Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a substantial global health issue owing to its high prevalence and the lack of effective therapies. Fermentation medicinal herbs has always been considered feasible strategy for enhancing efficacy in treating various ailments. This study aimed investigate potential benefits Lactobacillus casei-fermented Amomum xanthioides (LAX) on NAFLD high-fat diet model. HFD-fed C57BL6/j mice were administered with 200 mg/kg LAX or unfermented (AX) 100...

Abstract Objectives Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a significant medical challenge, with no indisputable pathophysiological mechanism identified to date. Methods Based on clinical clues, we hypothesized that 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) hyperactivation implicated in the pathogenic causes of ME/CFS and associated symptoms. We experimentally evaluated this hypothesis series mouse models. Results High-dose selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment...

WDJ-S4, a standardized herbal formula, has been prescribed for refractory functional dyspepsia (FD) in Korea, but the detailed mechanisms are lacking. The present study investigates acceleration of gastrointestinal (GI) motility by WDJ-S4 and its potential mechanisms. For five days, (50, 100 200 mg/kg) or mosapride (3 was orally given to BALB/c mice. After 20 h fasting, loperamide (10 mg/kg, i.p.) mice except normal group. To assess gastric emptying intestinal propulsion, 500 μL 0.05% phenol...

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the emergence of a secondary public health crisis known as Long COVID. It is estimated that approximately 10% individuals who contact develop COVID, with fatigue and brain fog being among most commonly reported debilitating symptoms. However, no standardized or effective treatments are currently available. This observational study aimed evaluate efficacy MYPplus, an herbal formulation composed Astragali Radix, Salviae Aquilariae Lignum, in alleviating...

Sepsis leads to multi-organ failure due aggressive systemic inflammation, which is one of the main causes death clinically. This study aimed evaluate whether ginseng sprout extracts (GSE) can rescue sepsis and explore its underlying mechanisms. C57BL/6J male mice (n = 15/group) were pre-administered with GSE (25, 50, 100 mg/kg, p.o) for 5 days, a single injection lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 30 i.p) was administered construct model. Additionally, RAW264.7 cells treated LPS with/without GSE/its...

Autonomic dysfunction has been associated with risky drinking and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Although autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity attributed to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VmPFC)-limbic-striatal regions, specific role of ANS disruption in AUD its association these regions remain unclear. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) concurrent electrocardiogram (ECG), current study examined neural correlates pathology.Demographically matched 20 patients social...

Cynanchum atratum, a medicinal herb, is traditionally used as an antidote, diuretic, and antipyretic in eastern Asia. The current study aimed to investigate the anti-fatty liver capacity of ethanol extract atratum (CAE) using 10-week high-fat, high-fructose diet mouse model. A six-week treatment CAE (from fifth week) significantly attenuated weights body, liver, mesenteric fat without change intake. also considerably restored alterations serum aminotransferases free fatty acid, fasting blood...

Background: Yeokwisan, a standardized herbal formula, has exhibited clinical benefit for patients suffering from refractory functional dyspepsia (FD) in Korea since 2016. However, data about the mechanism of action this formula are yet not available. Aim study: To evaluate and explore effects Yeokwisan on gastric emptying, major symptom dyspepsia, its underlying mechanisms using mouse model. Materials methods: BALB/C mice were pretreated with (100, 200, 400 mg/kg, po) or mosapride (3 5 days...

Central fatigue, which is neuromuscular dysfunction associated with neurochemical alterations, an important clinical issue related to pathologic fatigue. This study aimed investigate the anti-central fatigue effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) and its underlying mechanism. Male BALB/c mice (8 weeks old) were subjected periodic sleep deprivation (SD) for 6 cycles (forced wakefulness 2 days + 1 normal day per cycle). Simultaneously, administered KRG (0, 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg) ascorbic acid...

Based on traditional pharmacological applications and partial in vitro data, Cynanchum atratum (CA) is proposed to act skin whitening. However, its functional evaluation underlying mechanisms have yet be identified. This study aimed examine the anti-melanogenesis activity of CA fraction B (CAFB) UVB-induced hyperpigmentation. Forty C57BL/6j mice were exposed UVB (100 mJ/cm2, five times/week) for eight weeks. After irradiation, CAFB was applied left ear once a day 8 weeks (the right served as...

Amomum xanthioides (AX) has been used as an edible herbal medicine to treat digestive system disorders in Asia. Additionally, Lactobacillus casei is a well-known probiotic commonly fermentation processes starter. The current study aimed investigate the potential of casei-fermented (LAX) alleviating metabolic induced by high-fat diet (HFD) mouse model. LAX significantly reduced body and fat weight, outperforming AX, yet without suppressing appetite. also markedly ameliorated excessive lipid...

The global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is estimated to be 25% and has continued increase; however, no drugs have yet been approved for NAFLD treatments. ethyl acetate fraction Amomum xanthioides (EFAX) was previously reported an anti-hepatic fibrosis effect, but its effects on steatosis or steatohepatitis remain unclear. This study investigated the anti-fatty EFAX using a high-fat diet mouse model. High-fat intake 8 weeks induced hepatic with mild inflammation...

As a well-known hepatoprotective and antioxidant agent, dimethyl diphenyl bicarboxylate (DDB) has frequently been employed to remedy various liver diseases. However, it is still uncertain whether DDB exerts consistent antioxidative activities against varying degrees of hepatic damage. Therefore, (100, 25, 5, or 50 mg/kg depending on the model) was administered animals in four representative models injury (CCl4 chemical acute model, DMN subchronic TAA chronic restraint stress psychological...

In modern society, numerous metabolic disorders are widespread globally. The present study aimed to demonstrate whether Bacillus subtilis-fermented Amomum xanthioides (BSAX) exerts anti-metabolic disturbance effects compared with the ethyl acetate fraction of (EFAX), a previously verified functional fraction. Mice fed high-fat, high-fructose diet (HFHFD) for 10 wk presented typical model dysfunction, and BSAX significantly attenuated string metabolic-syndrome-related pathological parameters,...

Osteoporosis is a metabolic skeletal disease characterized by lowered bone mineral density and quality, which lead to an increased risk of fracture. The aim this study was evaluate the anti-osteoporosis effects mixture (called BPX) Cervus elaphus sibiricus Glycine max (L.) Merrill its underlying mechanisms using ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model. BALB/c female mice (7 weeks old) were ovariectomized. From 12 ovariectomy, administered BPX (600 mg/kg) mixed in chow diet for 20 weeks. Changes...

This paper presents a comparison of the self-heating effect (SHE) analog FinFETs and gate-all-around FETs (GAAFETs) using TCAD. In addition, analysis dummy patterns for thermal isolation is evaluated.

GLP-1 analogues (GLP-1a) may change sweet food preferences but the neural mechanisms are not fully understood. We studied effect of GLP-1a on responses to drinking high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) using fMRI in 5 lean (LN, BMI 21kg/m2, mean age 21, A1c 5.3%) and 7 obese (OB, 38, 26, 5.5%) subjects. The OB group had a second after 3-mos treatment with liraglutide 3.0 mg daily. Food intake was evaluated by dietary recall. At baseline, increased cerebral blood flow (CBF) regions implicated...

Background: Colon-liver metastasis is observed in approximately 50% of patients with colorectal cancer and a critical risk factor for low survival rate. Several clinical studies have reported that colon-liver accelerated by pathological hepatic microenvironments such as steatosis or fibrosis. Chunggan syrup (CGX), standardized 13-herbal mixture, has been prescribed to chronic liver diseases, including fatty liver, inflammation fibrotic change, based on preclinical evidence. Aim the study: In...