A5002789760- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Gut microbiota and health
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Ovarian function and disorders
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Pericarditis and Cardiac Tamponade
- Hematological disorders and diagnostics
- Myasthenia Gravis and Thymoma
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- BRCA gene mutations in cancer
- Cardiovascular and Diving-Related Complications
Stellenbosch University
2018-2025
South African Medical Research Council
1986-2024
African Institute for Mathematical Sciences
2019-2024
Western Cape Department of Health
2022
Westmead Hospital
2021
Westmead Institute
2021
National Research Foundation
2019
University of KwaZulu-Natal
1983-2017
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
2017
Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust
2014
Aspiration is associated with nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) pulmonary disease and airway dysbiosis increased inflammation. We examined whether NTM was a distinct microbiota immune profile. 297 oral wash induced sputum samples were collected from 106 participants respiratory symptoms imaging abnormalities compatible NTM. Lower obtained in 20 undergoing bronchoscopy. 16S rRNA gene nested mycobacteriome sequencing approaches characterised composition. In addition, inflammatory profiles of...
BackgroundThe relationship between tuberculosis (TB), one of the leading infectious causes death worldwide, and microbiome, which is critical for health, poorly understood.MethodsTo identify potential microbiome-host interactions, profiling oral, sputum stool microbiota [n = 58 cases, n 47 culture-negative symptomatic controls (SCs)] whole blood transcriptome were done in pre-treatment presumptive pulmonary TB patients. This was a cross-sectional study. Microbiota also characterised close...
Tuberculosis, a major cause of death in people living with HIV, remains challenging to diagnose. Diagnostic accuracy data are scarce for promising triage and confirmatory tests such as C-reactive protein (CRP), sputum urine Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra), Determine TB LAM Ag (a lateral flow lipoarabinomannan [LF-LAM] test), without symptom selection. We evaluated novel ambulatory HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Oral samples show promise for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. Data from different and people with sputum scarce TB are limited. We assessed Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) in symptomatic at clinics (Cohort A, n=891) or antiretroviral therapy (ART)-initiation without syndromic preselection B, n=258). In Cohort we collected oral washes (OWs) and, separately, tongue swabs (flocked, foam heat). OWs, three flocked (comparing one heat to two pooled swabs) buccal swabs, periodontal brushes. offered...
Clinical parameters, androgen status and lipoprotein lipid profiles were assessed in 10 non-obese obese patients with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) reference subjects matched for age, height weight. Both women PCOD had significantly higher levels when compared to the groups. When comparison of made between groups, total cholesterol, triglycerides LDL-cholesterol than subjects. Obese manifested LDL-cholesterol, cholesterol/HDL, LDL/HDL values did Correlations serum androgens...
The role of fitness in transmission drug-resistant strains has been explored previous studies; but not established for F15/LAM4/KZN strains, which were responsible the extensively tuberculosis (XDR-TB) outbreak Tugela Ferry, South Africa. biological 15 clinical representing F15/LAM4/KZN, Beijing, F11 and F28 families was determined by growth, viability competition assays correlated with DNA sequencing eight genes associated drug resistance putative compensatory mechanisms. Similar growth...
Plasma glucose, immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and C-peptide responses during an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) were assessed in 11 non-obese patients with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) reference subjects matched for age, height weight. Also, 6 PCOD normal women subjected to intravenous testing (ivGTT) On oGTT, all exhibited tolerance; however, had significantly higher mean plasma levels at 30, 60, 90 120 min incremental areas. In addition the ovaries showed basal IRI levels,...
Tuberculosis lymphadenitis (TBL) is the most common extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) manifestation. Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) a World Health Organization-endorsed diagnostic test, but performance data for TBL, including on noninvasive specimens, are limited. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens (FNABs) from outpatients (≥18 years) with presumptive TBL (n = 135) underwent (i) routine testing (later once programmatically available), (ii) MGIT 960 culture (if or negative rifampicin...
Abstract Background The microbiome likely plays a role in tuberculosis (TB) pathogenesis. We evaluated the site-of-disease and predicted metagenome people with presumptive tuberculous pericarditis, major cause of mortality, explored for first time, interaction between its association C-reactive protein (CRP), potential diagnostic biomarker extrapulmonary TB. Methods People effusions requiring pericardiocentesis (n=139) provided background sampling controls pericardial fluid (PF) 16S rRNA...
Abstract Background Limited data are available on the diagnostic accuracy of blood RNA biomarker signatures for extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). We addressed this question among people investigated lymphadenitis and pericarditis, in Cape Town, South Africa. Methods enrolled 440 consecutive adults referred to a hospital invasive sampling presumptive (n=300) or pericarditis (n=140). Samples from site disease underwent culture and/or molecular testing Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (Mtb)....
Background Lymphadenitis is the most common extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) manifestation. The microbiome important to human health but uninvestigated in EPTB. We profiled site-of-disease lymph node lymphadenitis (TBL). Methods Fine-needle aspiration biopsies were collected from 158 pretreatment presumptive TBL patients Cape Town, South Africa. 16S Illumina MiSeq rRNA gene sequencing was done. Results analysed 89 definite TBLs (dTBLs) and 61 non-TBLs (nTBLs), which had similar α-...
Bacteroides fragilis is a commonly investigated commensal bacterium for its protective role in host diseases. Here, we aimed to develop reproducible antibiotic-based model conditioning the gut microbiota and engrafting B. into conventional murine host. Initially, selected different combinations of antibiotics, including metronidazole, imipenem, clindamycin, their efficacy depleting mouse population. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing DNA isolated from fecal samples at time points. The...
Tuberculosis (TB), a major cause of death in people living with HIV (PLHIV), remains challenging to diagnose. Diagnostic accuracy data are lacking for promising triage tests, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), and confirmatory sputum urine Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra), LAM, without prior symptom selection.
Acute insulin release in response to maximal intravenous doses of glucose (0.5 g/kg), tolbutamide (1 g), and glucagon mg) was studied 10 subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes the young (NIDDY) age-, sex-, weight-matched controls. Diabetic had attenuated insulinemic responses all three stimuli, comparison control subjects. However, were higher than those obtained glucose. This study demonstrates that pancreatic beta-cell is more responsive nonglucose secretagogues stimuli individuals NIDDY.
Abstract Characterising DNA in specimens from people with tuberculosis (TB), a major cause of death, is critical for evaluating diagnostics and the microbiome, yet extracellular DNA, more frequent on chemotherapy, confounds results. We evaluated whether nucleic acid dyes [propidium monoazide (PMA), PEMAX] DNaseI could reduce this. PCR [16S Mycobacterium complex ( Mtb ) qPCR, Xpert MTB/RIF] was done dilution series untreated treated (PMA, PEMAX, DNaseI) . Separately, 16S rRNA gene qPCR...
Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is common in people living with HIV (PLHIV) high TB burden settings. Active associated specific stool taxa; however, little known about the microbiota and LTBI, including PLHIV.
<title>Abstract</title> <underline><italic>Background:</italic></underline> Tuberculosis (TB), a major cause of disease and antimicrobial resistance, is spread via aerosols. Aerosols have diagnostic potential airborne-microbes other than <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex</italic> (MTBC) may influence transmission. We evaluated whether PneumoniaCheck (PMC), commercial aerosol collection device, captures MTBC the aeromicrobiome people with TB....