A5010239092- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
Public Health Ontario
2021-2024
University of Toronto
2021-2024
Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences
2021-2024
SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University
2024
Canada Research Chairs
2024
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research
2010-2023
University of British Columbia
2023
3M (United States)
2021-2022
Western University
2016-2021
University at Buffalo, State University of New York
2020
Abstract Objective To estimate the effectiveness of mRNA covid-19 vaccines against symptomatic infection and severe outcomes (hospital admission or death). Design Test negative design study. Setting Ontario, Canada between 14 December 2020 19 April 2021. Participants 324 033 community dwelling people aged ≥16 years who had symptoms were tested for SARS-CoV-2. Interventions BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine. Main outcome measures Laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 by reverse...
The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, including among individuals who have received 2 doses COVID-19 vaccine, increased substantially following the emergence Omicron variant in Ontario, Canada. Understanding estimated effectiveness or 3 vaccine against outcomes associated with and Delta infections may aid decision-making at individual population levels.To estimate (VE) symptomatic due to variants severe (hospitalization death) these infections.This test-negative case-control study used...
Background. Although influenza is a vaccine-preventable disease that annually causes substantial burden, data on virus activity in tropical countries are limited. We analyzed publicly available to better understand the global circulation of viruses. Methods. reviewed open-source, laboratory-confirmed surveillance data. For each country, we abstracted percentage samples testing positive for epidemiologic week from annual number influenza. The start season was defined as first when proportion...
ABSTRACT SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) are more transmissible and have the potential for increased disease severity decreased vaccine effectiveness. We estimated effectiveness BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech Comirnaty), mRNA-1273 (Moderna Spikevax), ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca Vaxzevria) vaccines against symptomatic infection COVID-19 hospitalization or death caused by Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2) VOCs in Ontario, Canada using a test-negative design study....
<h3>Importance</h3> Increased rates of myocarditis or pericarditis following receipt COVID-19 mRNA vaccines have been observed. However, few available data are associated with differences in specific to vaccine products, which may important implications for vaccination programs. <h3>Objective</h3> To estimate reported a by product, age, sex, dose number, and interdose interval. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> This population-based cohort study was conducted Ontario, Canada...
ABSTRACT Background The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, including among those who have received 2 doses COVID-19 vaccines, increased substantially following the emergence Omicron in Ontario, Canada. Methods Applying test-negative study design to linked provincial databases, we estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic infection and severe outcomes (hospitalization or death) caused by Delta between December 6 26, 2021. We used multivariable logistic regression estimate 3...
The Global COVID Vaccine Safety (GCoVS) Project, established in 2021 under the multinational Data Network™ (GVDN®), facilitates comprehensive assessment of vaccine safety. This study aimed to evaluate risk adverse events special interest (AESI) following COVID-19 vaccination from 10 sites across eight countries. Using a common protocol, this observational cohort compared observed with expected rates 13 selected AESI neurological, haematological, and cardiac outcomes. Expected were obtained...
To estimate the effectiveness of maternal mRNA covid-19 vaccination during pregnancy against delta and omicron severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection hospital admission in infants.Test negative design study.Community testing Ontario, Canada.Infants younger than six months age, born between 7 May 2021 31 March 2022, who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 5 September 2022.Maternal pregnancy.Laboratory confirmed or infant. Multivariable logistic regression estimated...
Abstract We estimated the effectiveness of booster doses monovalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against Omicron-associated severe outcomes among adults in Ontario, Canada. used a test-negative design to estimate vaccine (VE) hospitalization or death SARS-CoV-2-tested aged ≥50 years from January 2 October 1, 2022, stratified by age and time since vaccination. also compared VE during BA.1/BA.2 BA.4/BA.5 sublineage predominance. included 11,160 cases 62,880 tests for controls. Depending on group,...
Importance The study team previously showed that maternal mRNA COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy confers protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19–related hospital admission in newborns young infants. In this study, the evaluated newborn early infant safety outcomes following messenger RNA (mRNA) pregnancy, for which there is limited comparative epidemiological evidence. Objective To determine if associated with adverse outcomes. Design, Setting, Participants This...
To estimate the real world effectiveness of modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) vaccine against mpox infection.
Abstract Avian influenza viruses, including highly pathogenic strains, pose severe economic, animal and public health concerns. We implemented live bird market surveillance in Bangladesh to identify the subtypes of avian A viruses domestic waterfowl environments. collected samples monthly from 4 rural sites 2007 2012 environmental 16 urban 2009 2012. Samples were tested through real-time RT-PCR, virus culture, sequencing detect characterize viruses. Among 4,308 tested, 191 (4.4%) positive...
ABSTRACT Objectives To estimate the effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against symptomatic infection and severe outcomes. Design We applied a test-negative design study to linked laboratory, vaccination, health administrative databases, used multivariable logistic regression adjusting for demographic clinical characteristics associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine receipt (VE) Setting Ontario, Canada between 14 December 2020 19 April 2021. Participants Community-dwelling adults aged ≥16...
The Global COVID Vaccine Safety (GCoVS) project was established in 2021 under the multinational Data Network (GVDN) consortium to facilitate rapid assessment of safety newly introduced vaccines. This study analyzed data from GVDN member sites on background incidence rates conditions designated as adverse events special interest (AESI) for COVID-19 vaccine monitoring.Eleven global obtained national or regional healthcare databases using standardized methods. Incident 13 pre-defined AESI were...
This study aimed to provide real-world evidence on coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic infection and severe outcomes caused by Omicron in children aged 5 11 years.We used the test-negative design linked provincial databases estimate BNT162b2 years between January 2 August 27, 2022 Ontario. We multivariable logistic regression VE time since latest dose, compared with unvaccinated children, we evaluated dosing interval.We included 6284 test-positive cases...
We estimated the effectiveness of booster doses monovalent and bivalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against Omicron-associated severe outcomes among adults aged ≥50 years in Ontario, Canada. Monovalent provided similar strong initial protection outcomes. Uncertainty remains around waning from these vaccines.
Background Better understanding the etiology-specific incidence of severe acute respiratory infections (SARIs) in resource-poor, rural settings will help further develop and prioritize prevention strategies. To address this gap knowledge, we conducted a longitudinal study to estimate SARIs among children Bangladesh. Methods During June through October 2010, followed aged <5 years 67 villages identify those with cough, difficulty breathing, age-specific tachypnea and/or danger signs community...
Background: We estimated the effectiveness of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines among residents Ontario, Canada, where a policy to use an up 16-week interval between doses was adopted in March 2021.Methods: conducted test-negative design study using linked province-wide laboratory, vaccination, health administrative datasets. included symptomatic individuals tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR 14 December 2020 19 April 2021. Study outcomes infection associated severe (hospitalization or death)....
The risk for influenza A(H5N1) virus infection is unclear among poultry workers in countries where the endemic. To assess H5N1 seroprevalence and seroconversion at live bird markets (LBMs) Bangladesh, we followed a cohort of from 12 LBMs with existing avian surveillance. Serum samples were tested antibodies end study or when LBM first had virus-positive test results. Of 404 workers, 9 (2%) seropositive baseline. 284 who completed seronegative baseline, 6 seroconverted (7 cases/100...
One-quarter of neonatal deaths are attributed to infections. Maternal handwashing with soap may prevent sepsis. We examined impact intensive promotion on behavior mothers neonates. In Matlab, Bangladesh, we randomly allocated pregnant women at 28–32 weeks’ gestation or control. Behavior change communicators used a participatory approach motivate maternal and provided stations. the period, observed water places and, end estimated by structured observation. Among 253 enrolled, intervention...
Abstract Importance Increased rates of myocarditis/pericarditis following COVID-19 mRNA vaccines have been observed. However, little data are available related to product-specific differences, which important programmatic impacts. Objective The objective this study was estimate reporting vaccine by product, age, sex, and dose number, as well inter-dose interval. Design We conducted a population-based cohort using passive safety surveillance data. All individuals in Ontario, Canada who...