A5041755687- Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Plant Diversity and Evolution
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
- Climate variability and models
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Forest Management and Policy
- Agroforestry and silvopastoral systems
- Metallurgy and Material Science
- Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
Environmental Defense Fund
2013-2024
Retractable Technologies (United States)
2024
Duke University
1999-2023
Southwestern University
2023
Georgetown University
2023
University at Buffalo, State University of New York
2023
University of Houston
2023
University of Michigan
2023
University of Iowa
2023
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2023
In this century, increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere are expected to cause warmer surface temperatures changes precipitation patterns. At same time, reactive nitrogen is entering natural systems at unprecedented rates. These global environmental have consequences for functioning ecosystems, responses these may feed back affect climate atmospheric composition. Here, we report plant growth an ecosystem exposed factorial...
Abstract Viable nature-based climate solutions (NbCS) are needed to achieve goals expressed in international agreements like the Paris Accord. Many NbCS pathways have strong scientific foundations and can deliver meaningful benefits but effective mitigation is undermined by with less certainty. Here we couple an extensive literature review expert elicitation on 43 find that at present most used pathways, such as tropical forest conservation, a solid basis for mitigation. However, experts...
Belowground vertical community composition and maximum rooting depth of the Edwards Plateau central Texas were determined by using DNA sequence variation to identify roots from caves 5–65 m deep. Roots identified comparing their sequences for internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region 18S–26S ribosomal repeat against a reference ITS database developed woody plants region. Sequencing provides, our knowledge, first universal method identifying plant roots. At least six tree species in system...
ABSTRACT Gonadogenesis in the Drosophila embryo is a complex process involving numerous cellular migratory steps and cell-cell interactions. The mechanisms guiding germ cells to move through, recognize adhere specific cell types are poorly understood. In order identify genes that required for these processes, we have conducted an extensive mutagenesis of third chromosome screened mutations disrupting migration at any point embryonic development. Phenotypic analysis mutants demonstrates can...
One of the major determinants species richness is amount energy available, often measured as primary productivity. Heterogeneity environmental variables has also been found to influence richness. Predicting distributions across landscapes and identifying areas that have high richness, or vulnerable groups species, useful for land management. Remotely sensed data may help identify such areas, with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) providing an estimate We examined relationship...
Context There have been few long-term studies of the flora, phenology, and ecology specific reserves in species-rich flora Southwest Australian Floristic Region. Aims This project, extending over five decades, aimed to develop an authoritative list acquire data on threatened species, endemism, old young landscapes, phytogeography, lineages, fire responses at Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve. Methods The study used botanical collection repeat surveys, herbarium studies, granite outcrop surveys...
ABSTRACT The Drosophila kismet gene was identified in a screen for dominant suppressors of Polycomb, repressor homeotic genes. Here we show that mutations suppress the Polycomb mutant phenotype by blocking ectopic transcription Loss zygotic function causes transformations similar to those associated with loss-of-function genes Sex combs reduced and Abdominal-B. is also required proper larval body segmentation. maternal segmentation defects caused pair-rule even-skipped. encodes several large...
The trithorax group gene brahma (brm) encodes the ATPase subunit of a chromatin-remodeling complex involved in homeotic regulation. We report here that brm interacts with another gene, osa, to regulate expression Antennapedia P2 promoter. Regulation by BRM and OSA proteins requires sequences 5' Loss maternal osa function causes severe segmentation defects, indicating is not limited protein contains an ARID domain, DNA-binding domain also present yeast SWI1 Drosophila DRI proteins. propose...
ABSTRACT In Drosophila as well many vertebrate systems, germ cells form extraembryonically and migrate into the embryo before navigating toward gonadal mesodermal cells. How mesoderm attracts migratory is not understood in any system. We have taken a genetic approach to identify genes required for cell migration Drosophila. Here we describe role of zfh-1 mesoderm. mutant embryos, initial association blocked. Loss activity disrupts development two distinct populations: caudal visceral...
Gonad formation requires specific interactions between germ cells and specialized somatic cells, along with the elaborate morphogenetic movements of these to create an ovary or testis. We have identified mutations in fear intimacy (foi) gene that cause defects embryonic gonad Drosophila. foi is particular interest because it affects without affecting cell identity, therefore specifically required for morphogenesis this organ. also tracheal branch fusion during development. E-cadherin/shotgun...
Several initiatives to conserve, restore or better manage fisheries, fishes, whales, and other marine mammals have been proposed as natural climate solutions sequester carbon from the atmosphere avoid new emissions. We reviewed knowledge uncertainties surrounding fluxes storage mediated by these organisms evaluate their suitability support mitigation interventions. Estimates of stored within fish mammal biomass ranged 0.1-1.9 Pg C for mesopelagic 0.0020-0.016 great 0.0065-0.0113 all mammals,...
Abstract As part of a large project to determine rooting depth and resource uptake on the Edwards Plateau central Texas, we developed DNA‐based technique that allows below‐ground parts all plants be identified level genus usually species. Identification is achieved by comparing DNA sequences internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region 18S–26S nuclear ribosomal repeat, derived from plant material, with reference ITS database for at site. The method works throughout because can PCR amplified...
ABSTRACT During gastrulation, the Drosophila mesoderm invaginates and forms a single cell layer in close juxtaposition to overlying ectoderm. Subsequently, particular types within are specified along anteroposterior dorsoventral axes. The exact developmental pathways that guide specification of different not well understood. We have analyzed relationship between two mesodermal tissues embryo, gonadal fat body. Both arise from lateral eve domain. Whereas domain parasegments 10-12 develops...
Drosophila germ cell migration is directed by attractive and repulsive guidance cues. We have identified a novel gene, slow as molasses (slam), which required for migration. In slam zygotic mutants, cells fail to transit off the midgut into mesoderm. show that at this stage in parallel HMG Coenzyme A reductase, previously gene. Removal of both maternal results an earlier defect: failure form cellular blastoderm. Consistent with phenotype, we found one earliest genes be transcribed embryo,...
We report here on a chemical genetic screen designed to address the mechanism of action small molecule. Small molecules that were active in models urinary incontinence tested nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, and resulting phenotypes used as readouts identify possible molecular targets. The mutations giving resistance compound found affect members RGS protein/G-protein complex. Studies mammalian systems confirmed inhibit muscarinic G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling involving G-αq...
The soybean aphid Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is an invasive economic pest of (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) in the United States. Research has shown endemic natural enemy community States capable suppressing A. below EILs, but this biological control inconsistent, especially simple agricultural landscapes. In course a 3-yr project (2006-2008) we sought to determine affects landscape composition, configuration, and plant nutrients (N, P, K) on aphidophagous abundance....
Abstract Question: Is it possible to determine the species composition of root samples containing multiple species, without first disentangling individual roots? Methods: The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region nuclear ribosomal DNA was amplified and sequenced from four California annual grassland (two Poaceae two Asteraceae). Restriction enzymes that cut ITS each into uniquely sized fragments were identified based on sequence variation regions. Mixed analysed test ability method...
Abstract. Question: Is it possible to determine the species composition of root samples containing multiple species, without first disentangling individual roots? Methods: The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region nuclear ribosomal DNA was amplified and sequenced from four California annual grassland (two Poaceae two Asteraceae ). Restriction enzymes that cut ITS each into uniquely sized fragments were identified based on sequence variation regions. Mixed analysed test ability method...
Abstract Soil moisture profiles can affect species composition and ecosystem processes, but the effects of increased concentrations atmospheric carbon dioxide ([CO 2 ]) on vertical distribution plant water uptake have not been studied. Because affects soil profiles, is likely to shift under elevated [CO ], it also important test whether indirect ] content may depend composition. We examined in an annual grassland California. grew monocultures a mixture Avena barbata Hemizonia congesta –...