The kinetics and mechanism of CeIV oxidation the water catalyst [(bpy)2(H2O)RuIIIORuIII(OH2)(bpy)2]4+ (1, RuIIIORuIII) have been investigated by UV−visible measurements with application global analysis. reaction proceeds stepwise RuIIIORuIII to RuVORuV RuIVORuIII slow step. has identified as an intermediate appearance its ClO4- salt a black suspension in concentrated solutions at 5 °C. It is key oxidation. may involve bimolecular step formation peroxo-bridged intermediate. Catalytic greatly...

Ce(IV) oxidation of the ruthenium blue dimer leads to catalytic water. Kinetic and spectroscopic studies have revealed evidence for RuVORuV as active catalyst. Redox cycling occurs between RuIIIORuIII via a complex sequence coupled steps involving oxidations by second-order cross reactions dimer. The oxygen-evolving step is not rate determining in cycle.

Abstract The emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPS) and the number chemically diverse in global illicit drug market have significantly increased over last few years. Designer benzodiazepines are some most misused NPS worldwide, contributing to both nonfatal fatal overdose cases. use desalkylgidazepam bromazolam has recently emerged, their prevalence been internationally reported. In this study, we quantified using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS) postmortem...

Designer benzodiazepines are a commonly misused class of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) that present challenges for forensic toxicology laboratories and public health. Due to the difficulty in detection by routine methods, it is important enhance analytical methods identification quantitation designer benzodiazepines. The aim this study was identify quantify using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) postmortem blood specimens. A method originally validated...

A simple method for the direct analysis of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) from human urine is described. The uses solid-phase extraction, liquid-liquid and silyl-derivatization, then gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric using GHB-d6 as internal standard. was linear 5 to 500 mg/L, coefficients variation were less than 10%. Twenty-six specimens previously analyzed by an existing yielded GHB concentrations ranging 0 6100 mg/L; results correlated between two methods. Compared with methods,...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of hydrogen-bonding acid sites on silica using the Cal-Ad methodChris W. Chronister and Russell S. DragoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 11, 4793–4798Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00064a045RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views354Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are COUNTER-compliant sum full text...

Fentanyl induces pharmacological effects and abuse liability comparable to other prescription opioids heroin. A surge in fentanyl-related fatalities has been periodically reported throughout the USA. The University of Florida Forensic Toxicology Laboratory observed a significant increase deaths starting mid-2014. present report evaluated toxicological findings, demographics decedents circumstances death postmortem cases that were submitted laboratory for analysis from July 2014 January 2015...

Abstract Synthetic stimulants are the largest class of novel psychoactive substances identified each year by forensic laboratories internationally. While hundreds these drugs appear in drug powders, only a few proliferate use among forensically relevant populations and eventually emerge postmortem clinical investigations. Beta-keto-methylenedioxyamphetamines (i.e., with names ending “ylone”) currently most popular subclass synthetic stimulants. Leading up to its federal scheduling 2018,...

Synthetic cathinones emerged on the novel psychoactive substance (NPS) drug market as alternatives to controlled stimulants and entactogens such methamphetamine 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine. The majority of synthetic can be subclassified into two groups: beta-keto amphetamines (i.e., NPS with suffix "drone") methylenedioxyamphetamines "lone"). Although a significant number have been identified, dominated market, including notable drugs like methylone, butylone, N-ethyl pentylone...

Abstract Between March 2017 and November 2018, 54 prisoner fatal overdose cases submitted to the University of Florida Forensic Toxicology Laboratory involved synthetic cannabinoids including 5F-ADB, FUB-AMB, 5F-AMB, MDMB-FUBINACA AB-CHMINACA. Analysis blood urine samples was performed at NMS Labs (Horsham, PA) by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry screening, confirmatory quantitative methods validated according Scientific Working Group for guidelines. This work highlights...

Synthetic cathinones are an emerging class of designer drugs, frequently with deceptive labels and a multitude analogs to circumvent drug control regulations. Research regarding the pharmacological effects toxicity these amphetamine derivatives is scarce, heightening risk public health safety. The composition synthetic cathinone products continually changes laboratories began notice ethylone-positive in late 2011. This report presents nine postmortem cases whom ethylone was identified....

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization and improvements in the synthesis of novel solid superacid AlCl2(SG)nRussell S. Drago, Steven C. Petrosius, Chris W. ChronisterCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 2, 367–372Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00080a028RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views256Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are...

The opioid epidemic continues to evolve in the USA, with fentanyl most prevalent synthetic fatal drug overdoses. Following scheduling of fentanyl's core structure 2018, there was a notable decline prevalence analogs decedents; however, fluorofentanyl began being reported casework winter 2020. Fluorofentanyl has three positional isomers (para-fluorofentanyl (p-FF), ortho-fluorofentanyl (o-FF) and meta-fluorofentanyl (m-FF)), predominant isomer that recently emerged USA p-FF. goal this study...

The intentional ingestion of sodium nitrite causes toxicity by inducing methemoglobinemia, which can lead to cyanosis, hypotension and death. number reported suicide cases has significantly increased in the past 10 years as is readily available online. traditional tests for nitrate require specialized detection methods are not typically a postmortem toxicology laboratory. This rise overdose indicates need simple, quick test suspected toxicity. In this study, common Griess reagent color...

Novel synthetic opioids contribute considerably to the opioid epidemic, especially with frequent emergence of structurally similar compounds. This case report describes a fatal intoxication involving 2-methyl AP-237. A 54-year-old Caucasian male was found deceased from an apparent drug overdose. plastic container labeled "2MAP" and cut straw were in decedent's backpack at scene. white substance tested positive for fentanyl by field testing. According his medical history, decedent treated...

A unified scale for predicting non-specific solvent polarity employs the physicochemical properties of solutes, such as NMR, EPR, electronic transitions, etc., and equation Δχ=S′P+W in order to produce a solvating ability. This approach is successful due exclusion data systems where donor–acceptor interactions exist. In this paper, Unified Scale extended include polar acceptor solvents by using Δχ=EA′EB+CA′CB*+S′P+W, which takes into account both specific these with donor solute probes. An...

The usual specimens submitted by a medical examiner for toxicological analysis include blood, urine, bile, vitreous humor, stomach contents, and solid-organ tissue. detection of drugs in these typically involves combination techniques including colorimetry, immunoassay, gas chromatography. Although many laboratories rely principally on urine the abuse assays may be applied to other specimen types. An evaluation Microgenics Corporation's cloned enzyme donor immunoassay (CEDIA) was conducted...

Objective. To evaluate the DanceSafe Complete Adulterant Screening Kit for Ecstasy with regard to its accuracy in identifying 3,4‐methylenedioxymeth‐amphetamine (MDMA) and methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) derivatives ability detect certain contaminants. Methods. In part I, 39 street‐grade tablets purported be MDMA were tested Marquis, Mecke, Simon's reagents provided by testing kit. The then submitted gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry identification of active ingredients. II, seven known...

In 2013, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released a warning regarding new recreational drug, acetyl fentanyl. Acetyl fentanyl is μ-opioid receptor agonist, its pharmacological effects include euphoria, altered mood, miosis central nervous system depression. The objective of this report was to develop sensitive specific method quantitation by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in postmortem casework. isolated from biological matrices using solid-phase extraction fentanyl-13C6...

Laws concerning the growing, selling and consuming of cannabis its related products have been changing considerably over last few years. The legalization hemp in 2018 sparked an interest ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC) isomers analogs that are derived from sold with minimal oversight. One example is ∆8-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆8-THC). Although less potent than ∆9-THC, ∆8-THC gaining popularity can easily be found where cannabis-related sold. Forensic Toxicology Laboratory at University...

A 41-year-old African-American woman was admitted to an inpatient hospice facility with advanced, inoperable cervical cancer. The patient experiencing severe pain secondary extensive local tumor invasion, osseous pelvic metastases, and sacral decubitus ulcers. Her treated escalating-dose schedule of morphine sulfate until satisfactory analgesia achieved stable doses a combination controlled-release (MSContin®, Purdue Pharma LP) 400 mg orally every 8 h, immediate-release (MSIR®, LP), 180 4 as...