ABSTRACT A total of 26 strains Vibrio cholerae , including members the O1, O139, and non-O1, non-O139 serogroups from both clinical environmental sources, were examined for presence genes encoding cholera toxin ( ctx A), zonula occludens zot ), accessory enterotoxin ace hemolysin hly NAG-specific heat-stable st toxin-coregulated pilus tcp outer membrane protein omp U), genomic organization, regulatory I tox R in order to determine relationships between epidemic serotypes sources isolation....

The current disadvantages (high cost, toxicity, resistance) of chemotherapy for gastric cancer opted people alternative therapy from natural source. Curcumin (natural product) possess multiple biological activities but low bio-availability limits their uses as therapeutic. Nano-formulation curcumin increased the bioavailability and productivity anti-cancer anti-bacterial properties. present study was initiated to determine effect Nano against H. pylori.Curcumin loaded PLGA nanoparticles...

We have developed a hexaplex PCR assay for rapid detection of the virulence and regulatory genes cholera toxin enzymatic subunit A (ctxA), zonula occludens (zot), accessory enterotoxin (ace), toxin-coregulated pilus (tcpA), outer membrane protein (ompU), central ToxR (toxR) in Vibrio cholerae mimicus. This proved successful screening pathogenic-toxigenic nonpathogenic-nontoxigenic V. mimicus strains from both clinical environmental sources.

Listeria monocytogenes, a foodborne pathogen is ubiquitous to different environments including the agroecosystem. The organism poses serious public health problem. Therefore, an attempt has been made gain further insight their antibiotic susceptibility, serotypes and virulence genes. Out of 10 vegetables selected, 6 (brinjal, cauliflower, dolichos-bean, tomato, chappan-kaddu chilli), 20 isolates (10%) tested positive for L. monocytogenes. prevalence in respective rhizosphere soil samples was...

The Vibrio cholerae, a gram-negative bacterium, is the causative agent of cholera. Quorum sensing cell-to-cell communication that leads to gene expression, accumulation signaling molecules, biofilm formation, and production virulence factors. quorum pathway in V. cholerae regulated by luxO, formation other factors are positively controlled aphA negatively hapR. Hence, targeting global regulator luxO would be promising approach modulate QS curtail pathogenesis. present study investigated...

Humans are colonized by diverse populations of microbes. Infections Candida albicans, an opportunistic fungal pathogen, a result imbalances in the gut microbial ecosystem and due to suppressed immunity host. Here, we explored potential effects polymicrobial interactions C. albicans with Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-positive bacterium, Escherichia coli, Gram-negative dual triple vitro culture systems on their respective growth, morphology, biofilms. We found that S. aureus promoted growth...

Abstract Staphylococcus aureus , a versatile human pathogen, poses significant challenge in healthcare settings due to its ability develop antibiotic resistance and form robust biofilms. Understanding the intricate mechanisms underlying is crucial for effective infection treatment control. This comprehensive review delves into multifaceted roles of efflux pumps S. with focus on their contribution biofilm formation. Efflux pumps, integral components bacterial cell membrane, are responsible...

This study describes a multiplex PCR assay for the detection of antibiotic resistance genes and SXT element in Vibrio cholerae. Conditions were optimized to amplify fragments sulII (encoding sulfamethoxazole resistance), dfrA1 (O1-specific trimethoprim dfr18 (O139-specific strB (streptomycin B resistance) simultaneously one PCR. was evaluated on 142 V. cholerae isolates results correlated with phenotypic data obtained using disc diffusion colony blot assay. Thus this one-step can be used as...

The Vibrio cholerae biotype “El Tor” is responsible for all of the current epidemic and endemic cholera outbreaks worldwide. These are clonal, it hypothesized that they originate from coastal areas near Bay Bengal, where lytic bacteriophage ICP1 (International Centre Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh phage 1) specifically preys upon these pathogenic outbreak strains. has also been dominant found in patient stools since 2001. However, little known about genomic differences between...

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causes nosocomial infections. This organism produces powerful toxins and cause superficial lesions, systemic infections, several toxaemic syndromes. A total 109 S. strains isolated from a variety infections like ocular diseases, wound infection, sputum were included in study. MIC was determined against 14 antimicrobials. PCR presence 16S rRNA, nuc, mecA, czrC, qacA/B, pvl, toxin genes isolates. PFGE, MLST, SCCmec, spa-, agr-typing serotyping...

Outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of gram-negative bacteria play an important role in mediating antibacterial resistance, bacterial virulence and thus affect pathogenic ability the bacteria. Over years, prevalence environmental antibiotic resistant organisms, their transmission to clinics transfer resistance genes, have been studied extensively. Nevertheless, how successful can be establishing as under clinical setting, is less addressed. In present study, we utilized integrated approach...

A collection of ten strains Vibrio cholerae O139, comprising six isolates from Eichhornia crassipes, two water the River Ganga, and one each a well hand pump, were characterized. All carried CTX genetic element (ctxA, zot, ace) except for st gene structural regulatory genes toxin-coregulated pilus (tcpA, tcpI, toxR), adherence factor (ompU), accessory colonization (acfB); all produced cholera toxin (CT). These resistant to trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, streptomycin, vibriostatic agent...

Non-cultivable, pathogenic O1 and non-O1 Vibrio cholerae Aeromonas spp. were resuscitated from aquatic arthropods plant homogenate respectively, by rabbit ileal loop (RIL) assay. These organisms adhered to the arthropod Gerris spinolae various species of phytoplankton in River Ganga, but failed grow after direct inoculation on artificial media except for only 10 homogenates arthropod. The number V. recovered G. order 10(5)-10(6) whereas those Ganga water 10(2)-10(3) ml-1. A total 119 strains...

Summary In this study, we report the presence of SXT element and Class I integron in Vibrio cholerae non‐O1, non‐O139 strains isolated from Varanasi, India. Isolates were resistant to cotrimoxazole, trimethoprim and/or streptomycin, furazolidone ampicillin. None contained plasmids. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) DNA sequencing revealed antibiotic resistance gene cassettes, aadA1 , aadA2 aadA5 dfrA15 SXT, an integrative conjugative containing dfr18 sulII strAB three six isolates...

Staphylococcus haemolyticus is the second most frequently isolated CoNS from ocular infections and human blood cultures. In this study, we examined 18 S. isolates for their capacity to form biofilm conducted detachment assay determine composition of matrix involvement various elements in cell lysis. PCR identified presence biofilm-associated genes, ica operon CLSM visualized components matrix. We found that PIA-independent formation characteristic feature isolates, irrespective sources...

A total of 147 clinical and environmental isolates Aeromonas that included 14 A. hydrophila, 60 sobria 73 caviae strains was tested for haemolysin production its correlation with enterotoxicity; 108 produced beta-haemolysis. For hydrophila sobria, titres were 16-128 HU/ml caviae, 16-64 HU/ml. In the ileal loop test, 82 (55.8%) spp. enterotoxin. Of beta-haemolytic strains, 72.7% 58.6% 68.6% caused fluid accumulation in rabbit loops. One strain each alpha-haemolytic one non-haemolytic nine...

Summary Of 147 isolates of three species Aeromonas, 54 were from clinical and 93 environmental sources. When tested for enterotoxin production, most the (56%) caused accumulation fluid in rabbit ileal loops (RILs). Although large proportions A. caviae (55% 65%, respectively) elicited such a response RILs, hydrophila sobria produced significantly more (p<0.05). Furthermore, strains than The Aeromonas spp. that little or no initial experiments became producers after 1–3 passages through...