The serine synthesis pathway (SSP) involving metabolic enzymes phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1), and phosphatase (PSPH) drives intracellular biosynthesis is indispensable for cancer cells to grow in serine-limiting environments. However, how SSP regulated not well understood. Here, we report that activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) crucial transcriptional activation of upon deprivation. ATF3 rapidly induced by deprivation via a mechanism...

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in microenvironments, referred to as niches, which provide structural support and molecular signals. Sensory nerves are niche components the homeostasis of tissues such skin, bone marrow hematopoietic system. However, how sensory nerve affects behavior MSCs remains largely unknown. Here we show that is vital for mesenchymal tissue maintenance continuously growing adult mouse incisor. Loss innervation leads disorder a decrease MSCs....

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in niches to maintain tissue homeostasis and contribute repair regeneration. Although the physiological functions of blood lymphatic vasculature are well studied, their regulation MSCs as niche components remains largely unknown. Using adult mouse incisors a model, we uncover role Trp53 regulating vascular composition through THBS2 mesenchymal homeostasis. Loss GLI1+ progeny increases arteries decreases other vessel types. Platelet-derived growth factors...

Nanotechnology developed rapidly in cellular diagnosis and treatment, the endocytic system was an important pathway for targeting cell. In research of developing macrophages as drug carriers or therapeutic targets, interesting phenomenon, internalized nanoparticles induced to form binucleated macrophages, found although particles dose did not cause obvious cytotoxicity. Under 25 μg/ml, 30 nm polystyrene beads(30 Ps nanoparticles) formation when they entered into endosomes via pathway. These...

Environmental shifts and dietary habits could directly affect the gut microbiota of animals. In this study, we investigated golden snub-nosed monkeys under two different conditions: captive wild. Our study adopted a non-invasive sampling method, using full-length 16S rRNA Pacbio SMAT sequencing technology to compare wild monkeys. The results showed that populations had higher alpha diversity than populations, there were also significant differences in beta diversity. linear discriminant...

The communication between myogenic cells and their surrounding connective tissues is indispensable for muscle morphogenesis. During late embryonic development in mice, progenitors migrate to discrete sites form individual muscles. detailed mechanism of this process remains unclear. Using mouse levator veli palatini (LVP) as a model, we systematically investigated how distinct tissue subpopulation, perimysial fibroblasts, communicates with regulate pharyngeal myogenesis. single-cell RNAseq...

Microplastics are being increasingly detected in the atmosphere at altitudes relevant to mixed-phase cloud formation. However, extent which microplastics, along with their dynamic surface properties resulting from environmental weathering, could influence atmospheric microphysical processes remains largely unexplored. Here, through a series of ice nucleation experiments and droplet freezing assays, we highlight capability model polyethylene microplastics induce heterogeneous via immersion...

Exposure to veterinary antibiotics (VAs) and preferred as (PVAs) via the food chain is unavoidable for their extensive use not only treating bacterial infections, but also growth promoters in livestock aquaculture. One of consequences disturbance gut microbiota. However, its impact on virulence drug resistance opportunistic pathogens still unclear. In this study, a total 26 were detected urine 300 young undergraduates Anhui Province. We found that excessive intake milk was positively...

Abstract Photocatalytic hydrogen production rates have been measured from Al‐doped SrTiO 3 with a range of controlled shapes and sizes using high‐throughput parallelized automated photochemical reactor. It is found that the photocatalytic reactivity influenced by crystal shape crystals {1 1 0} to 0 surface area ratio between 1.3 1.8 yield more H 2 than other ratios. Crystals 0}/{1 generate at 550 μmol h −1 g pH 7, whereas only facets exposed 300 under same condition. likely provides...

The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect endows gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with the ability to visualize biomolecules. In present study, we designed and constructed a GNP probe allow semi-quantitative analysis of methylated tumor suppressor genes in cultured cells. To construct probe, surfaces were coated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) by forming Au-S bonds. ssDNA contains thiolated 5'-end, regulatory domain 12 adenine nucleotides, functional absolute pairing p16 sequence (Met-p16). paired...

The photochemical reactivity of the SrTiO3 surface is affected by pH surrounding aqueous solution. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force have been used to quantify amount silver that photochemically reduced on surfaces (100), (110), (111) oriented crystals as a function pH. For all orientations, increases from 3, reaches maximum, then decreases at higher associated with maximum depends crystallographic orientation surface. results indicate solution influences charge band bending...

Abstract Stem/progenitor cells differentiate into different cell lineages during organ development and morphogenesis. Signaling pathway networks mechanotransduction are important factors to guide the lineage commitment of stem/progenitor craniofacial tissue Here, we used tooth root as a model explore roles FGF signaling well their interaction in regulating progenitor fate decision. We show that Fgfr1 is expressed mesenchymal progeny development. Loss Gli1 + progenitors leads...

Rotavirus (RV), one of non-enveloped double-strained RNA viruses, can cause infantile diarrheal illness. It is widely accepted that RV transmitted mainly via feces-oral route. However, infected asymptomatic adults are becoming the source infection. necessary to explore underlying mechanism replication in adult's intestine.After recruiting healthy volunteers and carriers, we firstly investigated association animal-derived food intake with antibiotic level urine samples. Secondly, compared...

Abstract BaTiO 3 heated in an excess of SrCl 2 at 1150 °C converts to SrTiO through ion exchange reaction. The synthesized by produces hydrogen from pH 7 water a rate more than twice that conventional treated identically. apparent quantum yield for production pure the exchanged is 11.4% under 380 nm illumination. catalyst resulting ion‐exchange differs having ≈2% residual Ba, inhomogeneous Cl‐doping concentration less 1%, Kirkendall voids centers particles result unequal rates Sr and Ba...

Nerves play important roles in organ development and tissue homeostasis. Stem/progenitor cells differentiate into different cell lineages responsible for building the craniofacial organs. The mechanism by which nerves regulate stem/progenitor behavior morphogenesis has not yet been comprehensively explored. Here, we use tooth root mouse as a model to investigate how sensory organogenesis. We show that nerve fibers are enriched dental papilla at initiation of development. Through single...

Protein tyrosine nitration is becoming increasingly recognized as a prevalent post-translational modification that could serve biomarker of nitric oxide (NO)-mediated oxidative stress. One received protein model the heme- or hemoprotein-dependent pathway involves contribution iron and formation free radicals. Therefore, chelating agent desferrioxamine (DFO) can affect development nitrative In hemin/nitrite/H2O2 system-induced bovine serum albumin (BSA) oxidation model, BSA was analyzed for...

Staurosporine (STS), a microbial alkaloid and potent PKC inhibitor, has become one of the most promising anti-cancer drugs. STS effectively induces apoptosis in many nucleated cells; however, it is still unclear whether enucleated platelets.Apoptotic events platelets treated with were assessed by flow cytometry or western blotting.STS induced depolarization mitochondrial inner transmembrane potential (ΔΨm), up-regulation Bax Bak, phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, release cytochrome c,...

Summary Tfap2b, a pivotal transcription factor, plays critical roles within neural crest cells and their derived lineage. To unravel the intricate lineage dynamics contribution of these Tfap2b+ during craniofacial development, we established Tfap2b‐CreER T2 knock‐in transgenic mouse line using CRISPR‐Cas9‐mediated homologous direct repair. By breeding with tdTomato reporter mice initiating Cre activity through tamoxifen induction at distinct developmental time points, show Tfap2b key...

Aspergillus niger is a major cell factory for citric acid production, and the process of citrate export from mitochondria to cytoplasm predicted be one rate-limiting steps in accumulation. Currently, mitochondrial transporters (Ctps) A. are not fully characterized. Here, six putative Ctp encoding genes (ctpA ctpF) were identified based on their homology with transporter ScCtp1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Disruption individual ctpA ctpF caused varying degrees decline accumulation at different...

The homeostasis of adult tissues, such as skin, hair, blood, and bone, requires continuous generation differentiated progeny stem cells. rodent incisor undergoes constant renewal can provide an extraordinary model for studying cells their in tissue homeostasis, cell differentiation injury-induced regeneration. Meanwhile, cellular heterogeneity the mouse also provides opportunity to study cell-cell communication between different types, including interactions niche environment. More...