A5019928192- Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
- Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Congenital Heart Disease Studies
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Aortic Disease and Treatment Approaches
- Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments
- Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies
- Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Anesthesia and Pain Management
- Coronary Artery Anomalies
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Airway Management and Intubation Techniques
- Cardiac and Coronary Surgery Techniques
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Intraocular Surgery and Lenses
- Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Cardiac Structural Anomalies and Repair
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
2004-2024
University of Pennsylvania
2004-2024
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
2009-2020
University of Cincinnati Medical Center
2009-2020
University of Cincinnati
2008-2017
Wenzhou Medical University
2016-2017
China Medical University
2016
University of Southern Denmark
2015
Odense University Hospital
2015
Children's Hospital of Los Angeles
2013
Background Volatile anesthetics facilitate surgical procedures and imaging studies in millions of children every year. Neuronal cell death after prolonged exposure to isoflurane developing animals has raised serious concerns regarding its safe use children. Although sevoflurane desflurane are becoming more popular for pediatric anesthesia, their cytotoxic effects have not been compared with those isoflurane. Accordingly, using newborn mice, the current study established respective potencies...
Anesthetics induce widespread cell death, permanent neuronal deletion, and neurocognitive impairment in immature animals, raising substantial concerns about similar effects occurring young children. Epidemiologic studies have been unable to sufficiently address this concern, part due reliance on group-administered achievement tests, inability assess brain structure, limited control for confounders.We compared healthy participants of a language development study at age 5 18 years who had...
Volatile anesthetics, such as isoflurane, are widely used in infants and neonates. Neurodegeneration neurocognitive impairment after exposure to midazolam, nitrous oxide neonatal rats have raised concerns regarding the safety of pediatric anesthesia. In mice, prolonged isoflurane triggers hypoglycemia, which could be responsible for impairment. We examined effects blood glucose on brain cell viability, spontaneous locomotor activity, well spatial learning memory mice.Seven-day-old mice were...
Anesthetics have been linked to widespread neuronal cell death in neonatal animals. Epidemiological human studies associated early childhood anesthesia with long-term neurobehavioral abnormalities, raising substantial concerns that anesthetics may cause similar young children. However, key aspects of the phenomenon remain unclear, such as why certain neurons die, whereas immediately adjacent are seemingly unaffected, and immature brain is exquisitely vulnerable, mature seems resistant....
In Brief neonatal rodents, isoflurane has been shown to confer neurological protection during hypoxia-ischemia and precipitate neurodegeneration after prolonged exposure. Whether neuroprotection or neurotoxicity result from a direct effect of on the brain an indirect through hemodynamic metabolic changes remains unknown. We recorded arterial blood pressure, heart rate, gases, glucose in 10-day-old mice 60 min anesthesia with spontaneous mechanical ventilation, as well without anesthesia....
In Brief BACKGROUND: Detection of cerebral hypoxia-ischemia (H-I) and prevention brain injury remains problematic in critically ill neonates. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), a noninvasive bedside technology could fill this role, although NIRS O2 saturation (ScO2) viability-time thresholds for have not been determined. We investigated the relationship between H-I duration at ScO2 35%, viability threshold which causes neurophysiological impairment, to neurological outcome. METHODS:...
The functional impact of adult-generated granule cells in the epileptic brain is unclear, with data supporting both protective and maladaptive roles. These conflicting findings could be explained if new integrate heterogeneously, some taking neutral or adaptive roles others contributing to recurrent circuitry seizures. Here, we tested this hypothesis by completing detailed morphological characterizations age- experience-defined cohorts from transgenic mice. majority newborn exposed an...
Accumulating evidence indicates that isoflurane and other, similarly acting anesthetics exert neurotoxic effects in neonatal animals. However, neither the identity of dying cortical cells nor extent cell loss has been sufficiently characterized. We conducted present study to immunohistochemically identify quantify fraction undergoing apoptotic death mouse cortex, a substantially affected brain region.Seven-day-old littermates (n = 36) were randomly assigned 6-hour exposure either 1.5% or...
Summary Background Procedural sedation using chloral hydrate is used in many institutions to improve the quality of transthoracic echocardiograms ( TTE ) infants and young children. Chloral has limited availability some countries, creating need for alternative effective sedatives. Objective The aim our study was compare effectiveness two doses intranasal dexmedetomidine vs oral echocardiography. Methods This a randomized, prospective 150 children under age 3 years with known or suspected...
Children undergoing complex cardiac surgery are exposed to substantial cumulative doses of sedative medications and volatile anesthetics more frequently anesthetized with ketamine, compared healthy children. This study hypothesized that greater exposure sedation anesthesia in this population is associated lower neurodevelopmental scores at 18 months age.
Anesthetic drugs cause brain cell death and long-term neurocognitive dysfunction in neonatal rats. Recently, human data also suggest that anesthesia early life may cognitive impairment. The connection between decline is uncertain. It conceivable mechanisms other than contribute to outcome of anesthesia. In a series experiments, we demonstrate isoflurane exposure causes significant hypercarbia postnatal day 7 rats or carbon dioxide for 4 h provoked death. However, 1 was not sufficient...
Summary Purpose: Aberrant plastic changes among adult‐generated hippocampal dentate granule cells are hypothesized to contribute the development of temporal lobe epilepsy. Changes include formation basal dendrites projecting into hilus. Innervation these processes by cell mossy fiber axons leads creation recurrent excitatory circuits within dentate. The destabilizing effect may hyperexcitability and seizures. Although have been identified in status epilepticus models epilepsy associated with...
Abstract Altered granule cell≫CA3 pyramidal cell synaptic connectivity may contribute to the development of limbic epilepsy. To explore this possibility, giant mossy fiber bouton plasticity was examined in kindling and pilocarpine models epilepsy using green fluorescent protein‐expressing transgenic mice. These studies revealed significant increases frequency boutons with satellite 2 days 1 month after status epilepticus, area at month. Similar were observed shortly kindling. Finally, both...