A5081352047- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Genomics and Rare Diseases
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Sodium Intake and Health
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Esophageal Cancer Research and Treatment
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- BRCA gene mutations in cancer
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
University of the Witwatersrand
2019-2025
AgroParisTech
2011-2018
Université Paris-Saclay
2017-2018
Écologie, Systématique et Évolution
2011-2018
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2011-2018
Université Paris-Sud
2011-2018
Génétique Quantitative et Évolution Le Moulon
2014-2017
Université Paris Cité
2011-2015
Sorbonne Université
2015
Centre de Génétique Moléculaire
2015
Sex chromosomes can display successive steps of recombination suppression known as "evolutionary strata," which are thought to result from the linkage sexually antagonistic genes sex-determining genes. However, there is little evidence support this explanation. Here we investigate whether evolutionary strata evolve without sexual antagonism using fungi that suppressed extending beyond loci determining mating compatibility despite lack male/female roles associated with their types. By...
BackgroundRapid epidemiological health transitions occurring in vulnerable populations Africa that have an existing burden of infectious and non-communicable diseases predict increased risk consequent prevalence kidney disease. However, few studies characterised the true damage associated factors Africans. We investigated markers for known rural urban settings sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsIn this cross-sectional population study (Africa Wits-International Network Demographic Evaluation...
Human gut microbiome research focuses on populations living in high-income countries and to a lesser extent, non-urban agriculturalist hunter-gatherer societies. The scarcity of between these extremes limits our understanding how the microbiota relates health disease majority world's population. Here, we evaluate composition transitioning South African using short- long-read sequencing. We analyze stool from adult females rural Bushbuckridge (n = 118) or urban Soweto 51) find that...
Through the local selection of landraces, humans have guided adaptation crops to a vast range climatic and ecological conditions. This is particularly true maize, which was domesticated in restricted area Mexico but now displays one broadest cultivated ranges worldwide. Here, we sequenced 67 genomes with an average sequencing depth 18x document routes introduction, admixture selective history European maize its American counterparts. To avoid confounding effects recent breeding, targeted...
Spatially varying selection triggers differential adaptation of local populations. Here, we mined the determinants at genomewide scale in two closest maize wild relatives, teosintes Zea mays ssp parviglumis and ssp. mexicana. We sequenced 120 individuals from six populations: lowland, intermediate highland populations sampled along altitudinal gradients. detected 8 479 581 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covered with an average sequencing depth per site population ranging 17.0× to...
Abstract Background Hypertension is an important public health priority with a high prevalence in Africa. It also independent risk factor for kidney outcomes. We aimed to identify potential proteins and pathways involved hypertension-associated albuminuria by assessing urinary proteomic profiles black South African participants combined hypertension compared those who have neither condition. Methods The study included 24 cases both 49 control had Protein was extracted from urine samples...
Abstract Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have characterized the contribution of common variants to breast cancer (BC) risk in populations European ancestry, however GWAS not been reported resident African populations. This included 2485 BC cases and 1101 population matched controls. Two loci were identified, located between UNC13C RAB27A on chromosome 15 (rs7181788, p = 1.01 × 10 −08 ) USP22 17 (rs899342, 4.62 ). Several genome-wide significant signals also detected hormone receptor...
Abstract Introduction: Breast cancer genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 200 susceptibility loci, many replicated in diverse populations. However, cross-ancestry evaluation of breast genetic architecture remains limited. We examined using GWAS summary results from European (EUR; cases (ca) = 188,474, controls (co) 96,201), East Asian (EAS; ca 20,393, co 86,329), African American (AA; 9,235, 10,184), and US Hispanic/Latina Latin (H/L; 2,396, =7,468) studies. Methods:...
Atherosclerosis precedes the onset of clinical manifestations cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We used carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) to investigate genetic susceptibility atherosclerosis in 7894 unrelated adults (3963 women, 3931 men; 40 60 years) resident four sub-Saharan African countries. cIMT was measured by ultrasound and genotyping performed on H3Africa SNP Array. Two new African-specific genome-wide significant loci for mean-max cIMT, SIRPA (p = 4.7E-08), FBXL17 2.5E-08), were...
Carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) is a measurement of subclinical atherosclerosis that predicts future cardiovascular events, including stroke and myocardial infarction. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified only fraction the genetic variants associated with cIMT. We performed largest GWAS for cIMT involving up to 131,000 individuals. For first time, we meta-analysed diverse range ancestries populations African, Asian (Chinese), Brazilian, European, Hispanic...
Background and objectives Recessive inheritance of African-specific APOL1 kidney risk variants is associated with higher nondiabetic disease, progression to failure, early-onset albuminuria that precedes eGFR decline. The effect on disease in continental Africans understudied. Objectives this study were determine allele prevalence associations between genotypes West, East, South Africa. Design, setting, participants, & measurements This cross-sectional population-based four African...
Gene presence-absence polymorphisms segregating within species are a significant source of genetic variation but have been little investigated to date in natural populations. In plant pathogens, the gain or loss genes encoding proteins interacting directly with host, such as secreted proteins, probably plays an important role coevolution and local adaptation. We gene polymorphism populations two closely related castrating anther-smut fungi, Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae (MvSl) M....
The extent to which social organization of human societies impacts the patterns genetic diversity remains an open question. Here, we investigate transmission reproductive success in patrilineal and cognatic populations from Central Asia using a coalescent approach.We performed study on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Y chromosome polymorphism Asia. We reconstructed gene genealogies each population for both kind markers inferred imbalance level these genealogies, parameter directly related...
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have predominantly focused on populations of European and Asian ancestry, limiting our understanding genetic factors influencing kidney disease in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) populations. This study presents the largest GWAS for urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) SSA individuals, including 8,970 participants living different regions an additional 9,705 non-resident individuals ancestry from UK Biobank American cohorts.
Chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine have been proposed as potential treatments for COVID-19. These drugs warning labels use in individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Analysis of whole genome sequence data 458 from sub-Saharan Africa showed significant G6PD variation across the continent. We identified nine variants, which four are potentially deleterious to function, and one (rs1050828) that is known cause supplemented rs1050828 variant genotype array over 11,000...
<ns3:p>Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provide huge information on statistically significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with various human complex traits and diseases. By performing GWAS studies, scientists have successfully identified the of hundreds thousands to millions SNPs a single phenotype. Moreover, some rare diseases has been intensively tested. However, classic not yet provided solid, knowledgeable insight into functional biological mechanisms...
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are a powerful method to detect associations between variants and phenotypes. A GWAS requires several complex computations with large data sets, many steps may need be repeated varying parameters. Manual running of these analyses can tedious, error-prone hard reproduce.The H3AGWAS workflow from the Pan-African Bioinformatics Network for H3Africa is powerful, scalable portable implementing pre-association analysis, implementation various testing methods...
Atherosclerosis is a key contributor to the burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and many epidemiological studies have reported on effect smoking carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) its subsequent CVD risk. Gene-environment interaction contributed towards understanding some missing heritability genome-wide association studies. Gene-smoking interactions cIMT been studied in non-African populations (European, Latino-American African American) but no comparable research has reported. Our...