A5031578464- Helminth infection and control
- Gut microbiota and health
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Blood groups and transfusion
- Blood disorders and treatments
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Platelet Disorders and Treatments
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Amyloidosis: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcomes
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Dermatological diseases and infestations
- Infant Health and Development
- Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
ETH Zurich
2021-2025
University of Edinburgh
2015-2025
Centre for Inflammation Research
2018-2025
Queen's Medical Centre
2019-2025
SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
2022
The Queen's Medical Research Institute
2018-2021
Medical Research Council
2019-2020
Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution
2017-2019
Wilhelmina Children's Hospital
2019
University Medical Center Utrecht
2019
We identified a crypt-specific core microbiota (CSCM) dominated by strictly aerobic, nonfermentative bacteria in murine cecal and proximal colonic (PC) crypts hypothesized that, among its possible functions, it may affect epithelial regeneration. In the present work, we isolated representative CSCM strains using selective media based upon our initial 16S rRNA-based molecular identification (i.e., Acinetobacter, Delftia, Stenotrophomonas). Their tropism for crypt was confirmed, their...
Rationale: The respiratory microbiota is increasingly being appreciated as an important mediator in the susceptibility to childhood tract infections (RTIs). Pathogens are presumed originate from nasopharyngeal ecosystem.Objectives: To investigate association between early life and development of RTIs.Methods: In a prospective birth cohort (Microbiome Utrecht Infant Study: MUIS), we characterized oral longitudinally until 6 months age 112 infants (nine regular samples/subject) compared them...
Abstract Endotoxin-driven systemic immune activation is a common hallmark across various clinical conditions. During acute critical illness, elevated plasma lipopolysaccharide triggers non-specific activation. In addition, compositional shift in the gut microbiota, including an increase gut-luminal opportunistic pathogens, observed. Whether causal link exists between endotoxemia and abundance of pathogens incompletely understood. Here, we model acute, pathophysiological concentrations mice...
How infectious disease agents interact with their host changes during the course of infection and can alter expression disease-related traits. Yet by measuring parasite life-history traits at one or few moments infection, studies have overlooked impact variable growth trajectories on evolution. Here we show that infection-age-specific estimates fitness components reveal new insight into evolution parasites. We do so characterizing within-host dynamics over an entire period for five genotypes...
Gastrointestinal (GI) helminths are common parasites of humans, wildlife, and livestock, causing chronic infections. In humans poor nutrition or limited resources can compromise an individual's immune response, predisposing them to higher helminth burdens. This relationship has been tested in laboratory models by investigating infection outcomes following reductions specific nutrients. However, much less is known about how diet supplementation impact susceptibility infection, acquisition...
The phenotype of an organism results from its genotype and the influence environment throughout development. Even when using animals same genotype, independent studies may test different phenotypes, resulting in poor replicability due to genotype-by-environment interactions. Thus, genetically defined strains mice respond differently experimental treatments depending on their rearing environment. However, extent such phenotypic plasticity implications for research findings have remained...
Salmonella Typhimurium elicits gut inflammation by the costly expression of HilD-controlled virulence factors. This alleviates colonization resistance (CR) mediated microbiota and thereby promotes pathogen blooms. However, inflamed gut-milieu can also select for hilD mutants, which cannot elicit or maintain inflammation, therefore causing a loss pathogen’s virulence. raises question conditions support maintenance in S . Typhimurium. Indeed, it remains unclear why wild-type allele is dominant...
Coinfections with parasitic helminths and microparasites are highly common in nature can lead to complex within-host interactions between parasite species which cause negative health outcomes for humans, domestic wild animals. Many of these effects worsen increasing burdens. However, even though many studies have identified several key factors that determine worm burdens across various host systems, less is known about how the immune response interacts what consequences outcome interactions....
Within-host interactions among coinfecting parasites are common and have important consequences for host health disease dynamics. However, these within-host traditionally been studied in laboratory mouse models, which often exclude variation use unnatural host-parasite combinations. Conversely, the few wild studies of lack knowledge parasite exposure infection history. Here we exposed laboratory-reared wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) that were derived from wild-caught animals to two...
The role of the host immune system in determining parasite burdens and mediating within-host interactions has traditionally been studied highly controlled laboratory conditions. This does, however, not reflect diversity individuals living nature, which is often characterised by significant variation demography, such as age, sex, infection history. Whilst studies using wild hosts parasites are beginning to give insights into complex relationships between immunity, cause-and-effect remain...
Parasitic helminths are extremely resilient in their ability to maintain chronic infection burdens despite (or maybe because of) hosts' immune response. Explaining how parasites these lifelong infections, identifying the protective mechanisms that regulate helminth burdens, and designing prophylactics therapeutics combat infection, while preserving host health requires a far better understanding of system functions natural habitats than we have at present. It is therefore necessary...
Abstract Respiratory tract infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide in young children. Concepts such as the gut-lung axis have highlighted impact microbial communities at distal sites mediating disease locally. However, little is known about extent to which from multiple body linked, how this relates susceptibility. Here, we combine 16S-based rRNA sequencing data 112 healthy, term born infants, spanning three (oral cavity, nasopharynx, gut) first six months life....
Recent research suggests that the microbiota affects susceptibility to both respiratory tract infections (RTIs) and gastrointestinal (GIIs). In order optimize global treatment options, it is important characterize profiles across different niches geographic/socioeconomic areas where RTI GII prevalences are high.We performed 16S sequencing of nasopharyngeal swabs from 209 Venezuelan Amerindian children aged 6 weeks-59 months who were participating in a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine...
Influenza and other respiratory viruses promote
Abstract The immune system represents a host’s main defense against infection to parasites and pathogens. In the wild, response challenges can vary due physiological condition, demography (age, sex), coinfection by other or These sources of variation, which are intrinsic natural populations, significantly impact strength type responses elicited after parasite exposure infection. Importantly, but often neglected, also within individual, across tissues between local systemic scales....
Abstract Gastrointestinal helminths are common parasites of humans, wildlife, and livestock, leading to chronic infections in large parts the world. In there is also an overlap incidence malnutrition helminth which can predispose individuals higher infection burdens reduced anthelmintic efficacy due compromised immunity. This relationship has been well-studied laboratory models by testing for impact dramatic reductions specific nutrients on outcomes. However, much less known about benefits...
<b>Rationale:</b> The respiratory microbiota is increasingly being appreciated as an important mediator in the susceptibility to childhood tract infections (RTIs). We investigated association between early-life and development of RTIs. <b>Methods:</b> In a prospective birth cohort, we characterized oral longitudinally from until six months age 112 infants (9 regular samples/subject) compared them with nasopharyngeal using 16S-rRNA-based sequencing. also nasopharynx samples during RTI...
Abstract The phenotype of an organism results from its genotype and the influence environment throughout development. Even when using animals same genotype, independent studies may test different phenotypes, resulting in poor replicability due to genotype-by-environment interactions 1–4 . Thus, genetically defined strains mice respond differently experimental treatments depending on their rearing 5 However, extent such phenotypic plasticity implications for research findings have remained...
Background: Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) alters nasopharyngeal microbial community structures in adults. Additionally, LAIV immunogenicity varies across populations for reasons poorly understood, but may be linked to the microbiome. We investigated impact of on microbiota, and microbiota an open label randomised controlled trial Gambian children.Methods: conducted a phase IV clinically well children aged 24-59 months The Gambia (NCT02972957). Participants (n=330) were 2:1 receive...