A5005460474- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Agriculture and Biological Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Medical Coding and Health Information
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes
- Gut microbiota and health
- Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Enterobacteriaceae and Cronobacter Research
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Forensic and Genetic Research
University of Pittsburgh
2005-2025
New York Proton Center
2023-2024
Communities In Schools of Orange County
2023-2024
Oregon Medical Research Center
2023-2024
Lindsay Unified School District
2023-2024
Center for Genomic Science
2023
Manhattan Institute for Policy Research
2023
Gastrointestinal colonization by the nosocomial pathogen vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) can lead to bloodstream infections with high mortality rates. Shifts in VREfm lineages found within healthcare settings occur, but reasons underlying these changes are not understood. Here we sequenced 710 clinical isolates collected between 2017 and 2022 from a large tertiary care centre. Genomic analyses revealed polyclonal population, although 46% of formed genetically related...
New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) is an emergent mechanism of carbapenem resistance associated with high mortality and limited treatment options. Because the bla
Abstract Background Seasonal respiratory viruses contribute to substantial healthcare burden, marked by elevated rates of hospitalizations, morbidity and mortality. The transmission dynamics in adult acute care hospitals are not well described. To address this, we performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) surveillance investigate SARS-CoV-2, RSV, influenza among hospitalized patients a single health system. Methods From August 30, 2023 March 31, 2024, nasal swab specimens positive for...
Abstract Background Healthcare associated infections (HAI) are common hospital complications with increased length of stay, economic burden, morbidity, and mortality. Traditionally, HAI outbreaks were detected using reactive whole genome sequencing (WGS); however, costs decreasing over time, WGS has become a practical tool for the real time detection nosocomial outbreaks. This study describes such methods, provides cost analysis, reviews notable observed while performing surveillance HAIs....
ABSTRACT Background Vancomycin-resistant enterococcal (VRE) infections pose significant challenges in healthcare. Transmission dynamics of VRE are complex, often involving patient colonization and subsequent transmission through various healthcare-associated vectors. We utilized a whole genome sequencing (WGS) surveillance program at our institution to better understand the contribution clinical colonizing isolates transmission. Methods performed on 352 collected over 34 months 891 rectal...
Abstract Co-occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and serious mental illnesses (SMI) is prevalent yet underappreciated, significantly contributes to increased morbidity reduced lifespan. There is, therefore, a need identify T2D risk factors inform preventative approaches the care SMI-diagnosed patients. Our objective was use predictive modeling methods capture for in sample 618,203 Veterans using data obtained from hospital electronic health records (EHR). This case-control study...
We describe 2 cases of extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection caused by a strain public health concern, as it was recently associated with nationwide outbreak contaminated artificial tears. Both were detected through database review genomes in the Enhanced Detection System for Hospital-Associated Transmission (EDS-HAT), routine genome sequencing-based surveillance program. generated high-quality reference from an isolate our center and examined mobile elements encoding...
Chromosome 5q22–33 is a region where studies have repeatedly found evidence for linkage to schizophrenia. In this report, we took stepwise approach systematically map in the Irish Study of High Density Schizophrenia Families (ISHDSF, 267 families, 1337 subjects) sample. We typed 289 SNPs critical interval 8 million basepairs and 758 kb coding SPEC2/PDZ-GEF2/ACSL6 genes be associated with disease. Using sex genotype-conditioned transmission disequilibrium test analyses, that 19 24 markers...
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We describe two cases of XDR
ABSTRACT Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) is a prevalent healthcare-acquired pathogen. Gastrointestinal colonization can lead to difficult-to-treat bloodstream infections with high mortality rates. Prior studies have investigated VREfm population structure within healthcare centers. However, little known about how and why hospital-adapted populations change over time. We sequenced 710 healthcare-associated clinical isolates from 2017-2022 large tertiary care center as part...
ABSTRACT Background Current methods are insufficient alone for outbreak detection in hospitals. Real-time genomic surveillance using offers the potential to detect otherwise unidentified outbreaks. We initiated and evaluated Enhanced Detection System Healthcare-associated Transmission (EDS-HAT), a real-time program mitigation. Methods This study was conducted at UPMC Presbyterian Hospital from November 2021 October 2023. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) performed weekly on healthcare-associated...
2. Abstract Introduction Outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) result in substantial patient morbidity and mortality; mitigation efforts by infection prevention teams have the potential to curb outbreaks prevent transmission additional patients. The incorporation whole genome sequencing (WGS) surveillance suspected high-risk pathogens often identifies that are not detected traditional methods provides evidence for transmission. Our approach real-time WGS surveillance, Enhanced...
Many candidate gene association studies have evaluated incomplete, unrepresentative sets of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), producing non‐significant results that are difficult to interpret. Using a rapid, efficient strategy designed investigate all common SNPs, we tested associations between schizophrenia and two positional genes: ACSL6 (Acyl‐Coenzyme A synthetase long‐chain family member 6) SIRT5 (silent mating type information regulation 2 homologue 5). We initially the utility...
ABSTRACT Background New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) represents an emergent mechanism of carbapenem resistance associated with high mortality and limited antimicrobial treatment options. Because the bla NDM gene is often carried on plasmids, traditional infection prevention control (IP&C) surveillance methods like speciation, testing, reactive whole genome sequencing (WGS) may not detect plasmid transfer in multispecies outbreaks. Methods Initial outbreak detection NDM-producing...
Abstract Objective: To evaluate the utility of selective reactive whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in aiding healthcare-associated cluster investigations. Design: Mixed-methods quality-improvement study. Setting: Thes study was conducted across 8 acute-care facilities an integrated health system. Methods: We analyzed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) clusters between May 2020 and July 2022 for which facility infection prevention control (IPC) teams selectively requested WGS to aid...
Abstract Objective: Prior studies evaluating the impact of discontinuation contact precautions (DcCP) on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) outcomes have characterized all healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) rather than those likely preventable by precautions. We aimed to analyze DcCP rate MRSA HAI including transmission events identified through whole genome sequencing (WGS) surveillance. Design: Quasi experimental interrupted time series. Setting: Acute care medical...
ABSTRACT Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is used to establish genetic relatedness of bacteria and track outbreaks in healthcare settings. While WGS provides sufficient discriminatory power make inferences about transmission for most bacterial species, Clostridioides difficile often fails provide power, even at low single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) differences. Multi-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA), which analyzes rapidly mutating loci has previously been shown be useful...
Background: Detection of outbreaks traditionally relies on passive surveillance, and often misidentify or miss outbreaks. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) surveillance has emerged as a proactive measure, enabling early detection facilitating rapid intervention strategies. WGS not been widely studied due to infrastructure, cost, evidence barriers regarding its impact reducing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). This study represents findings from two years real-time program called the...
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to content, full PDF via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to content, full HTML content provided on page. A PDF of also in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Background: Detecting healthcare-associated transmission and outbreaks often relies on reactive whole-genome sequencing (WGS), which occurs after the suspected has occurred. Additionally, WGS frequently misidentifies misses when it We initiated weekly real-time to detect bacterial direct infection prevention interventions. describe our experience 1 year of surveillance at University Pittsburgh Medical Center–Presbyterian Hospital, a large, tertiary-care facility. Methods: Weekly was...
Background: Identifying and interrupting transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 resulting disease (COVID-19) in acute-care settings can be challenging due to incubation period, asymptomatic infection, prevalent community disease. To elucidate routes infection interrupt COVID-19 outbreaks with uncertain epidemiological chains transmission, UPMC utilized reactive whole-genome sequencing (WGS) viral specimens. Methods: prevention teams identified healthcare-associated...