A5025796414- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV Research and Treatment
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Reproductive tract infections research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Cardiovascular Issues in Pregnancy
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
South African Medical Research Council
2016-2025
Guntur Medical College
2025
University of KwaZulu-Natal
2015-2025
M.S. Ramaiah Medical College
2025
Siddhartha Medical College
2010-2024
Curtin University
2024
Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education
2024
Sri Venkateswara Medical College and Ruia Hospital
2014-2022
Hasselt University
2016-2021
Durham University
2021
Abstract Declines in health service use during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic could have important effects on population health. In this study, we used an interrupted time series design to assess immediate effect of 31 services two low-income (Ethiopia and Haiti), six middle-income (Ghana, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Mexico, Nepal, South Africa Thailand) high-income (Chile Korea) countries. Despite efforts maintain services, disruptions varying magnitude duration...
We aimed to assess the effectiveness of a single dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine (Johnson & Johnson) in health-care workers South Africa during two waves African COVID-19 epidemic.
Sustained viremia after acute HIV infection is associated with profound CD4+ T cell loss and exhaustion of HIV-specific CD8+ responses. To determine the impact combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) on these processes, we examined evolution immune responses in acutely infected individuals initiating treatment before peak viremia. Immediate Fiebig stages I II led to a rapid decline viral load diminished magnitude (tetramer+) compared untreated donors. There was strong positive correlation...
Data on safety and efficacy of second-line tuberculosis drugs in pregnant women their infants are severely limited due to exclusion from clinical trials expanded access programs.Pregnant starting treatment for multidrug/rifampicin-resistant (MDR/RR)-tuberculosis at King Dinuzulu Hospital KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, 1 January 2013 31 December 2017, were included. We conducted a record review describe maternal pregnancy outcomes, assessment infant outcomes.Of 108 treated MDR/RR-tuberculosis,...
To assess i) whether there is an independent association between HIV-prevalence and settlement types (urban formal, urban informal, rural informal), and, ii) this changes over time, in South Africa. We draw on four (2002; 2005; 2008; 2012) cross-sectional African household surveys. Data analysed by sex (male/female), for women age categories (15–49; 15–24; 25–49) at all-time points, men 2012 data (15–24; 25–49). By type sex/age combinations, we descriptively the socio-demographic HIV-risk...
Abstract Following the results of ENSEMBLE 2 study, which demonstrated improved vaccine efficacy a two-dose regimen Ad26.COV.2 given months apart, we expanded Sisonke study had provided single dose to almost 500 000 health care workers (HCW) in South Africa include booster Ad26.COV.2. enrolled 227 310 HCW from 8 November 17 December 2021. Enrolment commenced before onset Omicron driven fourth wave affording us an opportunity evaluate early VE preventing hospital admissions homologous boost...
Abstract This study uses wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) to rapidly and, through targeted surveillance, track the geographical distribution of SARS-CoV-2 variants concern (Alpha, Beta and Delta) within 24 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Western Cape South Africa. Information obtained was used identify circulating variant (VOC) a population retrospectively trace when predominant introduced. Genotyping analysis showed that 50% samples harbored signature mutations linked before third...
Setting-In KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, a TB and HIV endemic setting, prolonged hospitalisation for the treatment of growing number MDR-TB patients is not possible or effective.Objective-We compared early outcomes in with MDR-TB, without co infection, at central, urban, referral hospital four decentralised rural sites.Design-This an operational, prospective cohort study between 1 July 2008 to 30 November 2009, where culture conversion, time-to-culture-conversion, survival predictors these...
The association between bacterial vaginosis (BV) and incident sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in a cohort of high-risk women from Durban, South Africa was investigated this study. We undertook secondary analysis the Methods for Improving Reproductive Health trial that assessed effectiveness latex diaphragm lubricant gel on HIV prevention among women. During study visits, urine specimens were collected testing Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis Trichomonas vaginalis presence...
The aim of this study was to determine whether there are any changes in cardiac function fetuses poorly controlled gestational diabetics and these influence perinatal outcome.Twenty-nine pregnant women with severe diabetes on insulin therapy the third trimester pregnancy were recruited matched 29 normal pregnancies (control group). Using Doppler echocardiography, modified myocardial performance index (Mod-MPI) E wave/A wave peak velocities (E/A) ratios determined. Placental resistance...
There is limited understanding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pathogenesis in African populations with a high burden infectious disease comorbidities such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The kinetics, magnitude, and duration virus-specific antibodies B-cell responses people living HIV (PLWH) sub-Saharan Africa have not been fully characterized.
HIV incidence among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) remains high, with their male partners a prominent factor in sustaining these elevated rates. Partnership characteristics remain important metrics for determining risk, evidence indicating that AGYW engaged transactional age-disparate relationships face greater exposure. This study examines the risk posed to relationship "Blesser", defined as who provides his female partner material needs or desires exchange sexual relationship, an...
Gender related vulnerabilities and inequalities place female learners at high risk of school disengagement due to COVID-19 disruptions. Understanding the impacts closures educational disruptions on in South Africa is critical inform appropriate, gender-sensitive policies, programs, mitigate further exacerbation inequalities. We examined effects that lockdowns have had experiences adolescent girls young women (AGYW) aged 15–24, six districts characterized by rates HIV, teenage pregnancy...
Background Nosocomial transmission has been implicated as a key factor in the outbreak of extensively drug resistant (XDR) and multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) tuberculosis at Church Scotland Hospital (CoSH), KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa. The aim this study was to quantify burden potentially infectious proportion resistance among hospital inpatients throughout province KZN. Methods Inpatients with current cough, capable producing sputum were selected from 19 public hospitals After informed...
With Universal Health Coverage and Integrated People-centred Care, streamlined health-systems respectful care are necessary. South Africa has made great strides in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) but with the burden HIV, a minimum birth 10-week HIV-PCR testing required for estimated 360,000 HIV-exposed infants born annually which presents many challenges including delayed results loss to follow-up. Point-of-care (POC) HIV addresses these well facilitates initiation...
Abstract Background Young women in sub-Saharan Africa remain at the epicentre of HIV epidemic, with surveillance data indicating persistent high levels incidence. In South Africa, adolescent girls and young (AGYW) account for a quarter all new infections. Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDS-free, Mentored Safe (DREAMS) is strategy introduced by United States President’s Emergency Plan AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) aimed reducing incidence among AGYW 10 countries 25% programme’s first year, 40%...
Introduction: Wound infections are frequently attributed to several bacterial pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and members of Enterobacteriaceae family. With emergence MRSA, ESBL producers Carbapenem Resistance Producers, antibiotics have become indispensable in treating the making surveillance changing prevalent microorganisms along with their antibiotic susceptibility patterns a need hour. Objective: This study was aimed isolate bacteria from wound detect...
Iatrogenic vascular injuries are unintended complications arising from medical or surgical procedures, posing significant risks to patient outcomes. These can result various interventions, such as catheter placements and stent insertions, may lead serious complications. This study analyzes a series of iatrogenic encountered at our institution, focusing on their management outcomes enhance safety procedural techniques. From September 1, 2022, May 31, 2024, total nine patients (six males three...
The aim of this study is to determine the fetal modified myocardial performance index (Mod-MPI) and E-wave/A-wave peak velocities (E/A ratio) in deteriorating grades intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) its link adverse outcomes defined as perinatal death, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, neonatal resuscitation, cord pH <7.15, intraventricular hemorrhage bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Forty three pregnant women with IUGR abdominal circumference <10th percentile for gestational age umbilical...