A5101849508- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Landslides and related hazards
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Seismology and Earthquake Studies
- Geological formations and processes
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
- Geological and Geophysical Studies Worldwide
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Historical and Architectural Studies
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Science and Climate Studies
- Innovation and Socioeconomic Development
- Limits and Structures in Graph Theory
- CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions
- Simulation Techniques and Applications
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications
- Cryospheric studies and observations
University of Leeds
2016-2025
Sandia National Laboratories
2023
Indiana University
2022
Harvard University
2015-2017
Harvard University Press
2014-2017
Planetary Science Institute
2016-2017
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
2013-2016
Columbia University
2013-2016
Centre for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics
2016
University of Oxford
2010-2013
It is debated to what extent mantle plumes play a role in continental rifting and eventual break-up. Afar lies at the northern end of largest most active present-day rift, where East African Rift forms triple junction with Red Sea Gulf Aden rifts. has history plume activity yet recent studies have reached conflicting conclusions on whether still contributes current tectonics. A geochemical study concluded that mature hot rift 80 km thick lithosphere, while seismic data been interpreted...
Abstract A key method to investigate magma dynamics is the analysis of crystal cargoes carried by erupted magmas. These may comprise crystals that crystallize in different parts magmatic system (throughout crust) and/or at times. While an individual eruption likely provides a partial view subvolcanic plumbing system, compiling data from multiple eruptions can build picture whole system. In this study, we use machine learning techniques analyze large (>2,000) compilation mineral...
<title>Abstract</title> The evolution of a continental rift towards an ocean ridge appears to be strongly controlled by the magmatic architecture rifting crust. Geophysical evidence from magmatically rifted margins and active rifts suggests that key stage maturation is localisation extensional activity narrow zones. dynamics magma ascent beneath these zones driving further crustal extension eventual breakup. Here we constrain timescales two in Main Ethiopian Rift (MER). At both locations...
Abstract Significant volumes of magma can be intruded into the crust during continental break‐up, influencing rift evolution by altering thermo‐mechanical structure and its response to extensional stresses. Rift magmas additionally feed surface volcanic activity globally significant sources tectonic CO 2 emissions. Understanding how magmatism may affect development requires knowledge on intrusion depths in crust. Here, using data from olivine‐hosted melt inclusions, we investigate dynamics...
Understanding the process of continental break-up requires knowledge geodynamics mature rift systems close to point plate rupture. In Ethiopia, late-stage rifting occurs in a magma-rich setting where extensional processes correlate closely with magmatic and volcanic activity. Unravelling role that mantle lithospheric dynamics play sustaining Ethiopia is key improving models evolution. this study we provide petrological constraints on physical characteristics magma production using samples...
We have constrained syneruptive pressure-temperature-time (P-T-t) paths of mafic magmas using a combination short-timescale cooling and decompression chronometers. Recent work has shown that the thermal histories crystals in last few seconds to hours eruption can be concentration gradients MgO inside olivine-hosted melt inclusions, produced response crystallization olivine on inclusion walls. applied this technique 1974 subplinian Fuego volcano; 1977 fire-fountain Seguam three eruptions...
Research Article| June 01, 2017 A 65 k.y. time series from sediment-hosted glasses reveals rapid transitions in ocean ridge magmas David J. Ferguson; Ferguson * 1Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA2School Environment, University Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK *E-mail: d.j.ferguson@leeds.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Yinqi Li; Li USA3School Zhejiang Hangzhou 310027, China Charles H. Langmuir;...
Abstract A major rifting episode began in the Afar region of northern Ethiopia September 2005. Over a 10-day period, c. 2.5 km 3 magma were intruded into upper crust along 60 km-long dyke separating Arabian and Nubian plates. There was an intense seismic swarm small rhyolitic eruption; extension up to 10 m occurred across rift segment. next five years, further 13 intrusions caused continued extension, eruptions seismicity. The activity led renewed international focus on role magmatism...
Abstract Climate cycles may significantly affect the eruptive behavior of terrestrial volcanoes due to pressure changes caused by glacial loading, which raises possibility that climate change modulate CO 2 degassing via volcanism. In Iceland, magmatism is likely have been influenced activity. To explore if deglaciation therefore impacted flux, we coupled a model loading over last ∼120 ka melt generation and transport. We find nuanced relationship exists between Enhanced happened prior main...
Deep-marine volcanism drives Earth's most energetic transfers of heat and mass between the crust oceans. While magmatic activity on seafloor has been correlated with occurrence colossal enigmatic plumes hydrothermal fluid known as megaplumes, little is primary source intensity energy release associated volcanism. As a result, specific origin megaplumes remains ambiguous. By developing mathematical model for dispersal submarine tephras, we show that transport pyroclasts requires an discharge...
Cambro‐Ordovician plutonic rocks of the Glenelg River Complex (western Victoria) are grouped into three structural associations based on intrusion timing relative to Delamerian deformational episodes. Early syn‐compressional plutons contain regional S2 foliation and comprise Wando, Wennicott Deep Creek granitic types, which have low K affinity confined southwestern corner complex. Wando types include hornblende diorite gneissic tonalite numerous mafic igneous enclaves; high Al2O3 increasing...
The Cambro‐Ordovician Glenelg tectonic zone of western Victoria is a distinctive metamorphic‐igneous segment the Delamerian Orogenic Belt comprising two northwest‐striking regional metamorphic segments andalusite‐sillimanite type prograding towards an axial granitic batholith. second five deformations (D2) was most significant, producing isoclinal folds, transposition and pervasive foliation (S2). Southwest central batholith, biotite to migmatite zones contain mainly quartzo‐feldspathic rock...
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