Epidemiological and biochemical studies show that the sporadic forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are characterized by following hallmarks : (a) An exponential increase with age ; (b) Selective neuronal vulnerability (c) Inverse cancer comorbidity. The present article appeals to these evaluate contrast two competing models AD amyloid hypothesis (a neuron-centric mechanism) Warburg neuron-astrocytic mechanism). We three conflict hypothesis, but consistent a bioenergetic model which postulates...

This paper introduces two new demographic parameters, the entropy and reproductive potential of a population. The population measures variability contribution different age classes to stationary distribution. mean growth rate. Using relation between these Malthusian parameter, it is shown that in random mating Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, under slow selection, rate change equal genetic variance minus covariance potential. result an analogue Fisher's fundamental theorem natural selection.

Over the course of twentieth century, human life expectancy at birth rose in high-income nations by approximately 30 years, largely driven advances public health and medicine. Mortality reduction was observed initially an early age continued into middle older ages. However, it unclear whether this phenomenon resulting accelerated rise would continue twenty-first century. Here using demographic survivorship metrics from national vital statistics eight countries with longest-lived populations...

We present a formalism to investigate directionality principles in evolution theory for populations, the dynamics of which can be described by positive matrix cocycle (product random matrices). For latter, we establish version Perron-Frobenius extends all known results and enables us characterize equilibrium state corresponding abstract symbolic dynamical system an extremal principle. develop thermodynamic systems, this framework prove that top Lyapunov exponent is analytic function...

Abstract This paper discusses the properties of cancer cells from a new perspective based on an analogy with phase transitions in physical systems. Similarities terms instabilities and attractor states are outlined differences discussed. While typically occur at or near thermodynamic equilibrium, normal-to-cancer (NTC) transition is dynamical non-equilibrium phenomenon, which depends both metabolic energy supply local physiological conditions. A number implications for preventative...

Individual differences in the rate of aging are determined by efficiency with which an organism transforms resources into metabolic energy thus maintaining homeostatic condition its cells and tissues. This observation has been integrated analytical studies process to derive following principle: The stability regulatory networks, that is ability maintain stable concentrations reactive oxygen species (ROS) other critical metabolites prime determinant life span. a network diversity pathways or...

Caloric restriction increases life span in many types of animals. This article proposes a mechanism for this effect based on the hypothesis that metabolic stability, capacity an organism to maintain steady state values redox couples, is prime determinant longevity. We integrate stability-longevity with molecular model activity (quantum metabolism), and entropic theory evolutionary change (directionality theory), propose proximate rationale aging. The mechanistic features new aging are...

Abstract Background Most cancer cells, in contrast to normal differentiated rely on aerobic glycolysis instead of oxidative phosphorylation generate metabolic energy, a phenomenon called the Warburg effect. Model Quantum metabolism is an analytic theory regulation which exploits methodology quantum mechanics derive allometric rules relating cellular rate and cell size. This explains differences rates cells utilizing OxPhos glycolysis. article appeals relation between evolutionary entropy -...

Genetic homeostasis is the term used to define condition of population equilibrium in which phenotypic composition insensitive environmental changes. In variable environments, this achieved by superior adaptedness heterozygous genotypes. I use demographic describe ability birth sequence maintain its stable trajectory when subject disturbances. This characterized variability contribution different age classes age-distribution. measured entropy parameter. A crucial component fitness speed...