A5066215490- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- 14-3-3 protein interactions
- Blood donation and transfusion practices
- S100 Proteins and Annexins
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- MRI in cancer diagnosis
- Genomics and Rare Diseases
- Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Health and Medical Research Impacts
Stanford University
2008-2025
Lucile Packard Children's Hospital
2021
Stanford Medicine
2021
Child Neurology Associates
2020
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2008-2014
Palo Alto University
2013
Christian Health Association of Malawi
1989-1993
Abstract Self-organizing neural organoids represent a promising in vitro platform with which to model human development and disease 1–5 . However, lack the connectivity that exists vivo, limits maturation makes integration other circuits control behaviour impossible. Here we show stem cell-derived cortical transplanted into somatosensory cortex of newborn athymic rats develop mature cell types integrate sensory motivation-related circuits. MRI reveals post-transplantation organoid growth...
Activity-dependent myelination can fine-tune neural network dynamics. Conversely, aberrant neuronal activity, as occurs in disorders of recurrent seizures (epilepsy), could promote maladaptive myelination, contributing to pathogenesis. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that activity-dependent resulting from absence seizures, which manifest frequent behavioral arrests with generalized electroencephalography (EEG) spike-wave discharges, thalamocortical hypersynchrony and contribute...
Oligomeric forms of amyloid-beta (Abeta) are thought to play a causal role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) has been implicated Abeta-induced neurodegeneration. To further define functions p75(NTR) AD, we examined interaction oligomeric Abeta(1-42) with p75(NTR), effects that on neurite integrity neuron cultures chronic AD mouse model. Atomic force microscopy was used ascertain aggregated state Abeta, fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis...
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) is associated with multiple mechanisms linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD); hence, modulating its function might confer therapeutic effects. In previous in vitro work, we developed small molecule p75(NTR) ligands that inhibited amyloid-β-induced degenerative signaling and prevented neurite degeneration. the present study, a prototype ligand, LM11A-31, was administered orally Thy-1 hAPP(Lond/Swe) (APP(L/S)) AD mouse model. LM11A-31 reached brain...
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) is expressed by neurons particularly vulnerable in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We tested the hypothesis that non-peptide, small molecule p75(NTR) ligands found to promote survival signaling might prevent Abeta-induced degeneration and synaptic dysfunction. These inhibited neuritic dystrophy, death of cultured pyramidal hippocampal slice cultures. Moreover, activation molecules involved AD pathology including calpain/cdk5, GSK3beta c-Jun, tau...
Degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons contributes significantly to the cognitive deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and has been attributed aberrant signaling through neurotrophin receptor p75 (p75NTR). Thus, modulating p75NTR is considered a promising therapeutic strategy for AD. Accordingly, our laboratory developed small molecule ligands that increase survival inhibit amyloid-β-induced degenerative in vitro studies. Previous work found lead ligand, LM11A-31,...
Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be sensitive to tissue microstructural features and infer parameterized by performing a voxel-wise fit of the signal biophysical model. However, models rely on simplified representations brain tissue. Machine learning (ML) techniques may serve as data-driven approach optimize for feature extraction. Unfortunately, training an ML model these applications requires large database paired specimen MRI histology datasets, which is costly, cumbersome,...
Introduction Pediatric drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) is defined as that not controlled by two or more appropriately chosen and dosed anti-seizure medications (ASMs). When alternative therapies surgical intervention viable efficacious, advanced options like deep brain stimulation (DBS) responsive neurostimulation (RNS) may be considered. Objective Describe the Stanford early institutional experience with DBS RNS in pediatric DRE patients. Methods Retrospective chart review of seizure...
In a rural hospital in Malawi protocol was developed for the treatment of severely anaemic children to improve chances survival with haemoglobin levels 5 g/dl or less (referred here as severe anaemia), and also reduce risks transmission human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by blood transfusion unit where routine screening donated HIV positivity is not available. Comparison results applying (using digoxin, frusemide selective delayed transfusion) using widely accepted regimen all (Hb) suggests...
RHOBTB2 encodes a member of the atypical Rho GTPase containing domain and two tandem BTB domains. The domains are involved in interacting with Cullin3-dependent ubiquitin ligase complex, mediating ubiquitination, recruiting substrates to complex. Pathogenic de novo missense variants clustering were reported cause autosomal dominant developmental epileptic encephalopathy 64 [DEE64; OMIM 618004]. DEE64 is neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by onset seizures within first year life,...
Recently there has been an increasing realization that for the prevention of transfusion-associated HIV infection, screening alone is insufficient 1 . In 1988, a treatment protocol children under 5 years with severe anaemia, was introduced in Ekwendeni Hospital 2 Initial results showed it possible to reduce number blood transfusions without mortality rate. By January 1992 being widely disregarded by ward staff, and transfusion rates had increased. Strict enforcement from 16 produced sharp...
Activity-dependent myelination is a fundamental mode of brain plasticity which significantly influences network function. We recently discovered that absence seizures, occur in multiple forms generalized epilepsy, can induce activity-dependent myelination, turn promotes further progression epilepsy. Structural alterations myelin are likely to be widespread, given seizures arise from an extensive thalamocortical involving frontoparietal regions the bilateral hemispheres. However, temporal...
We provide a broad overview of human brain development with associated malformations and injuries that occur in the period between early embryogenesis delivery. The aim this review is to summarize current understanding molecular environmental cues shape developing brain. For each developmental stage, we give examples disorders arise from genetic and/or insults illustrate critical points neurological susceptibility.
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To better establish the influence of histological features on MRI signal, we present a multi-task neural network trained to predict parametrized microstructural distributions (axon diameters and g-ratios) from diffusion magnetization transfer data. begin, model using histologically-derived synthetic data before applying learning by fine tuning empirical Our initial results both ex vivo mouse brain demonstrate feasibility this approach.
Motivation: Machine learning approaches are an alternative to conventional biophysical model fitting used generate MRI microstructural maps, but the lack of paired MRI-histology data complicates end-to-end training these models. Goal(s): Develop a nonparametric deep based prediction joint distributions g-ratios and axon diameters from multimodal data. Approach: Histology-based synthetic was pretrain conditioned normalizing flow model. Transfer then performed on limited Results: The...