A5081455404- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Biochemical and Structural Characterization
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Synthesis and biological activity
- Biochemical and Molecular Research
- Polyomavirus and related diseases
- Maternal and fetal healthcare
- Multicomponent Synthesis of Heterocycles
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
University of KwaZulu-Natal
2016-2025
National Health Laboratory Service
2019
University of Zululand
2018
University of Pretoria
2013
Steve Biko Hospital
2013
Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital
2008
Although several hot spots of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis have been identified on the African continent, extensive drug resistance (XDR) has not reported until recently, when a large number XDR cases were in KwaZulu-Natal. The majority patients involved infected with same strain Mycobacterium (F15/LAM4/KZN). We report this strain's development from multidrug to XDR.We searched databases for studies performed during period 1994-2005 that patterns isolates M. F15/LAM4/KZN fingerprint.As...
The KZN strain family of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a highly virulent endemic to the KwaZulu-Natal region South Africa, which has recently experienced an outbreak extensively-drug resistant tuberculosis. To investigate causes and evolution drug-resistance, we determined DNA sequences several clinical isolates - one drug-susceptible, multi-drug resistant, nine extensively drug-resistant using whole-genome sequencing. Analysis polymorphisms among strains consistent with drug-susceptibility...
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) are now major threats in areas of South Africa with a high prevalence TB human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The role exogenous reinfection as cause MDR XDR these settings has not been determined.We reviewed data from patients culture-positive who later developed or Tugela Ferry, KwaZulu-Natal, during 2005-2006. We performed spoligotyping on initial isolates (obtained at the time treatment initiation)...
Genotyping of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from (TB) patients in four South African provinces (Western Cape, Eastern KwaZulu-Natal, and Gauteng) revealed a distinct population structure the MDR all regions, despite evidence substantial human migration between these settings. In analyzed provinces, negative correlation strain diversity an increasing level drug resistance (from MDR-TB to extensively drug-resistant TB [XDR-TB]) was observed. Strains...
Previously, a slot blot or an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using synthetic purified MTP antigen, conceptually demonstrated IgG antibody induction in pulmonary TB patients, albeit with small sample sizes and differing sensitivity. Therefore, we evaluated ELISA larger populations from The Gambia (n = 549), Uganda 161), South Africa 193), comprising human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive negative, microbiologically confirmed active TB. association between the level...
Introduction. The adhesin, Mycobacterium tuberculosis curli pili (MTP), assists the pathogen in attachment, invasion and disease progression. Previously, this adhesin was demonstrated to contribute pathogen’s cell wall functions fatty acid metabolism affects total metabolite abundance central carbon of host. accumulation/depletion metabolites is reliant on gene expression proteins involved import, transport breakdown substrates. Gap statement. MTP has not been investigated relation genes...
The relative contribution of reactivated and recently acquired tuberculosis to the disease burden in developing countries is unknown, as are settings within which most transmission occurs. In an attempt answer these questions, we combined molecular techniques (restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis) conventional epidemiology (risk factor analysis contact tracing) study 246 consecutive cases smear‐positive rural South Africa. We estimate that 29–43% were acquired, they clustered....
Background South Africa shows one of the highest global burdens multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB). Since 2002, MDR-TB in has been treated by a standardized combination therapy, which until 2010 included ofloxacin, kanamycin, ethionamide, ethambutol pyrazinamide. 2010, replaced cycloserine or terizidone. The effect treatment on acquisition XDR-TB is not currently known. Methods We genetically characterized random sample 4,667 patient isolates...
Discharge of drug-resistant, biofilm-forming pathogens from hospital effluent water into municipal wastewater treatment plants poses a public health concern. This study examined the relationship between antibiotic resistance levels and biofilm formation Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated effluents.Antibiotic susceptibility 71 A. isolates was evaluated by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined agar dilution method, while minimum...
The aim of this study is to determine the fetal modified myocardial performance index (Mod-MPI) and E-wave/A-wave peak velocities (E/A ratio) in deteriorating grades intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) its link adverse outcomes defined as perinatal death, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, neonatal resuscitation, cord pH <7.15, intraventricular hemorrhage bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Forty three pregnant women with IUGR abdominal circumference <10th percentile for gestational age umbilical...
This study was undertaken in order to assess the involvement of Mycobacterium tuberculosis pili (MTP) as an adhesin, invasin, and cytokine inducer M. tuberculosis-epithelial cell interaction. A MTP-deficient strain demonstrated a significant reduction 69.39% (p = 0.047) 56.20% 0.033) its ability adhere invade A549 pulmonary epithelial cells, respectively, comparison with wild-type strain. Complementation mutant restored adhesion invasion capacity back levels. Overall, it found that similar...
SUMMARY Anaemia of chronic disease (ACD) is frequently found in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the pathogenesis ACD both cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-1 and Il-6 well a relative deficiency erythroprotein (EPO), are thought to play key role. present study role IL-6 this anaemia was investigated. administered intraperitoneally rats for 14 sequential days. It appeared that able induce anaemia. No evidence suppression bone marrow erythropoiesis or enhanced...
Globally, specific genotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been shown to dominate in patients, suggesting that these are more successful pathogens. One such genotype, the F15/LAM4/KZN (KZN) family M. tuberculosis, has predominated KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, since early 1990s. This strain recently evolved from multidrug-resistant extensively drug-resistant (XDR). The ability strains belonging Beijing family, KZN with unique DNA fingerprint patterns and laboratory (H37Rv H37Ra) adhere...
Central to the paradigm of pathogenesis Mycobacterium tuberculosis is its ability attach to, enter, and subsequently survive in host macrophages. However, little known regarding bacterial adhesins invasins involved this interaction with Pili are cell-surface structures produced by certain bacteria have been implicated adhesion invasion phagocytes several species. M. pili (MTP) encoded Rv3312A (mtp) gene. In present study, we assessed a Δmtp mutant an mtp-complemented clinical strain adhere...
The role of fitness in transmission drug-resistant strains has been explored previous studies; but not established for F15/LAM4/KZN strains, which were responsible the extensively tuberculosis (XDR-TB) outbreak Tugela Ferry, South Africa. biological 15 clinical representing F15/LAM4/KZN, Beijing, F11 and F28 families was determined by growth, viability competition assays correlated with DNA sequencing eight genes associated drug resistance putative compensatory mechanisms. Similar growth...