Abstract Computer operators at two work sites (n=73, n=19) were prompted to take three 30-s and one 3-min break from computer each hour in addition conventional rest breaks. Some asked perform stretching exercises during the short Mood state musculoskeletal discomfort assessed site over a 2- or 3-week baseline period 4- 6- week treatment period, respectively. Operator productivity measures obtained company records. Operators complied with about half of added breaks but favoured No...

Purpose: To understand how oncologists provide care at the end of life, emotions they experience in provision this care, and caring for dying patients may impact job satisfaction burnout. Participants methods: A face-to-face survey in-depth semistructured interview 18 academic who were asked to describe most recent inpatient death on medical oncology service. Physicians details patient death, their involvement with patient, types sequence emotional reactions, methods coping. Grounded theory...

Medical students' learning about end-of-life care can be categorized into three modalities: formal curriculum, taught in lectures; informal conveyed through clinical experiences; and "hidden curriculum," inferred from behaviors implicit medical culture. In this study, we evaluated associations between survey items assessing these modalities perceptions of their preparation, quality education, attitudes toward care.Data were collected a national fourth-year students (n = 1455) at 62 schools...

Abstract BACKGROUND: Palliative care is recognized as integral to the practice of oncology, yet many oncologists report inadequate training in critical palliative domains, such symptom management, psychosocial care, and communication skills. The authors this sought assess quantity quality education within oncology fellowships. METHODS: Second‐year fellows completed a 104‐item survey that was modified adapted from national medical students residents. Items allowed comparison between...

Case-based collaborative learning (CBCL) is a novel small-group approach that borrows from team-based principles and incorporates elements of problem-based (PBL) case-based learning. CBCL includes preclass readiness assurance process in-class activities in which students respond to focused, open-ended questions individually, discuss their answers groups 4, then reach consensus larger 16. This study introduces assesses its effectiveness one course at Harvard Medical School.In 2013 randomized...

Purpose Given the shortage of palliative care specialists in United States, to ensure quality for patients with serious, life-threatening illness, generalist-level competencies need be defined and taught. The purpose this study was define essential medical students internal medicine family (IM/FM) residents through a national survey experts. Method Proposed were derived from existing hospice fellowship revised developmentally appropriate residents. In spring 2012, authors administered...

The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the efficacy a 6-month nurse-coaching intervention that provided after diabetes education for women with type 2 diabetes.In study, 53 were randomized or standard care control condition. consisted 5 individualized sessions and follow-up phone calls over 6 months. included educational, behavioral, affective strategies. Data collected on physiologic adaptation (hemoglobin A1c [A1C] body mass index [BMI]), self-management (dietary exercise),...

To understand the emotional experiences of physicians who care for dying patients and to identify educational opportunities improving patient physician well-being.Between 1999-2001, at two quaternary medical centers in Boston, Massachusetts, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, participated 90-minute, semistructured personal interviews on their most emotionally powerful death. Quantitative data was obtained through face-to-face surveys rated ten-point scales that asked about characteristics responses...

Views of managed care among academic physicians and medical students in the United States are not well known. In 1997, we conducted a telephone survey national sample (506 respondents), residents (494), faculty members (728), department chairs (186), directors residency training internal medicine pediatrics (143), deans (105) at U.S. schools to determine their experiences perspectives on care. The overall rate response was 80.1 percent.

To evaluate the effectiveness of Program in Palliative Care Education and Practice (PCEP), an intensive faculty development program at Harvard Medical School.PCEP is a two-week offered annually with two on-site sessions Boston, MA, interim period distance-learning component. Training integrates palliative care clinical skill development, learning theory teaching methods, leadership organizational change. Longitudinal surveys (preprogram, retrospective preprogram, postprogram) participants...

Purpose. To describe attitudes and practices of end-of-life care teaching in the undergraduate medical curriculum United States as reported by administrative leadership identify opportunities for improvement. Method. A telephone survey associate deans education or curricular affairs at a random sample 62 accredited U.S. schools was conducted 2002. Results. Fifty-one participated (82% response rate). Most (84%) described “very important” supported incorporating more into curriculum....

Context Critical thinking (CT) is a fundamental skill for clinicians. It plays an essential role in clinical decision making, which has implications diagnostic accuracy, appropriate management and, ultimately, patient outcomes. Many theoretical frameworks have conceptualised CT and its related constructs. Nevertheless, it unclear how this topic taught by faculty staff who teach health professionals. Methods The purpose of multi-site qualitative study was to characterise the instructional...

Abstract Purpose: Over the last 50 years, direct communication about cancer with adults has shifted from an approach of not telling to one telling. Less is known practices children. The purpose this study (1) describe patterns at diagnosis between pediatric oncologists and children (2) compare cultural differences in these US Japan. Methods: This 2003 survey, developed English translated into Japanese was mailed members American Society Pediatric Hematology/Oncology two Societies Hematology...

Background: Many reports suggest clinicians are often inadequately prepared to ``diagnose dying'' or discuss the likelihood of imminent death with patients and families. Objective: To describe whether when physicians report recognizing communicating imminence identify potential barriers facilitators recognition communication about dying in hospital. Methods: Secondary exploratory analysis interviews 196 on medical teams caring for 70 who died Results: Although 38% were unsure admission...

Low rates of physician recommendations African American patients to clinical trials warrant further investigation. Interventions reduce misunderstandings and aid decision making need target both family members.

Background: Medical student education is challenging, and concept maps (CMs) can help students link new existing knowledge, promote critical thinking identify knowledge gaps.Aims: To study the feasibility, acceptability, effectiveness of CMs in problem-based learning (PBL) tutorials.Method: Students tutors were randomized to tutorials that used or did not use CMs. A mixed-methods approach generated qualitative quantitative results participants’ perspectives on effects PBL tutorials.Results:...

Objectives The subspecialty consultation represents a potentially powerful opportunity for resident learning, but barriers may limit the educational exchanges between fellows (subspecialty registrars) and residents (house officers). We conducted focus group study of internal medicine (IM) to determine against factors facilitating resident–fellow teaching interactions on wards, identify opportunities maximising learning. Methods four groups IM (n = 18) 16) at two academic medical centres in...

This study aimed to identify the empirical processes and evidence that expert surgical teachers use determine whether take over certain steps or entrust resident with autonomy proceed during an operation.