A5069420370- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Legionella and Acanthamoeba research
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Water Treatment and Disinfection
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
Emory University
2003-2025
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
2013-2024
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2013-2024
Emory Global Health Institute
2022-2023
Aga Khan University
2022
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo
2020
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2016
Epidemic Intelligence Service
2000-2016
University of the Witwatersrand
2014-2016
National Research Foundation
2016
priate starting point for consultation by specialists.Substantial overlap exists among the patients whom these guidelines address and those discussed in recently published health care-associated pneumonia (HCAP).Pneumonia nonambulatory residents of nursing homes other long-term care facilities epidemiologically mirrors hospital-acquired should be treated according to HCAP guidelines.However, certain whose conditions are included designation better served management accordance with CAP...
Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<ContentsOverviewIntroductionMethodsRecommendationsConclusionsReferencesCITING ARTICLES
In early 2000, a protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccine targeting seven pneumococcal serotypes was licensed in the United States for use young children.We examined population-based data from Active Bacterial Core Surveillance of Centers Disease Control and Prevention to evaluate changes burden invasive disease, defined by isolation Streptococcus pneumoniae normally sterile site. Serotyping susceptibility testing isolates were performed. We assessed trends using geographic areas with...
Changes in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence were evaluated after 7 years of 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7) use US children.Laboratory-confirmed IPD cases identified during 1998-2007 by 8 active population-based surveillance sites. We compared overall, age group-specific, syndrome-specific, and serotype group-specific 2007 with that 1998-1999 (before PCV7) assessed potential coverage new formulations.Overall PCV7-type declined 45% (from 24.4 to 13.5 per 100,000 population) 94%...
Recent antibiotic therapy b A respiratory fluoroquinolone c alone, an advanced macrolide d plus high-dose amoxicillin, e or amoxicillin-clavulanate f Comorbidities (COPD, diabetes, renal congestive heart failure, malignancy) No recent An a alone b-lactam g Suspected aspiration with infection Amoxicillin-clavulanate clindamycin Influenza bacterial superinfection Inpatient Medical ward h (regimen selected will depend on nature of therapy) ICU Pseudomonas is not issue either but patient has...
The emergence of drug-resistant strains bacteria has complicated treatment decisions and may lead to failures.We examined data on invasive pneumococcal disease in patients identified from 1995 1998 the Active Bacterial Core Surveillance program Centers for Disease Control Prevention. Pneumococci that had a high level resistance or intermediate according definitions National Committee Clinical Laboratory Standards were defined as "resistant" this analysis.During 1998, 4013 cases Streptococcus...
The rate of bacterial meningitis declined by 55% in the United States early 1990s, when Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine for infants was introduced. More recent prevention measures such as pneumococcal and universal screening pregnant women group B streptococcus (GBS) have further changed epidemiology meningitis.
Five of seven serotypes in the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, introduced for infants United States 2000, are responsible most penicillin-resistant infections. We examined effect this vaccine on invasive disease caused by resistant strains.
The introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) into the U.S. childhood immunization schedule in 2000 has substantially reduced incidence vaccine-serotype invasive disease young children and unvaccinated older adults. By 2004, hospitalizations associated with pneumonia from any cause had also declined markedly among children. Because concerns about increases caused by nonvaccine serotypes, we wanted to determine whether reduction pneumonia-related been sustained through...
Invasive pneumococcal disease declined among children and adults after the introduction of pediatric heptavalent conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in 2000, but its effect on meningitis is unclear.We examined trends from 1998 through 2005 using active, population-based surveillance data eight sites United States. Isolates were grouped into PCV7 serotypes (4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, 23F), PCV7-related (6A, 9A, 9L, 9N, 18A, 18B, 18F, 19B, 19C, 23A, 23B), non-PCV7 (all others). Changes incidence assessed...
BackgroundSerotype 19A invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) increased annually in the United States after introduction of 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7). To understand this increase, we characterized serotype isolates recovered during 2005
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a serious infection in young infants. A heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was licensed 2000 and recommended for all children aged 2 to 23 months.To determine the rates of invasive disease (IPD) infants before after PCV7 incorporated into childhood immunization schedule June 2000.A prospective, population-based study 0 90 days who resided areas 8 US states with active laboratory surveillance S infections from July 1, 1997, 30, 2004.Rates...
In a pooled analysis of data collected from invasive pneumococcal disease surveillance databases, Daniel Feikin and colleagues examine serotype replacement after the introduction 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7) into national immunization programs. Please see later in article for Editors' Summary
In South Africa, a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in 2009 with three-dose schedule for infants at 6, 14, and 36 weeks of age; 13-valent (PCV13) replaced PCV7 2011. 2012, it estimated that 81% 12-month-old children had received three doses vaccine. We assessed the effect vaccination on invasive disease.We conducted national, active, laboratory-based surveillance disease. calculated change incidence disease from prevaccine (baseline) period (2005 through 2008) to...
The measurement of pneumococcal carriage in the nasopharyngeal reservoir is subject to potential confounders that include low-density and multiple-strain colonization. To compare different methodologies, we picked a random sampling 100 specimens recovered from infants less than 2 years age who were previously assessed for serotypes by conventional method used direct plating transport/storage medium (50 culture negative 50 positive pneumococci). We broth enrichment approach PCR (with without...
The large and growing number of viral bacterial pathogens responsible for respiratory infections poses a challenge laboratories seeking to provide rapid comprehensive pathogen identification. We evaluated novel application the TaqMan low-density array (TLDA) cards real-time PCR detection 21 respiratory-pathogen targets. performance TLDA was compared that individual (IRTP) assays with same primers probes using (i) nucleic acids extracted from strains 66 closely related viruses bacteria (ii)...
Two pneumococcal vaccines are currently licensed for use in the United States: 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13 [Prevnar 13, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a subsidiary of Pfizer Inc.]) and 23-valent polysaccharide (PPSV23 [Pneumovax 23, Merck Co., Inc.]). The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends that dose PCV13 be followed by PPSV23 all adults aged ≥65 years who have not previously received persons ≥2 at high risk disease because underlying medical conditions...