he growth-promoting actions of growth hormone were originally hypothesized to be mediated through a circulating liver-generated sulfation factor that later came known as insulin-like I (IGF-I). 1 This is produced in almost every tissue the body. 2 In cartilage plate, hormone-induced IGF-I 3 acts locally autocrineparacrine mechanisms. 4 Some 80 85 percent circulates 150-kD ternary complex includes ligand itself, IGF-binding protein 3, and an acid-labile subunit. 5 The subunit glycoprotein...

Newborns with ambiguous genitalia or males nonpalpable gonads usually require an early assessment of the presence and functional state testicular tissue.Our objective was to characterize precise ontogeny serum patterns gonadotropins, testosterone, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), inhibins in normal newborn boys.We conducted a cross-sectional longitudinal study.Serum samples were obtained 57 boys 13 girls on d 2 life. A second sample 7, 10, 15, 20, 30 (boys) (girls).Serum levels AMH, measured.In...

Summary Objective To precisely characterize the chronology of testicular endocrine function impairment during childhood and adolescence in patients with Klinefelter syndrome. Design Retrospective chart review. Patients A total 29 boys syndrome up to 12·3 years follow‐up. Measurements Clinical features serum hormone levels were analysed Results Of patients, 16 prepubertal 13 had already entered puberty at their first visit. Fifteen followed through late puberty. Before puberty, LH, FSH,...

Male patients with an extra sex chromosome or autosome are expected to present primary hypogonadism at puberty owing meiotic germ-cell failure. Scarce information is available on trisomy 21, a frequent autosomal aneuploidy. Our objective was assess whether 21 presents pubertal-onset, specific, in males, the established earlier and affects other testicular cell populations. We assessed functional status of pituitary-testicular axis, especially Sertoli function, 117 boys (ages: 2 months–20...

We have studied the effect of estradiol (E2)on GH-insulin-like growth factor (GH-IGF) axis in 15 prepubertal GH deficiency (GHD) children and 44 or early pubertal with idiopathic short stature (SS). All them received a daily dose micronized E2 (1 2 mg) placebo, for 3 days, before sequential arginine-clonidine test. In SS children, maximal responses were 17.8 ± 10.9 on placebo 27.9 14.5μ g/L estrogen (P < 0.0001). The lower 95% confidence limits response changed from 3.7 μg/L (without...

Article Differential Impact of Simple Childhood Obesity on the Components Growth Hormone-Insulin-like Factor (IGF)-IGF Binding Proteins Axis was published May 1, 2004 in journal Journal Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism (volume 17, issue 5).

The biphasic ontogeny of serum gonadotrophins observed in normal children also exists girls with gonadal dysgenesis, although higher levels. However, limited data exist prepubertal boys anorchia.To investigate whether the existence testicular tissue is required for gonadotrophin downregulation boys. Secondarily, we analysed prevalence high and its diagnostic value to assess presence or absence testes childhood.In a retrospective, semi-longitudinal study, compared levels 35 anorchia aged 0-18...

Combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) presents a wide spectrum of gland disorders. The postnatal gonadotropic surge provides useful period to explore the axis for assessing presence congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH).To functioning hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal in an early diagnosis CHH newborns or infants suspected having CPHD.A cohort 27 boys under 6 months and 19 girls 24 age with hypopituitarism was studied. Serum concentrations LH, FSH, testosterone, inhibin B,...

Abstract Context Delayed puberty is a frequent complaint in males. The differential diagnosis between self-limited delayed (SLDP) and congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) challenging. Commonly used endocrine tests, focusing on stimulated levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) or testosterone, are not satisfactory making diagnosis. Because FSH action Sertoli cells results testis enlargement anti-Müllerian (AMH) inhibin B increased secretion, the FSH-Sertoli cell axis function detectable...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Inhibins are peptides, mainly of gonadal origin, that suppress FSH production. Dimeric forms inhibin (A and B) have been proposed as peripheral markers Sertoli granulosa cell function. The aim this study was to establish the relationship between circulating dimeric monomeric inhibins, gonadotrophins sex steroids, in normal boys girls from birth puberty. SUBJECTS One hundred forty‐six children (females: 57; males: 89) were studied. MEASUREMENTS Serum LH measured by an...

Abstract Context: Differential diagnosis between hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) and constitutional delay of puberty in boys is challenging. Most tests use an acute GnRH stimulus, allowing only the release previously synthesized gonadotropins. A constant infusion, inducing de novo gonadotropin synthesis, may allow a better discrimination. Objective: We evaluated diagnostic accuracy basal peak gonadotropins after measured by ultrasensitive assays, to confirm with suspected HH. Design...

We aimed to describe the functional changes of Sertoli cells, based on measurement serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and inhibin B during treatment with GnRHa after its withdrawal in boys central precocious puberty. Six aged 0.8 5.5 yr were included. AMH was low at diagnosis patients >1 but within normal range younger patients. increased prepubertal levels treatment. After withdrawal, declined concomitantly rise testosterone. At diagnosis, elevated decreased throughout therapy, remaining...

<b><i>Background:</i></b> In acid-labile subunit (ALS)-deficient families, heterozygous carriers of <i>IGFALS</i> gene mutations are frequently shorter than their wild-type relatives, suggesting that haploinsufficiency could result in short stature. We have characterized <i>IGFALS </i>gene variants idiopathic stature (ISS) and normal children, determining impact on height the IGF system. <b><i>Patients Methods:</i></b>...

The GnRH test is the gold standard to confirm diagnosis of central precocious puberty (CPP); however, this compound not always readily available. Diagnostic accuracy subcutaneous analogues tests compared classical has been reported.To evaluate diagnostic Triptorelin (index test) (reference in girls with suspicion CPP.A prospective, case-control, randomized clinical trial was performed. CPP or thelarche (PT) diagnosed according maximal LH response and characteristics during...

In girls with Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty (ICPP) concern has been raised by the potential impact of GnRH-analogues (GnRHa) treatment on body weight. We evaluated effect GnRHa Body Mass Index (BMI) in ICPP according to weight status at diagnosis. One hundred seventeen were divided pretreatment in: normal (NW), overweight (OW) and obese (OB). BMI one two years was assessed. BMI-SDS 60 patients who reached adult height (AH) compared that 33 untreated girls. NW significantly increased...

<i>Background:</i> In a recently described patient with acid-labile subunit (ALS) deficiency, the inability to form ternary complexes resulted in marked reduction circulating total insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, whereas skeletal was only marginally affected. To further study role of versus locally produced IGF-I this patient, we now describe detail changes and their relationship several components IGF system. <i>Design Methods:</i> We followed development up...

Gonadotroph adenomas are difficult to diagnose since they usually show as nonsecreting tumors or produce biologically inactive hormones with no clinical effects and classically grow silent until neurological symptoms appear. Presentation bilateral ovarian masses hyperstimulation has been described in fertile years. extremely infrequent children. We report a 13-year-old postmenarcheal girl referred our hospital 6 months of amenorrhea, abdominal palpable mass presumptive tumors. The patient...

The present study explores the postulate that polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is marked by failure of physiological feedforward and feedback signaling between pituitary LH androgens. To this end, we appraised 3-fold simultaneous overnight release (assayed high precision immunofluorometry), testosterone (RIA), androstenedione (RIA) in 12 an- or oligoovulatory adolescents with PCOS (mean +/- SEM age, 16.4 0.47 yr) 10 eumenorrheic girls (age, 16.5 0.45 yr). Gynecological (postmenarchal) ages...

To analyze a possible gonadal effect on the control of gonadotropin secretion during prepubertal period, we have measured luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating (FSH) serum concentrations in children with primary failure (PGF). We them using an ultrasensitive immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) single daytime sample compared results those obtained radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique. The patients were 22 PGF (13 girls 9 boys) aged 0.56-15.4 years 58 normal (28 30 0.08-16 years. In group...

Little is known about the neuroendocrine effects of androgens on GnRH-LH unit in females.Our objective was to evaluate androgen negative feedback axis eumenorrheic and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) adolescents.We conducted a prospective, longitudinal, randomized, double-blind study at pediatric endocrinology clinical research center.Seven nonobese PCOS adolescents seven matched controls (C) were studied early follicular phase three consecutive menstrual cycles or months.Pulsatile LH...

Introduction: Cushing’s syndrome (CS) constitutes one of the most challenging diagnostic assessments for paediatric endocrinologists. The clinical presentation some children with exogenous obesity overlaps those observed in hypercortisolism states. Accurate, non-invasive first-line tests are necessary to avoid false-positive results obese. We aimed evaluate accuracy salivary cortisol assess endogenous and overlapping signs CS. Methods: Case-control study that included aged 2–18 years,...

We recently demonstrated that adolescent girls with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) exhibit augmented LH secretion due to an increase in immunofluorometric and deconvolution-estimated secretory burst mass pulse frequency. Concurrently, we inferred either a prolongation of apparent (endogenous) half-life or elevated basal (nonpulsatile) release PCOS. The vivo molecules can be affected by the oligosaccharide side-chains, which also modify vitro bioactivity electrostatic change. Accordingly,...

The aim of this study was to quantify pulsatile LH secretion, burst frequency and mass, half-life, the approximate entropy (ApEn) or (dis-) orderliness release in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), combining a high-precision immunofluorimetric assay deconvolution techniques. We sampled concentration profiles every 20 min overnight 12 girls PCOS (mean +/- S.E.M. age 16.4+/-0.57 years, body mass index (BMI) 24.4+/-1.6 kg/m2) 11 eumenorrheic early-follicular-phase controls...