A5083646784- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Sleep and related disorders
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Immune cells in cancer
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Trauma and Emergency Care Studies
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Noise Effects and Management
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Blood transfusion and management
- Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
- Signaling Pathways in Disease
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Body Composition Measurement Techniques
Minneapolis VA Health Care System
2013-2024
University of Minnesota
2010-2024
University of Minnesota Medical Center
2022-2023
Minnesota Veterans Medical Research and Education Foundation
2018
United States Department of Veterans Affairs
2015
Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center
2012
Veterans Health Administration
2011-2012
Michigan State University
2001-2007
The orexins (hypocretins) are a family of peptides found primarily in neurons the lateral hypothalamus. Although orexinergic system is generally thought to be same across species, involved behaviors which show considerable interspecific variability. There few direct cross-species comparisons distributions cells and fibers containing these peptides. Here, we addressed possibility that there might important species differences by systematically examining directly comparing distribution within...
We evaluated the EchoMRI-900 combination rat and mouse quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR) body composition method in comparison to traditional whole-body chemical carcass analysis (CCA) for measurements of fat fat-free mass rodents. Live postmortem (PM) QMR lean were obtained lean, obese outbred strains rats mice, compared with using CCA. A second group was measured before after 18 h food or water deprivation. Significant positive correlations between CCA shown mice. Although all live...
Excess dietary saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid (PA) induce peripheral and hypothalamic inflammation. Hypothalamic inflammation, mediated in part by microglial activation, contributes to metabolic dysregulation. In rodents, high fat diet-induced activation results nuclear translocation of factor-kappa B (NFκB), increased central pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) interleukin-6 (IL-6). The neuropeptide orexin A (OXA, hypocretin 1) is neuroprotective...
Obesity, a known risk factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD), increases the activation microglia, leading to proinflammatory phenotype. Our previous work shows that high fat diet (HFD) can cause neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in mice. We hypothesized brain microglia obesity exacerbates AD pathology accumulation amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques. Presently, we tested function 8-month-old male female APP/PS1 mice fed HFD, starting at 1.5 months age. Locomotor activity, anxiety-like behavior,...
The microglial fatty-acid-binding protein 4-uncoupling 2 (FABP4-UCP2) axis is a key regulator of neuroinflammation in high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed animals, indicating role for FABP4 brain immune response. We hypothesized that the FABP4-UCP2 involved regulating diet-induced cognitive decline. tested function mice lacking (AKO mice). Fifteen-week-old male AKO and wild-type (WT) were maintained on 60% HFD or normal chow (NC) 12 weeks. Body composition was measured using EchoMRI. Locomotor activity,...
Abstract Objective Chronic multisymptom illness (CMI) is an idiopathic disease affecting thousands of U.S. Veterans exposed to open-air burn pits emitting aerosolized particulate matter (PM) while serving in Central and Southwest Asia Africa. Exposure pit PM can result profound biologic consequences including chronic fatigue, impaired cognition, respiratory diseases. Dysregulated or unresolved inflammation a possible underlying mechanism for CMI onset. We describe rat model whole-body...
The ability to multiplex assays in studies of complex cellular mechanisms eliminates the need for repetitive experiments, provides internal controls, and decreases waste costs reagents. Here we describe optimization a assay assess apoptosis following palmitic acid (PA) challenge an vitro hypothalamic model, using both fluorescent luminescent based measure viable cell counts caspase-3/7 activity 96-well microtiter plate format. Following PA challenge, cells were determined by resazurin-based...
Nanoparticles found in air pollutants can alter neurotransmitter profiles, increase neuroinflammation, and brain function. Therefore, the assay described here will aid elucidating role of microglia neuroinflammation neurodegenerative diseases. The use microglia, resident immune cells brain, as a surrogate biosensor provides novel insight into how inflammatory responses mediate neuronal insults. Here, we utilize an immortalized murine microglial cell line, designated BV2, describe method for...
Microglial fatty-acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is a regulator of neuroinflammation. We hypothesized that the link between lipid metabolism and inflammation indicates role for FABP4 in regulating high fat diet (HFD)-induced cognitive decline. have previously shown obese knockout mice exhibit decreased neuroinflammation wild type were fed 60% HFD 12 weeks starting at 15 old. Hippocampal tissue was dissected RNA-seq performed to measure differentially expressed transcripts. Reactome molecular...
Avariety of nonphotic influences on circadian rhythms have been documented in mammals. In hamsters, one such influence, running a novel wheel, is mediated part by the pathway extending from neuropeptide-Y (NPY)-containing cells within intergeniculate leaflet (IGL) thalamus to hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Arvicanthis niloticus species which all individuals are diurnal with respect general activity and body temperature when they housed without but access wheel induces subset...