R. M. Kippen
A5013353940- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- SAS software applications and methods
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena
- CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Statistical and numerical algorithms
- Advanced Semiconductor Detectors and Materials
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
Los Alamos National Laboratory
2012-2024
University of Alabama in Huntsville
1999-2024
Goddard Space Flight Center
2024
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics
2008-2011
Marshall Space Flight Center
1998-2011
Universities Space Research Association
2004-2011
University College Dublin
2009-2011
University of Alabama
1999-2009
National Space Science and Technology Center
2003-2009
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt
2009
On August 17, 2017 at 12:41:06 UTC the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) detected and triggered on short gamma-ray burst GRB 170817A. Approximately 1.7 s prior to this GRB, Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) a binary compact merger candidate associated with GRB. This is first unambiguous coincident observation of gravitational waves electromagnetic radiation from single astrophysical source marks start gravitational-wave multi-messenger astronomy. We report GBM...
The Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) will significantly augment the science return from Fermi Observatory in study of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). primary objective GBM is to extend energy range over which are observed downward Large Area Telescope (LAT) on into hard X-ray where extensive previous data sets exist. A secondary compute burst locations onboard allow re-orienting spacecraft so that LAT can observe delayed emission bright bursts. uses an array 12 sodium iodide scintillators and two...
The Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) has triggered 1637 cosmic gamma-ray bursts between 1991 April 19 1996 August 29. These events constitute Fourth BATSE burst catalog. current version (4Br) been revised from first circulated CD-ROM in September 1997 (4B) to include improved locations for a subset of that have reprocssed using additional data. A significant difference previous catalogs is inclusion periods when trigger energy range...
We report on the observation of bright, long gamma-ray burst, GRB 090902B, by Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) and Large Area Telescope (LAT) instruments on-board Fermi observatory. This was one brightest GRBs to have been observed LAT, which detected several hundred photons during prompt phase. With a redshift z = 1.822, this burst is among most luminous Fermi. Time-resolved spectral analysis reveals significant power-law component in LAT data that distinct from usual Band model emission seen...
With an instantaneous view of 70% the sky, Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) is excellent partner in search for electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave (GW) events. GBM observations at time Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) event GW150914 reveal presence a weak transient above 50 keV, 0.4~s after GW event, with false alarm probability 0.0022 (2.9$\sigma$). This lasting 1 s was not detected by any other instrument and does appear connected previously...
The Gamma‐ray Burst Monitor (GBM) on the Fermi Space Telescope detected 12 intense terrestrial gamma ray flashes (TGFs) during its first year of observation. Typical maximum energies for most TGFs are ∼30 MeV, with one TGF having a 38 MeV photon; two softer and longer than others. After correcting instrumental effects, representative bright is found to have fluence ∼0.7 photons cm −2 . Pulses either symmetrical or faster risetimes fall times; they well fit Gaussian lognormal functions....
In three years of observations since the beginning nominal science operations in August 2008, Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board Fermi Gamma Ray Space has observed high-energy (>20 MeV) \gamma-ray emission from 35 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Among these, 28 GRBs have been detected above 100 MeV and 7 ~ 20 MeV. The first Fermi-LAT catalog is a compilation these detections provides systematic study for time. To generate catalog, we examined 733 by Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) processed each...
Since its launch in 2008, the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) has triggered and located on average approximately two gamma-ray bursts (GRB) every three days. Here we present third of a series catalogs GRBs detected by GBM, extending second catalog more years, through middle July 2014. The resulting list includes 1405 triggers identified as GRBs. intention GBM GRB is to provide information community most important observables For each location main characteristics prompt emission,...
We report on the discovery of two emission features observed in x-ray spectrum afterglow gamma-ray burst (GRB) 16 December 1999 by Chandra X-ray Observatory. These are identified with Ly(alpha) line and narrow recombination continuum hydrogenic ions iron at a redshift z = 1.00 +/- 0.02, providing an unambiguous measurement distance GRB. Line width intensity imply that progenitor GRB was massive star system ejected, before event, quantity approximately 0.01 mass sun velocity 0.1 speed light,...
We report on the observation of bright, long gamma-ray burst, GRB 090926A, by Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) and Large Area Telescope (LAT) instruments board \Fermi\ Space Telescope. 090926A shares several features with other bright LAT bursts. In particular, it clearly shows a short spike in light curve that is present all detectors see this turn suggests there common region emission across entire energy range. addition, while separate high-energy power-law component has already been...
We present systematic spectral analyses of GRBs detected by the Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) during its first two years operation. This catalog contains types spectra extracted from 487 GRBs, and fitting four different models, this results in a compendium over 3800 spectra. The models were selected based on their empirical importance to shape many analysis performed was devised be as thorough objective possible. describe detail our procedure criteria for analyses, bulk form parameter...
GRB110721A was observed by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope using its two instruments Large Area (LAT) and Burst Monitor (GBM). The burst consisted of one major emission episode which lasted for ~24.5 seconds (in GBM) had a peak flux 5.7\pm0.2 x 10^{-5} erg/s/cm^2. time-resolved spectrum is best modeled with combination Band function blackbody spectrum. energy component initially 15\pm2 MeV, highest value ever detected in GRB. This measurement made possible combining GBM/BGO data LAT Low...
[1] Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs) are brief pulses of energetic radiation observed in low-earth orbit. They associated with thunderstorms and lightning have been both as gamma-ray electron flashes depending on the position spacecraft respect to source. While TGFs detected short lasting less than 1 ms, most seen by Fermi Burst Monitor (GBM) durations greater ms are, instead, result electrons traveling from sources along geomagnetic field lines. We perform spectral analysis three...
The Crab Nebula is the only hard X-ray source in sky that both bright enough and steady to be easily used as a standard candle. As result, it has been normalization by most X-ray/gamma-ray telescopes. Although small-scale variations nebula are well known, since start of science operations Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) 2008 August, ∼7% (70 mCrab) decline observed overall flux 15–50 keV band, measured with Earth occultation technique. This independently confirmed ∼15–50 band three other...
We present the observations of GRB090510 performed by Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope and Swift observatory. This is a bright, short burst that shows an extended emission detected in GeV range. Furthermore, its optical initially rises, feature so far observed only long bursts, while X-ray flux initial shallow decrease, followed steeper decay. exceptional behavior enables us to investigate physical properties GRB outflow, poorly known bursts. discuss internal shock external models for...
A new data mode and analysis methods are used to detect Terrestrial Gamma‐ray Flashes (TGFs) with the Fermi Burst Monitor (GBM) 10 times more frequently than previously. In 1037 h of observations at over regions for which TGFs expected, 384 were found in addition 39 two Electron Beam events already detected without methodology. Cosmic ray showers be an important background; they show characteristic signatures both GBM Large Area Telescope Calorimeter that enable their removal, leaving a...
The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) is designed to enhance the scientific return from in studying gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In its first two years of operation GBM triggered on 491 GRBs. We summarize criteria used for triggering and quantify general characteristics GRBs, including their locations, durations, peak flux, fluence. This catalog an official product science team, data files containing complete results are available High-Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center.
The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) has detected over 1400 Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) since it began science operations in July, 2008. We use a subset of 300 GRBs localized by instruments such as Swift, the Large Area Telescope, INTEGRAL, and MAXI, or through triangulations from InterPlanetary Network (IPN), to analyze accuracy GBM GRB localizations. find that reported statistical uncertainties on localizations, which can be small 1 degree, underestimate distance positions true locations we...
The imaging Compton telescope COMPTEL aboard NASA's Gamma-Ray Observatory has opened the MeV gamma-ray band as a new window to astronomy. provided first complete all-sky survey in energy range 0.75 30 MeV. catalogue, presented here, is largely restricted published results. It contains firm well marginal detections of continuum and line emitting sources presents upper limits for various types objects. numbers most significant are 32 steady 31 bursters. Among sources, detected so far,...
We report on a search for correlations between terrestrial gamma ray flashes (TGFs) detected by the Fermi Gamma‐ray Burst Monitor (GBM) and lightning strokes measured using World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN). associate 15 of total 50 GBM‐detected TGFs with individual discharges. establish relative timing TGF stroke to an accuracy <50 μ s, find that in 13 these lightning‐TGF associations, peak are simultaneous ∼40 s. This suggests large fraction coincident The two...
We report the discovery of a new soft gamma repeater (SGR), SGR 1627-41, and present BATSE observations burst emission BeppoSAX Narrow-Field Instrument probable persistent X-ray counterpart to this SGR. All but one spectrum are well fit by an optically thin thermal bremsstrahlung model with kT values between 25 35 keV. The counterpart, SAX J1635.8-4736, is similar that other counterparts. find weak evidence for periodic signal at 6.41 s in light curve source. Like SGRs, source appears be...
[1] The Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) on the Fermi Space Telescope (Fermi) detected 50 terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) during its first 20 months of operation. high efficiency and large area GBM detectors, combined with their fine timing capabilities relatively throughput, allow unprecedented studies temporal properties TGFs. TGF pulses are observed to have durations as brief ∼0.05 ms, shorter than previously measured. There is a narrow distribution pulse durations; majority total...