A5087956623- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Sex work and related issues
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Global Health Care Issues
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- HIV Research and Treatment
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Aging and Gerontology Research
- Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Complex Network Analysis Techniques
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
University College London
2017-2025
University of the Witwatersrand
2019-2025
Agincourt Health and Socio-Demographic Surveillance System
2019-2025
Africa Health Research Institute
2017-2025
University of KwaZulu-Natal
2017-2025
Harvard University
2013-2024
Harvard University Press
2019-2024
Mortimer Market Centre
2017-2024
The Royal Free Hospital
2022
China Population and Development Research Center
2021
Objectives We evaluated whether implementation of lockdown orders in South Africa affected ambulatory clinic visitation rural Kwa-Zulu Natal (KZN). Design Observational cohort Setting Data were analysed from 11 primary healthcare clinics northern KZN. Participants A total 46 523 individuals made 89 476 visits during the observation period. Exposure interest conducted an interrupted time series analysis to estimate changes with a focus on transitions prelockdown level 5, 4 and 3 periods....
Social distancing measures to address the US coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic may have notable health and social impacts.
The scale-up of antiretroviral treatment (ART) services in resource-limited settings requires a programmatic model to deliver care large numbers people. Understanding the determinants key outcome measures--including death and nondeath losses--would assist program evaluation development.Between September 2002 August 2005, all in-program (pretreatment on-treatment) deaths losses were prospectively ascertained among treatment-naive adults (n=1235) who enrolled community-based ART South...
Background HIV self-testing (HIVST) may play a role in addressing gaps testing coverage and as an entry point for prevention services. We conducted cluster randomized trial of 2 HIVST distribution mechanisms compared to the standard care among female sex workers (FSWs) Zambia. Methods findings Trained peer educators Kapiri Mposhi, Chirundu, Livingstone, Zambia, each recruited 6 FSW participants. Peer educator–FSW groups were 1 3 arms: (1) delivery (direct oral from educator), (2) coupon (a...
In Brief Background There is considerable evidence of racial/ethnic patterning sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk in the United States. also that poorer persons are at increased STI risk. Evidence regarding interaction race/ethnicity and income limited, particularly nationally individual level. Methods We examined pattern socioeconomic gradients among young people a nationwide US study determined how these varied by race/ethnicity. estimated cumulative diagnosis prevalence chlamydia,...
Background: Based on ethnographic investigations and mathematical models, older sexual partners are often considered a major risk factor for HIV young women in sub-Saharan Africa. Numerous public health campaigns have been conducted to discourage from relationships with men. However, longitudinal evidence relating sex partner age disparity acquisition is limited. Methods: Using data population-based open cohort rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, we studied 15- 29-year-old who were...
We projected the clinical and economic impact of alternative testing strategies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) incidence mortality in Massachusetts using a microsimulation model.
Health-care resource constraints in low-income and middle-income countries necessitate the identification of cost-effective public health interventions to address COVID-19. We aimed develop a dynamic COVID-19 microsimulation model assess clinical economic outcomes cost-effectiveness epidemic control strategies KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa.We compared different combinations five interventions: health-care testing alone, where diagnostic is done only for individuals presenting centres;...
The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension has increased in HIV-positive populations, but there is limited understanding the role that antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs play delivery services for these conditions. aim this study to assess relationship between ART use utilization health care hypertension.Health Aging Africa: A Longitudinal Study an INDEPTH Community South Africa a cohort 5059 adults. baseline collects biomarker-based data on HIV, ART, diabetes, self-reported utilization....
The Africa Centre Demographic Information System (ACDIS) cohort in rural KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, was established 2000.In 2017, the expanded and renamed Population Intervention Platform (PIP). Public health priorities have changed over past 20 years, with widespread availability of ART a growing burden non-communicable disease (NCD).AHRI's research programme has shifted to address these new priorities, deliver evaluate interventions. In mid-2018, had approximately 140,000 individuals...
To determine rates and causes of switching from first- to second-line antiretroviral treatment (ART) regimens in a large treatment-naive cohort (a South African community-based ART service) where targeted adherence intervention was used manage initial virological breakthrough.ART-naive adults (n=929) commencing first-line non-nucleoside-based [according WHO (2002) guidelines] between September 2002 August 2005 were studied prospectively. Viral load (VL) CD4+ T-cell counts monitored every 4...
Abstract Objectives Drawing on the “Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH community South Africa” (HAALSI) baseline survey, we present data older adults’ social networks receipt support rural Africa. We examine how age gender differences network characteristics matched with patterns predicted by theories choice- constraint-based contraction adults. Method used regression analysis for 5,059 African adults aged 40 older. Results Older respondents reported fewer...
Abstract Objective To examine knowledge of menstruation, HIV and STIs other than across eight sites in SSA to develop effective programmatic interventions enabling adolescents achieve positive SRH as their transition adulthood. Methods We combine data from Health Demographic Surveillance Sites sub‐Saharan Africa, an adolescent‐specific survey that included 7116 males females age 10–19 years old. provide pooled site‐specific estimates multiple analytic models examining the how year‐specific...
Abstract Background Social distancing measures to address the U.S. coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic may have notable health and social impacts. Methods Findings We conducted a longitudinal pretest-posttest comparison group study estimate change in COVID-19 case growth before versus after implementation of statewide The primary exposure was time (14 days prior to, up 3 after) (beginning 4 after, 21 first measures. Statewide restrictions on internal movement were examined as...
<h3>Importance</h3> Approximately 356 000 people stay in homeless shelters nightly the United States. They have high risk of contracting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). <h3>Objective</h3> To assess estimated clinical outcomes, costs, and cost-effectiveness associated with strategies for COVID-19 management among adults experiencing sheltered homelessness. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> This decision analytic model used a simulated cohort 2258 residing Boston, Massachusetts....
Abstract Low- and middle-income countries are implementing COVID-19 vaccination strategies in light of varying vaccine efficacies costs, supply shortages, resource constraints. Here, we use a microsimulation model to evaluate clinical outcomes cost-effectiveness program South Africa. We varied coverage, pace, acceptance, effectiveness, cost as well epidemic dynamics. Providing vaccines at least 40% the population prioritizing rollout prevented >9 million infections >73,000 deaths...
There are conflicting reports on the effects of HIV COVID-19. Here, we analyzed disease severity and immune cell changes during after SARS-CoV-2 infection in 236 participants from South Africa, which 39% were people living with (PLWH), first second (Beta dominated) waves. The wave had more PLWH requiring supplemental oxygen relative to HIV-negative participants. Higher was associated low CD4 T counts higher neutrophil lymphocyte ratios (NLR). Yet, recovered NLR stabilized clearance 2...
Peer-to-peer (PTP) HIV self-testing (HIVST) distribution models can increase uptake of testing and potentially create demand for treatment pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We describe the acceptability experiences young women men participating in a cluster randomised trial PTP HIVST antiretroviral/PrEP promotion rural KwaZulu-Natal. Between March September 2019, 24 pairs trained peer navigators were to two approaches distribute packs (kits+HIV prevention information):...
Participation in antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes has been associated with greater utilization of care for hypertension and diabetes rural South Africa. The objective this study was to assess whether people living HIV on ART comorbid or also have improved chronic disease management indicators.
Body dissatisfaction and eating disorders (ED) among young females may increase in limited-resource settings as exposure to media higher-resource cultures increases. We examined ED prevalence its predictors adolescent girls rural north-western Burkina Faso.