A5106076824- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Travel-related health issues
- Global Health and Surgery
- Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Genetic and rare skin diseases.
- Body Contouring and Surgery
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Biotechnology and Related Fields
- Advances in Oncology and Radiotherapy
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Rehabilitation
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
University of Ibadan
2015-2024
University College Hospital, Ibadan
2021
Creative Commons
2017
Drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is common many endemic and other settings but there no clear recommendation on when to change therapy delay parasite clearance after initiation of African children. The factors contributing clearance, defined as a time > 2 d, malaria were characterized 2,752 prospectively studied children treated with anti-malarial drugs between 1996 2008. 1,237 (45%) had clearance. Overall 211 (17%) subsequently failed they constituted 72% those who drug failure,...
Abstract Background Combination treatments, preferably containing an artemisinin derivative, are recommended to improve efficacy and prevent Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance. Artemether-lumefantrine (AL) artesunate-amodiaquine (AA) efficacious regimens that have been widely adopted in sub-Saharan Africa. However, most study designs ignore the effects of these on peripheral parasitaemia first 24 hours therapy. The protocol was designed evaluate more closely early standard measures...
The therapeutic efficacy and effects of artemether-lumefantrine (AL) artesunate-amodiaquine co-formulated (AAcf) or co-packaged (AAcp) on malaria-associated anemia (MAA) were evaluated in 285 children < 12 years age with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria randomized to receive one the three drug combinations. Fever parasite clearance times similar all treatment groups. Mean drug-attributable fall hematocrit (DAFH), defined as difference between values pre- 3 d post-initiation...
In view of the maturing HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, better understanding its epidemiology among older adults is necessary order to design appropriate care and treatment programmes for them.To describe demographic epidemiological characteristics opportunistic infections newly enrolled patients aged 50 years above Ibadan, South-West Nigeria.Analysis data extracted from electronic records 17, 312 subjects HIV/AIDS between January 2006 December 2014 at ART clinic, University College...
The emergence and wide dissemination of drug-resistant malarial parasites underscore the need to prevent post-transfusion malaria. In Nigeria, as in most sub-Saharan Africa, however, blood donors are not routinely screened for infection. Recently, 391 consecutive potential a malaria-endemic area south-western Nigeria were each checked parasitaemia using three methods: microscopy (all samples), OptiMAL (315 samples) and/or Clinotech Malaria Cassette (142 samples). detects parasite-specific...
The treatment efficacy and effects of artesunate-mefloquine (AMQ) mefloquine (MQ) on malaria-associated anemia (MAA) were evaluated in 342 children ≤ 10 years age with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria randomized to receive either drug/drug combination. All recovered clinically. Fever clearance times similar. Parasite was significantly faster AMQ (mean ± SD = 1.4 0.6 days, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3–1.5, P < 0.0001), but polymerase chain reaction–corrected cure rates...
Abstract Background In Nigeria, declining responsiveness to artemether–lumefantrine (AL), the artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) of choice since 2005, has been reported. Pyronaridine–artesunate (PA) is a newer fixed-dose ACT recently prequalified by WHO for treatment uncomplicated falciparum malaria. However, PA data from Nigerian pediatric population scarce. Therefore, efficacy and safety AL using 28-day anti-malarial therapeutic study protocol in Ibadan, southwest were compared....
Anaemia in falciparum malaria is associated with an increased risk of gametocyte carriage, but its effects on transmission have not been extensively evaluated malarious children. Plasmodium emergence, clearance, population sex ratios (SR) (defined as the proportion gametocytes that are male), inbreeding rates and temporal changes SR were 840 Gametocyte carriage pre-treatment was at a level 8.1%. enrolment independent factor for post-treatment. The emergence seven days post-treatment...
To evaluate the effects of antimalarial drugs on Plasmodium falciparum malaria-associated anemia, we use area under curve (AUC) anemia levels after treatment as an approach to combine their duration and magnitude. The method involves numeric estimation, by trapezoidal rule, AUC from a plot deficit in hematocrit 30% (the lower threshold normal) versus time anemic children. Using method, evaluated, randomized trials, artesunate-mefloquine mefloquine alone artemether-lumefantrine...
Detection of acute HIV infection is a unique problem that fourth-generation assays were expected to alleviate. In this commentary, we draw attention the limitations and challenges with use currently available rapid antigen–antibody (Ag/Ab) combination tests for detection in sub-Saharan Africa. Laboratory-based HIV-1 Ag/Ab immunoassays are complex, requiring specialized equipment handling not affordable many settings The point-of-care platform on other hand easier deploy potentially more...
Abstract Objectives To investigate the consequence of restricting antimalarial treatment to febrile children that test positive a malaria rapid diagnostic ( MRDT ) only in an area intense transmission. Methods Febrile aged 3–59 months were screened with at health facilities south‐west Nigeria. ‐positive received artesunate–amodiaquine ASAQ ), while ‐negative treated based on clinical diagnosis non‐malaria illness. The primary endpoint was risk developing microscopy‐positive within 28 days...
Abstract Background Although the global malaria burden is decreasing, there are still concerns about overdiagnosis of and danger misdiagnosis non-malaria causes fever. Clinicians continue to face challenge differentiating between these despite introduction rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs). Aim To determine prevalence non-malaria-caused fever in children South-Western Nigeria. Methods Secondary analysis data obtained evaluate effect restricting antimalarial treatment positive mRDT rural urban...
The treatment efficacy of artesunate–amodiaquine (AQ) coformulated or copackaged, and the plasma saliva concentrations desethylamodiaquine (DEAQ), active metabolite AQ, were evaluated in 120 7 children, respectively, with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria treated oral daily doses 2 formulations for 3 days. All children recovered clinically. Fever clearance (1.1 ± 0.2 vs 1.0 0 days) parasite times (21.1 10.2 19.0 7.0 hours) artesunate–AQ copackaged similar. remained aparasitemic at...
Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) are the preferred option for programmatic deployment.There numerous mRDTs on Nigerian market and there is a need to guide practitioners relative performance of commonly used brands mRDT in Nigeria.The three Histidine-Rich-Protein-2-based (SD-Bioline™, Carestart™ Paracheck-Pf™) against microscopy Giemsa stained blood polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was evaluated among 190 febrile under-5 children Ibadan, Nigeria. We calculated sensitivity, specificity,...
Background: The outlook of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in low-and-medium-income-countries is poor. Modern farming practices Nigeria are becoming increasingly associated with the use herbicides and pesticides. Aim: study aimed to evaluate agrochemical risk factors for among dwellers rural communities South-West Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey adult an agrarian community Participants provided information on demographics, lifestyles, knowledge, awareness disease,...
Background Proportion of hospitalized COVID-19 patients receiving antimicrobial drug is significantly high despite evidence low level actual bacterial co-infection, potentially contributing to poor health outcome and global resistance. Materials methods A retrospective study was performed on agents prescribed adult with confirmed admitted across three isolation facilities between 1 March 2020 30 April 2021 in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. From individual records, we evaluated patient...
Context and Aim: Given the challenges of microscopy, we compared its performance with SD-Bioline malaria rapid diagnostic test (MRDT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) evaluated time it took for positive results to become negative after treatment children acute uncomplicated malaria. Subjects Methods: We present report 485 participants complete MRDT, PCR data out 511 febrile aged 3–59 months who participated in a cohort study over 12-month period rural urban areas Ibadan, Nigeria....
Introduction: Amodiaquine is a partner drug in the artemisinin-based combination therapy artesunate-amodiaquine. Reports of adverse reaction known as amodiaquine-associated asthenia are scarce, and this needs to be investigated detail. This article presents reviews case asthenia. A literature search for characteristics highlighted gaps literature. Methods: probable amodiaquine was described discussed under sub-headings epidemiology, clinical features, laboratory aetiopathogenesis,...