Efavirenz is a commonly used antiretroviral drug that causes neurologic side effects in more than 50% of patients.To characterize efavirenz-associated symptoms randomized, controlled study initial treatment.Substudy double-blind, trial combination regimens (A5095) was performed between March 2001 and January 2002.Multicenter academic clinical units.HIV-infected patients who were initiating therapy the context trial.Neuropsychological performance measures, including Digit Symbol Substitution...

Psychopaths have been described as human predators who use charm, intimidation, and violence to control others satisfy their own needs. Underlying propensity violate social norms expectations is a profound lack of empathy, guilt, or remorse, affective processes that long resisted scientific investigation. Using brain imaging technology we found psychopaths differed from nonpsychopaths in the pattern relative cerebral blood flow during processing emotional words. The results were consistent...

Abstract Objectives: Marijuana was involved in 209,563 emergency department (ED) visits 2006, according to the Drug Abuse Warning Network. Although screening and brief intervention (SBI) has been effective changing drinking among ED patients a number of studies, tests marijuana SBI pediatric (PED) have not yet reported. The aim this pilot study test whether is reducing consumption youth young adults presenting PED with diverse range clinical entities. Methods: A three‐group randomized...

There has been a recent, dramatic increase in the incidence of congenital syphilis, particularly urban areas. We describe seven infants seen during one year who were first given diagnosis syphilis at 3 to 14 weeks age, when symptoms developed. reviewed these infants' charts order ascertain reasons for failure diagnose birth and identify signs this group infants.At delivery, four their mothers had negative qualitative rapid-plasma-reagin tests syphilis. The other three seronegative pregnancy...

Thus far, there are no immunohistochemical markers that specific for thymic epithelial neoplasms, although demonstration of immature T cells in an tumor can indirectly support a diagnosis thymoma. In this study, the usefulness paraffin section-reactive CD5 antibody (clone CD5/54/B4) supporting origin neoplasm was evaluated. Antigen retrieval effected by microwaving citrate buffer. Sixteen 24 carcinomas (67%) were immunoreactive CD5, including nine squamous cell, two undifferentiated, four...

ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2010; 17:890–902 © 2010 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Abstract Objectives: Adolescents in their late teens and early 20s have highest alcohol consumption United States; binge drinking peaks at age 21‐25 years. Underage is associated with many negative consequences, including academic problems risk of intentional unintentional injuries. This study tested effectiveness pediatric emergency department (PED) screening brief intervention to reduce...

ObjectivePreliminary evidence suggests that chronic pain patients complete intensity measures using idiosyncratic methods. Our objective was to understand these methods and how they might impact the psychometric properties of instruments.

Vaso-occlusive episodes (VOEs) account for the majority of emergency department (ED) visits children with sickle cell disease (SCD). We hypothesized that addressing key barriers to VOE care would improve receipt analgesics and outcomes.A quality improvement (QI) initiative was conducted from September 2010 April 2014 streamline in an urban pediatric ED. Four interventions were used: a standardized time-specific protocol; intranasal fentanyl as first parenteral pain medication; SCD medication...

Three studies tested whether self-attributes form a structure similar to that underlying semantic memory. Subjects were shown slides of target words printed in different-colored inks and asked name each word color as quickly possible. Prior slide, subjects given memory load word, which they repeated after naming the color. The critical experimental manipulation was relation between functioned "prime," word. Self-related traits primed either by other self-related or self-unrelated traits,...

Abstract Background Emergency department ( ED ) visits provide an opportunity for hepatitis C virus HCV screening patients who otherwise might not be tested. We report on a novel nontargeted, opt‐out and linkage‐to‐care LTC program implemented in urban . Methods This is descriptive analysis from 3 months (November 2016–January 2017) of among at least 13 years old undergoing phlebotomy clinical purposes. A multipurpose best practice advisory BPA alerted providers to the generated order...

Bedside ultrasound (BUS) can provide critical information in a rapid and noninvasive manner to the emergency physician. It is widely used departments (ED) throughout nation. Literature shows that BUS shortens patient stay increases satisfaction. General medicine (EM) residencies incorporate training their curricula. However, there are limited data about pediatric (PEM) fellows receive.To determine extent of use PEM fellowship programs.A 29-question survey was mailed all (57) program...

Painful HIV distal sensory polyneuropathy (HIV-DSP) is the most common nervous system disorder in patients. The symptoms adversely affect patients' quality of life and often diminish their capacity for independent self-care. No interventions have been shown to be consistently effective treating disorder. purpose present study was determine whether hypnosis could a useful intervention management painful HIV-DSP.Participants were 36 volunteers with HIV-DSP who received three weekly training...

Restraint of children and adolescents with psychiatric problems has generated controversy. may be defined as methods used to restrict movement or normal access one's body. Published data guide restraint practice are limited.To examine frequency use patient demographics chief complaints associated in our pediatric emergency department.We retrospectively reviewed the department records (age <18 years) who underwent evaluation an urban general hospital from January 2001 December 2002. Factors...

Pain and anxiety are closely associated with bone marrow aspirates biopsies. To determine whether hypnosis administered concurrently the procedure can ameliorate these morbidities, authors randomly assigned 80 cancer patients undergoing biopsies to either or standard of care. The intervention reduced procedure, but difference in pain scores between two groups was not statistically significant. conclude that brief reduces patient during may adequately control pain. explain this latter finding...

To assess the safety and efficacy of Peptide T in treatment painful distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSP) associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.Painful DSP is a frequent complication HIV infection, although its etiology optimal are unknown. (D-(alpha 1)-Peptide T-amide) has been found phase I trials anecdotal reports to relieve neuropathic pain AIDS patients.In this multicentered, double-blind, randomized study, subjects received intranasal 6 mg/day or placebo for 12...

To determine whether dopamine metabolism is abnormal in HIV infected patients and abnormalities are related to specific neuropsychologic characteristics HIV-infected patients, we measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of homovanilic acid (HVA), the primary metabolite, 10 compared it HVA CSF a group 13 healthy control subjects. were also assessed with battery tests then correlated performance on tests. The mean (±SD) level was 100.9 ± 29.3 nmol/L study 230.5 50.0 non-HIV-infected (p <...

Objective: To identify current practice and staff education regarding the use of restraint in emergency departments for children undergoing psychiatric evaluations to compare medicine residencies (EMRs) pediatric fellowships (PEMFs). Methods: A self-administered survey resident patients evaluation was mailed directors EMRs PEMFs. Main outcome measures included frequency use, trained favored positions physical restraint, agents regularly used chemical restraint. Results: Forty-one percent...

The study's objective was to describe readily identifiable predictors of filling medication prescriptions after discharge from the pediatric emergency department (PED).The study a prospective cohort caregivers children aged 0 17 years, discharged PED an urban safety net hospital with prescription. Prescription confirmed by direct contact pharmacies. Logistic regression used estimate association between baseline characteristics and prescription filling.Overall, 36 (32%) 111 families did not...