)...

Focal epilepsy is characterised by paroxysmal events, reflecting changes in underlying local brain networks. To capture network activity at the maximal temporal resolution of acquired functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, we have previously developed a novel analysis framework called Dynamic Regional Phase Synchrony (DRePS). DRePS measures instantaneous mean phase coherence within neighbourhoods voxels. We use it here to examine how dynamics connections regional networks are...

Both natural and engineered networks are often modular. Whether a network node interacts with only nodes from its own module or multiple modules provides insight into functional role. The participation coefficient (PC) is typically used to measure this attribute, although value also depends on the size connectedness of it belongs may lead nonintuitive identification highly connected nodes. Here, we develop normalized PC that reduces influence intramodular connectivity compared conventional...

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), often called concussion, is a prevalent condition that can have significant implications for people's health, functioning and well-being. Current clinical practice relies on self-reported symptoms to guide decision-making regarding return sport, employment, education. Unfortunately, reliance subjective evaluations may fail accurately reflect the resolution of neuropathology, exposing individuals with mTBI an increased risk further head trauma. No objective...

Abstract Despite vulnerability to microstructural tissue damage following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), key subcortical regions have been overlooked in quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) studies. Alterations composition the functionally and structurally distinct hippocampal subfields basal ganglia may reflect symptomatology, better characterisation of these is needed in-crease our understanding mTBI pathophysiology. To address this issue, we used magnetic source-separated QSM...

Abstract Quantitative susceptibility mapping has been applied to map brain iron distribution after mild traumatic injury understand properties of neural tissue which may be related cellular dyshomeostasis. However, this is a heterogeneous associated with microstructural changes, and ‘traditional’ group-wise statistical approaches lead loss clinically relevant information, as subtle alterations at the individual level can obscured by averages confounded within-group variability. More precise...

Introduction: The primary psychoactive component in marijuana is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which acts on receptors, such as cannabinoid 1 (CB1), that are distributed broadly throughout the brain. THC interferes with synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis impacts brain's macrostructure, specifically white matter where CB1 receptors abundant. current study aims to investigate whether callosal morphology differs depending individuals have no previous experience marijuana, little experience, or...

Objectives: This study examined the impact of a single season rugby union - and subsequent exposure to head acceleration events (HAEs) on functional connectivity in adolescent males compared non-collision sport athletes. Methods: Resting-state MRI scans were acquired from 72 players 20 The cohort scanned longitudinally throughout season. Voxel-wise maps (FC) for 15 resting-state brain networks generated 178 datasets. Cross-sectional comparisons performed between at different stages group....

Abstract Evidence has linked head trauma to increased risk factors for neuropathology, including mechanical deformation of the sulcal fundus and, later, perivascular accumulation hyperphosphorylated tau adjacent these spaces related chronic traumatic encephalopathy. However, little is known about microstructural abnormalities and cellular dyshomeostasis in acute mild brain injury humans, particularly cortex. To address this gap, we designed first architectonically motivated quantitative...

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a common condition, particularly pervasive in contact sports environments. A range of symptoms can accompany this type and negatively impact people's lives. As mTBI diagnosis recovery largely rely on subjective reports, more objective markers are needed. The current study compared structural MRI-T2 relaxometry between group 40 male athletes with within 14 days age-matched controls. Voxel-averaged T2 the gray matter was increased for to controls (p <...

Abstract Dynamic functional brain connectivity analysis is a fast expanding field in computational neuroscience research with the promise of elucidating network interactions. Sliding temporal window based approaches are commonly used order to explore dynamic behavior networks task‐free magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. However, low effective resolution sliding methods fail capture full dynamics activity at each time point. These also require subjective decisions regarding size and...

Abstract The amygdala is important for human fear processing. However, recent research has failed to reveal specificity, with evidence that the also responds other emotions. A more nuanced understanding of amygdala's role in emotion processing, particularly relating fear, needed given importance effective emotional functioning everyday function and mental health. We studied 86 healthy participants (44 females), aged 18–49 (mean 26.12 ± 6.6) years, who underwent multiband functional magnetic...

Psychologists are at known risk of work-related stress, secondary trauma, and burnout. The COVID-19 pandemic increased stress anxiety for communities worldwide corresponded with an demand mental health services. Our study investigated the impact on psychologists' professional quality life, psychological symptoms, in Aotearoa, New Zealand (NZ).

ABSTRACT Evidence has linked head trauma to increased risk factors for neuropathology, including acute mechanical deformation of the cortical sulcal fundus and, later, perivascular accumulation hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) adjacent these spaces related chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Despite this, little is known about microstructural abnormalities and cellular dyshomeostasis at stage mild brain injury (mTBI) in humans, particularly cortex. To address this gap literature, we...

Individuals with focal epilepsy have heterogeneous sites of seizure origin. However, there may be brain regions that are common to most cases intractable epilepsy. In this study, we aim identify these using multivariate analysis task-free functional MRI. Fourteen subjects extratemporal and 14 healthy controls were included in the study. Task-free MRI data used calculate voxel-wise regional connectivity homogeneity (ReHo) weighted degree centrality (DCw), addition activity fraction amplitude...

Approximate entropy (ApEn) and sample (SampEn) are widely used for temporal complexity analysis of real-world phenomena. However, their relationship with the Hurst exponent as a measure self-similarity is not studied. Additionally, ApEn SampEn susceptible to signal amplitude changes. A common practice addressing this issue correct input by its standard deviation. In study, we first show, using simulations, that related in tolerance r embedding dimension m parameters. We then propose...