A5090640254- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Reading and Literacy Development
- Memory Processes and Influences
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Human-Automation Interaction and Safety
- Spatial Neglect and Hemispheric Dysfunction
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes
- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Multisensory perception and integration
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Health and Well-being Studies
- Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies
- Face Recognition and Perception
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Creativity in Education and Neuroscience
Duke University
2013-2025
Duke University Hospital
2015-2025
Duke Medical Center
2015-2025
Imaging Center
2015-2024
Cognitive Research (United States)
2023
University of California, Davis
1977-2022
Pomona College
2018
University Medical Center
2008-2014
Deaconess Hospital
1995
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
1988
Although it is being successfully implemented for exploration of the genome, discovery science has eluded functional neuroimaging community. The core challenge remains development common paradigms interrogating myriad systems in brain without constraints a priori hypotheses. Resting-state MRI (R-fMRI) constitutes candidate approach capable addressing this challenge. Imaging during rest reveals large-amplitude spontaneous low-frequency (<0.1 Hz) fluctuations fMRI signal that are temporally...
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures diffusion of molecular water, which can be used to calculate indices white matter integrity. Early DTI studies aging primarily focused on two global integrity; the average rate (mean diffusivity, MD) and orientation coherence (fractional anisotropy, FA) diffusion. More recent have added water movement parallel (axial AD) perpendicular (radial RD) primary direction, are thought reflect neural bases age differences in (i.e., axonal shrinkage...
Journal Article Cardiovascular and Behavioral Effects of Aerobic Exercise Training in Healthy Older Men Women Get access James A. Blumenthal, Blumenthal 1Department Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center2Department Medicine, Center Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Charles F. Emery, Emery David J. Madden, Madden 3Center the Study Aging Human Development, Linda K. George, George R. Edward Coleman, Coleman 2Department Margaret W. Riddle, Riddle...
Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to study the effects of healthy aging on hippocampal and rhinal memory functions. Memory for past events can be based retrieval accompanied by specific contextual details (recollection) or feeling that an event is old new without recovery (familiarity). There evidence recollection more dependent hippocampus, whereas familiarity cortex, has greater than familiarity. However, little available about neural correlates these effects....
To investigate the neural basis of age-related source memory (SM) deficits, young and older adults were scanned with fMRI while encoding faces, scenes, face-scene pairs. Successful activity was identified by comparing for subsequently remembered versus forgotten items or Age deficits in successful hippocampal prefrontal regions more pronounced SM (pairs) as compared item (faces scenes). Age-related reductions also found specialized processing faces (fusiform face area) scenes...
Adult age differences are frequently observed in the performance of memory tasks, but changes neural function mediating these largely unknown. We used H215O positron emission tomography (PET) to measure regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during Encoding, Baseline, and Retrieval conditions a recognition task. Twelve young adults (20–29 years) 12 older (62–79 participated. During each task condition, participants made two-choice manual response 64 words. Analyses data yielded evidence...
Abstract Previous research has established that age-related decline occurs in measures of cerebral white matter integrity, but the role this cognitive changes is not clear. To conclude integrity a mediating (causal) contribution, it necessary to demonstrate statistical control matter–cognition relation reduces magnitude age–cognition relation. In research, we tested context task-switching paradigm involving word categorization. Participants were 20 healthy, community-dwelling older adults...
Older adults are often slower and less accurate than younger in performing visual-search tasks, suggesting an age-related decline attentional functioning. Age-related attention, however, is not entirely pervasive. Visual search that based on the observer's expectations (i.e., top-down attention) relatively preserved as a function of adult age. Neuroimaging research suggests occurs structure brain regions mediating visual sensory input, whereas activation frontal parietal lobes greater for...
The purpose of this study was to determine the psychological, behavioral, and cognitive changes associated with up 14 months aerobic exercise training. For first 4 study, 101 older (greater than 60 years) men women were randomly assigned one three conditions: Aerobic exercise, Yoga, or a Waiting List control group. Before following intervention, all subjects completed comprehensive assessment battery, including measures mood functioning. A semi-crossover design employed such that, completion...
The authors identify a new syndrome of family violence--parent battering. Relevant dynamics include individual characteristics the parent batterer, distortions in generational authority hierarchy, role secrets and denial, cultural influences. conclude, on basis their clinical work with these families, that this subtype violence is distinct from child spouse abuse.
Older adults, compared to younger focus on emotional well-being. While the lifespan trajectory of processing and its regulation has been characterized behaviorally, few studies have investigated underlying neural mechanisms. Here, older adults (range: 59–73 years) 19–33 participated in a cognitive reappraisal task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning. On each trial, participants viewed positive, negative or neutral pictures either naturally experienced image...
Two experiments investigated adult age differences in episodic and semantic long-term memory tasks, as a test of the hypothesis specific age-related decline context memory. Older adults were slower exhibited lower accuracy than younger adults. Fits diffusion model (R. Ratcliff, 1978) revealed increases non-decisional reaction time for both retrieval. In Experiment 2, an difference boundary separation also indicated increase conservative criterion setting. For old-new recognition (Experiment...
Decision making under risk changes with age. Increases in aversion age have been most commonly characterized, although older adults may be seeking some decision contexts. An important, and unanswered, question is whether these reflect a direct effect of aging or, alternatively, an indirect caused by age-related specific cognitive processes. In the current study, (M = 71 years) younger 24 completed battery tests capacities decision-making preferences. The results indicated systematic effects...
Contralateral recruitment remains a controversial phenomenon in both the clinical and normative populations. To investigate neural correlates of this phenomenon, we explored tendency for older adults to recruit prefrontal cortex (PFC) regions contralateral those most active younger adults. Participants were scanned with diffusion tensor imaging functional magnetic rresonance during lateralized word matching task (unilateral vs. bilateral). Cross-hemispheric communication was measured...
Abstract: Neuroimaging research suggests that cerebral white matter (WM) integrity, as reflected in fractional anisotropy (FA) via diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), is decreased older adults, especially the prefrontal regions of brain. Behavioral investigations cognitive functioning suggest some aspects cognition may be better preserved adults who possess higher levels aerobic fitness. There are only a few studies, however, investigating potential mechanisms for improvements Our study greater...