A5023698903- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Immune cells in cancer
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Complement system in diseases
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Antimicrobial agents and applications
- Biomedical Research and Pathophysiology
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Fungal Infections and Studies
Royal Veterinary College
2014-2024
Aberystwyth University
2021-2024
Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences
2021-2023
Hope College
2017-2019
University of London
2017
University of Birmingham
1988-1990
Background: Bovine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) constitutively express the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) TLR2 and TLR4 have been shown to generate Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) upon exposure Eimeria bovis. The present work investigated role of in recognition uptake E. bovis sporozoites, IL-8 production neutrophil trap (NET) formation. Methods: TLR expression was performed by flow cytometric analysis on PMN exposed live carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE)-stained...
There is strong evidence that high yielding dairy cows are extremely susceptible to infectious diseases, and this has severe economic consequences for the industry welfare implications. Here we present preliminary functional showing innate immune response differs between cow breeds. The ability of macrophages (MØ) kill pathogens depends in part on oxygen-dependent independent mechanisms. mechanisms rely generation reactive oxygen nitrogen species (ROS/RNS, respectively). ROS production been...
A greater understanding of the genes involved in antibiotic resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is necessary for design improved therapies. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat interference (CRISPRi) has been previously utilized mycobacteria to identify novel drug targets by demonstration gene essentiality. The work presented here shows that it can also be usefully applied study non-essential resistance. expression an ADP-ribosyltransferase (Arr) rifampicin...
Recent evidence suggests that several cattle breeds may be more resistant to infection with the zoonotic pathogen Mycobacterium bovis. Our data presented here response mycobacterial antigens varies in macrophages generated from Brown Swiss (BS) and Holstein Friesian (HF) cattle, two belonging Bos taurus family. Whole genome sequencing of identified potential candidate genes, particular Toll-like Receptor-2 (TLR2), a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) has previously been described involved...
PRRs are sentinels of the innate immune system, with TLRs being most important. Assays for TLR ligand interactions have been used to gain insights into their function and signaling pathways. As significant differences exist between species regard recognition, it is necessary adapt these tools other species. In present work, we describe a species-specific cell-based assay adapted analysis single PRRs. Human embryonic kidney 293T cells were stably transfected NF-κB-inducible reporter gene...
Staphylococcus aureus, sequence type (ST) 398, is an emerging pathogen and the leading cause of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant aureus infections in Europe North America. This strain characterised by high promiscuity terms host species also lacks several traditional S. virulence factors. does not however explain apparent ease with which it crosses species-barriers. Recently, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) inhibitng innate immune response were identified some Gram-negative...
Tuberculosis has severe impacts on both humans and animals. Understanding the genetic basis of survival Mycobacterium tuberculosis, human-adapted species, bovis, animal-adapted is crucial to deciphering biology pathogens. There are several studies that identify genes required for M. tuberculosis
OPINION article Front. Immunol., 27 May 2013Sec. Vaccines and Molecular Therapeutics Volume 4 - 2013 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2013.00124
Iron is an essential nutrient for bacterial growth. Therefore, bacteria have evolved chelation mechanisms to acquire iron their survival. Enterobactin, a chelator with high affinity the ferric ion, secreted by Escherichia coli (E. coli) and contributes its improved fitness. In this preliminary study, we evaluated enterobactin deficiency both in vitro vivo context of E. mastitis. Firstly, showed that expression lipocalin-2, protein produced host able bind deplete enterobactin, increased upon...
Members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) show distinct host adaptations, preferences and phenotypes despite being >99% identical at nucleic acid level. Previous studies have explored gene expression changes between members, however few probed differences in essentiality. To better understand functional impacts bovis tuberculosis, we used Mycomar T7 phagemid delivery system to generate whole genome transposon libraries laboratory strains both species compared essentiality...
Abstract Sensory fibres in the isolated metathoracic leg of houseflies were used as a neurophysiological assay to investigate nerve insensitivity factors knockdown‐resistant strains (kdr, super‐kdr) against DDT, pyrethroids deltamethrin and RU15525, N‐alkyl amide BTG502. Several effects induced by these compounds, but only consistent one was an elevation spontaneously occurring firing rate. Whilst both resistant possess factor, that more super‐kdr flies appeared be weaker than kdr. When...
Abstract The role of macrophage (MØ) cellular metabolism and reprogramming during TB infection is great interest due to the influence Mycobacterium spp. on MØ bioenergetics. Recent studies have shown that M. tuberculosis induces a TLR2-dependent shift towards aerobic glycolysis metabolic reprogramming, comparable established LPS induced pro-inflammatory M1 polarisation. Distinct differences in profile murine human indicates species-specific So far, examining potential cattle are lacking,...
The role of macrophage (MØ) cellular metabolism and reprogramming during TB infection is great interest due to the influence Mycobacterium spp. on MØ bioenergetics. Recent studies have shown that M. tuberculosis induces a TLR2-dependent shift towards aerobic glycolysis, comparable established LPS induced pro-inflammatory M1 polarisation. Distinct differences in metabolic profile murine human indicates species-specific So far, examining potential bovine are lacking, thus basic bioenergetics...
Innate immune receptors that form complexes with secondary receptors, activating multiple signalling pathways, modulate cellular activation and play essential roles in regulating homeostasis immunity. We have previously identified a variety of bovine C-type lectin-like possess similar functionality than their human orthologues. Mincle ( CLEC4E ), heavily glycosylated monomer, is involved the recognition mycobacterial component Cord factor (trehalose 6,6′-dimycolate). Here we characterise...
Abstract The electrical activity of abdominal nerves the housefly, Musca domestica L., was used as a bioassay to study nerve sensitivity DDT and deltamethrin in susceptible (Cooper) resistant ( kdr, super‐kdr ) strains. By this technique strains were less sensitive (approximately 10 000‐fold) than Cooper, but could not distinguish between kdr their responses either compound so account for greater resistance shown by flies with above when these insecticides are applied topically. Although...
Recent evidence suggests that several cattle breeds may be more resistant to infection with the zoonotic pathogen Mycobacterium bovis than others. Our data presented here response mycobacterial antigens varies in macrophages generated from Brown Swiss (BS) and Holstein Frisian (HF) cattle, two belonging Bos taurus family. Whole genome sequencing of identified potential candidate genes, particular Toll-like Receptor-2 (TLR2) a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) has previously been described...