A5004253411- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Corporate Law and Human Rights
- Corporate Insolvency and Governance
- Corporate Governance and Law
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- American Constitutional Law and Politics
- Employment and Welfare Studies
- Law, Rights, and Freedoms
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Occupational Health and Safety Research
- Travel-related health issues
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Legal Systems and Judicial Processes
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
2012-2025
The Medical Center of Aurora
2025
Rocky Mountain MS Center
2024
University of Colorado Denver
2010-2018
Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration
2018
Veterans Health Administration
2016-2018
Virginia Commonwealth University
2016-2018
Colorado School of Public Health
2015-2018
Denver VA Medical Center
2016-2018
Jackson Memorial Hospital
2017
Although seasonal variation in tuberculosis incidence has been described several recent studies, the mechanism underlying this seasonality remains unknown. Seasonality of disease may indicate presence season-specific risk factors that could potentially be controlled if they were better understood. We conducted study to determine whether is United States and describe patterns specific populations.We performed a time series decomposition analysis cases reported Centers for Disease Control...
Background. Treatment initiation rapidly kills most drug-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but a bacterial subpopulation tolerates prolonged drug exposure. We evaluated drug-tolerant bacilli in human sputum by comparing messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of that survive the early bactericidal phase with treatment-naive bacilli. Methods. M. tuberculosis gene was quantified via reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction serial sputa from 17 Ugandans treated for pulmonary tuberculosis....
Abstract There is urgent need for new drug regimens that more rapidly cure tuberculosis (TB). Existing TB drugs and vary in treatment-shortening activity, but the molecular basis of these differences unclear, no existing assay directly quantifies ability a or regimen to shorten treatment. Here, we show historically classified as sterilizing non-sterilizing have distinct impacts on fundamental aspect Mycobacterium physiology: ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis. In culture, mice, human studies,...
Mycoplasma pneumoniae continues to be a significant cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). A more definitive methodology for reliable detection M. is needed identify outbreaks and prevent potentially fatal extrapulmonary complications.We analyzed 2 CAP due pneumoniae. Nasopharyngeal and/or oropharyngeal swab specimens serum samples were obtained from persons with clinically defined cases, household contacts, asymptomatic individuals. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was...
Animal models and data from influenza pandemics suggest that infection predisposes individuals to pneumococcal pneumonia. Influenza may contribute high winter rates of pneumonia during non-pandemic periods, but the magnitude this effect is unknown. With use United States surveillance 1995-2006, we estimated association between circulation invasive rates.Weekly incidence, defined by isolation pneumococci normally sterile sites in persons with clinical or radiographic pneumonia, was active...
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Tuberculosis lung lesions are complex and harbor heterogeneous microenvironments that influence antibiotic effectiveness. Major strides have been made recently in understanding drug pharmacokinetics pulmonary lesions, but the bacterial phenotypes arise under these conditions their contribution to tolerance poorly understood. A pharmacodynamic marker called RS ratio® quantifies ongoing rRNA synthesis based on abundance of newly synthesized precursor relative mature structural rRNA....
To determine why health workers fail to follow integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) guidelines for severely ill children at first-level outpatient facilities in rural areas the United Republic Tanzania.Retrospective and prospective case reviews aged < 5 years were conducted four districts. We ascertained treatment examined characteristics associated with referral, follow-up interviews parents children, gave questionnaires interviews.In total, 502 cases reviewed 62 facilities....
ABSTRACT Blood transcriptional signatures are promising for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis but have not been evaluated among U.S. patients. To be used clinically, classifiers need reproducible accuracy in diverse populations that vary genetic composition, disease spectrum and severity, comorbidities. In a prospective case-control study, we identified novel active TB patients systematically compared their to from published studies. samples HIV-uninfected adults with TB, pneumonia, or latent...
ABSTRACT A major challenge in tuberculosis (TB) therapeutics is that antibiotic exposure leads to changes the physiology of M. ( Mtb ), which may enable pathogen withstand treatment. While antibiotic-treated has been evaluated vitro experiments , it unclear if and how long-term vivo treatment with diverse antibiotics varying treatment-shortening activity (sterilizing activity) affects physiologic processes differently. Here, we used SEARCH-TB, a pathogen-targeted RNA-sequencing platform,...
Abstract Post-antibiotic effect (PAE) describes the delayed recovery of bacteria following antibiotic exposure. PAE is thought to underlie tuberculosis (TB) treatment forgiveness, i.e. capacity regimens tolerate non-adherence. The basis in Mycobacterium ( Mtb ) remains poorly understood, partly because has conventionally been measured based on change burden vitro rather than physiology vivo . We investigated physiologic BALB/c mouse model sub-curative 2- and 4-week durations standard...
Identification of optimal antibiotic combination treatments for tuberculosis (TB) in preclinical studies is impeded by the limited information conventional pharmacodynamic (PD) markers provide about drug interactions. Measurement individual activity based on colony forming units (CFU) does not reliably predict combinations, potentially because one may affect physiology Mycobacterium ( Mtb ) a way that either favors or disfavors second drug. SEARCH-TB novel candidate PD approach which uses...
Background. We investigated an outbreak of severe neurologic disease and pneumonia that occurred among students at 4 schools in Rhode Island. Methods. identified cases encephalitis, encephalomyelitis, schoolchildren from 1 September 2006 through 9 February 2007, we performed serologic tests, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, culture for the detection multiple pathogens oropharyngeal nasopharyngeal specimens. Students with positive results M. pneumoniae IgM testing no alternative...
Murine tuberculosis drug efficacy studies have historically monitored bacterial burden based on CFU of Mycobacterium in lung homogenate. In an alternative approach, a recently described molecular pharmacodynamic marker called the RS ratio quantifies effect fundamental cellular process, ongoing rRNA synthesis. Here, we evaluated ability different markers to distinguish between treatments three BALB/c mouse experiments at two institutions. We confirmed that measure distinct biological...
A major challenge for tuberculosis (TB) drug development is to prioritize promising combination regimens from a large and growing number of possibilities. This includes demonstrating individual contributions the activity higher-order combinations. BALB/c mouse TB infection model was used evaluate each pairwise in clinically relevant Nix-TB regimen [bedaquiline-pretomanid-linezolid (BPaL)] during first 3 weeks treatment at human equivalent doses. The rRNA synthesis (RS) ratio, an exploratory...
Cryptococcal infection occurs in HIV-seropositive patients and is associated with high mortality. However, limited information available on the prevalence outcomes of cryptococcal antigenemia among hospitalized sub-Saharan Africa.To determine risk factors for presenting to Mulago Hospital (Kampala, Uganda) unexplained cough ≥2 weeks suspected tuberculosis (TB) also if an increased mortality.Between September 2009 2010, we enrolled consecutive adults at TB. Banked serum was tested antigen. We...