A high prevalence of postpartum thyroid dysfunction has been reported in several countries, but there have no systematic studies its Britain. Among a group 901 consecutive, unselected pregnant women autoantibodies were detected 117 (13%) at booking. The clinical course dysfunction, factors associated with development, and likely defined 100 these antibodies 120 such who matched for age. None the had history autoimmune disease. Normal reference ranges function during pregnancy post partum...

In a prospective study designed to assess the influence of bromocriptine on pituitary tumour size 12 patients with tumours, eight whom had suprasellar extensions, were treated for three months 20 mg daily after gradual increase this dose. The group comprised women and four men, five prolactin-secreting adenomas, acromegaly, two functionless one Nelson's syndrome. All adenomas showed reduction in as assessed by computerised tomography metrizamide cisternography accompanied fall prolactin...

The incidence of depression in those with hypothyroidism is increased compared to healthy populations, though the mechanism for this unclear. We tested hypothesis that central 5-HT activity reduced hypothyroidism, and subsequently lowers threshold developing depression.Twenty subjects entered study: 10 drug free hypothyroid patients age, sex, weight menstrual cycle matched controls.Patients were diagnosed as being depressed using DSM-IIIR criteria rated Hamilton Rating Scale Depression...

Volumetric studies in a range of animals (London taxi-drivers, polygynous male voles, nest-parasitic female cowbirds, and number food-storing birds) have shown that the size hippocampus, brain region essential to learning memory, is correlated with tasks involving an extra demand for spatial memory. In this paper, we report quantitative advantage food storers gain from such enlargement. Coal tits (Parus ater) species, performed better than great major), nonstoring on task assessed memory...

Rats were trained in Experiment 1 to find a submerged platform corner of either rectangular or kite-shaped pool. When the walls creating this different color than opposite walls, then learning about shape pool was potentiated kite but not rectangle. Experiments 2-4 revealed that rectangle can be overshadowed and blocked when information wall indicates location platform. The results mimic findings have been obtained with Pavlovian conditioning, they challenge claim environment takes places...

In 3 experiments, rats were required to find a submerged platform located in 1 corner of an arena that had 2 long and short sides; they then trained the new also sides but different overall shape. The was easier if it geometrically equivalent, rather than mirror image, where previously been located. final experiment revealed hippocampal lesions impaired rats' ability these arenas. results suggest did not use shape locate relied on more local cues hippocampus plays role navigation based cues.

Dual-process models of recognition memory in animals propose that is supported by two independent processes reflect the operation distinct brain structures: a familiarity process operates independently hippocampus and context-dependent (episodic) dependent on hippocampus. A novel variant an object procedure was used to examine this proposal. Healthy rats showed preference for exploring rather than familiar object: familiarity-dependent effect. They also presented different spatiotemporal...

Phaeochromocytoma [corrected] crisis is an endocrine emergency associated with significant mortality. There little published guidance on the management of phaeochromocytoma crisis. This clinical practice update summarizes relevant literature, including a detailed review cases in past 5 years, and proposed classification system. We recommended use alpha-blockade, which strongly survival Mechanical circulatory supportive therapy (including intra-aortic balloon pump or extra-corporeal membrane...

A study was conducted investigating the possibility that immunosuppressive action of methimazole (the active metabolite antithyroid drug carbimazole) might be due to an effect on production oxygen radicals by monocytes. Techniques comprised measurement luminol dependent chemoluminescence in monocytes and a spectrophotometric assay for hydrogen peroxide. The results showed definite inhibition formation resting stimulated monocytes, which may explain Graves9 disease. findings also suggest...

Abstract. Recent evidence suggests that a number of adulthood conditions, including non‐insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and lipid cardiovascular abnormalities are associated with intra‐uterine growth retardation (IUGR). It is possible this arises from programming endocrine axes during development as result an adverse environment. Insulin‐like factors (IGFs) mitogenic polypeptides which stimulate cellular proliferation differentiation important in human fetal development. The...

In three experiments rats were required to escape from a pool of water by swimming submerged platform. The position the platform was determined shape pool, which either rectangular or triangular. A landmark that located on surface near failed overshadow (Experiment 1) block 2) learning about with reference pool. Experiment 3 revealed similar outcome cues outside could be used, in addition identify location These findings imply theories assume stimuli must compete each other for control they...

In 3 experiments rats had to find a submerged platform that was located in corner of kite-shaped pool. The color the walls creating this provided an additional cue for finding shape + condition but not shape-only condition. During tests pool with uniform no platform, more time spent where originally after training than results challenge theories assume either learning about environment takes place dedicated module or cues compete control they acquire over behavior.

Conflicting data on subpopulations of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with autoimmune disease largely reflect variations methods study. An investigation was therefore conducted aimed at avoiding this difficulty. Serial samples mononuclear cells from 42 hyperthyroid Graves9 were collected monthly intervals before, during, and for 12 months after a six month course carbimazole. Samples stored liquid nitrogen until completion the study, when they thawed all each patient analysed within...

Experimental autoimmune thyroid disease was induced in August rats by immunization with rat thyroglobulin complete Freund's adjuvant. Disease severity, assessed histology and circulating levels of anti-TG antibody measured an enzyme immunoassay, maximal between 30 60 days after the initial thereafter waned. Thyroid function through duration disease, measurement serum TSH RIA, remained normal. Once natural history established, groups received methimazole (MMI) or without T4 thendrinking...

Thyroid antibodies were measured by an enzyme-linked assay system (ELISA) on a random sample of 414 asymptomatic elderly people aged 70 years or more in South Wales town 1977. The prevalence elevated titres microsomal was 15.4% and thyroglobulin 13.3%; 8.5% had elevation both antibodies. Five later thyroid function evaluated 51 (66.6%) those with raised antibody 1977 compared control group 46 old drawn from the original population. Significant fluctuations observed two thirds positive group....

In three experiments, the nature of interaction between multiple memory systems in rats solving a variation spatial task water maze was investigated. Throughout training were able to find submerged platform at fixed distance and direction from an intramaze landmark by learning landmark-goal vector. Extramaze cues also available for standard place learning, or “cognitive mapping,” but these valid only within each session, as position moved around pool sessions together with landmark. Animals...

A case of spontaneous luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome is presented with full documentation hormonal, morphological and haemodynamic changes. Changes in uterine blood flow were also noted. Growth the leading was slow during follicular phase cycle. After luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, growth more rapid. Concurrently, developed internal echogenicity ultrasonic evidence separation granulosa cell layer. The no longer visible 144 132 h after LH rise peak respectively. There primary...

Geometric information provided by the walls of an environment has a strong influence over hippocampal unit activity. This suggests that hippocampus forms part cognitive mapping system encodes geometric relationships between environmental cues and animal's location. Here, authors show for first time excitotoxic lesions disrupt ability rats to navigate goal using shape solid-walled arena array identical landmarks. These results are consistent with theories function extend previous research...

ABSTRACT We have characterized four murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to the extracellular domain of human TSH receptor (TSH-R.E), target autoantigen Graves' disease. Recombinant TSH-R.E used as immunogen, was produced in E. coli a fusion protein with glutathione-S-transferase or baculovirus-insect cell system, non-fusion glycoprotein. To increase epitope specificity mAbs, two different strains mice (H-2 b and H-2 d ) were immunized. The epitopes recognized by mAbs immunoblotting various...

ABSTRACT Since the cloning of TSH receptor (TSH-R), target autoantigen Graves' disease, has been expressed in a variety eukaryotic cells to obtain functional molecule. Despite this success, levels expression have marginally higher than extremely low found thyroid cells, preventing any progress on purification In study, large extracellular region TSH-R, without membrane spanning segments, insect using recombinant baculovirus generate substantial quantities protein. A monoclonal antibody...