With the advent of next generation space-based laser altimeters, ICESat-2 and GEDI, we are entering an exciting era active remote sensing forests that offers unprecedented opportunities for observation forest structure. Consistent comparisons accuracy terrain canopy height retrievals these two missions essential continued improvement further application. Because time interval between spaceborne products validation data may introduce additional errors, validate newly released GEDI L2A product...

Temporal and spatial variation of sea ice type in the Arctic is an indicator regional global change. can be classified into two major categories: multiyear (MYI) first-year ice. In this paper, classification method based on machine learning established applied to produce daily data set during winter (November-April) from 2002 2017 using active microwave QuikSCAT Advanced Scatterometer as well passive Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS, Special Sensor Imager/Sounder, 2 radiometer. First,...

Mapping landfast sea ice at a fine spatial scale is not only meaningful for geophysical study, but also of benefit providing information about human activities upon it. The combination unmanned aerial systems (UAS) with structure from motion (SfM) methods have already revolutionized the current close-range Earth observation paradigm. To test their feasibility in characterizing properties and dynamics fast ice, three flights were carried out 2016–2017 austral summer during 33rd Chinese...

Tissue-engineered ear cartilage scaffold based on three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology presents a new strategy for reconstruction in individuals with microtia. Natural hydrogel is promising material due to its excellent biocompatibility and low immunogenicity. However, insufficient mechanical property required one of the major issues pending be solved. In this study, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) reinforced bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) was developed enhance biomechanical properties...

Synectic Aperture Radar (SAR) backscatter coefficient is sensitive to glacier surface physical characteristic changes, including the states of melting and refreezing, but it also incidence angle variation. This study explores capability monitoring Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) status with Sentinel-1 dual-polarized images by referring Automatic Weather Station (AWS) records. SAR at five coastal regions GrIS are obtained from 2017 2021. The coefficients normalized an 30° empirical model. Time...

Abstract. Arctic sea ice type (SITY) variation is a sensitive indicator of climate change. However, systematic inter-comparison and analysis for SITY products are lacking. This study analysed eight daily from five retrieval approaches covering the winters 1999–2019, including purely radiometer-based (C3S-SITY), scatterometer-based (KNMI-SITY IFREMER-SITY) combined ones (OSISAF-SITY Zhang-SITY). These were inter-compared against weekly age product (i.e. NSIDC-SIA – National Snow Ice Data...

Moderate-resolution optical imagery holds great potential in deriving Arctic sea ice drift fields because of its higher resolution than microwave radiometers and scatterometers, as well larger swath widths most other synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. However, the application such is hindered by cloud influences a lack texture. In this study, we propose method based on applying feature tracking to Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery. To enhance quality step,...

Numerical models serve as an essential tool to investigate the causes and effects of Arctic sea ice changes. Evaluating simulation capabilities most recent CMIP6 in volume flux provides references for model applications improvements. Meanwhile, reliable long-term results contribute a deeper understanding response global climate change.In this study, through six gateways over past four decades (1979–2014) were estimated combination satellite observations concentration (SIC) motion...

Integrated retrieval using the optimal estimation (OE) method iteratively finds a set of geographical parameters that best match observations. However, this becomes more challenging over ice surface due to highly sensitive such as sea concentration (SIC) and multiyear (MYIC). In study, new time constraint captures distinct temporal characteristics SIC MYIC is incorporated into OE method. The integrated retrievals, both original time-constraint (referred OE-Z, respectively), were conducted...

Arctic sea ice motion information provides an important scientific basis for revealing the changing mechanism of and assessing navigational safety waterways. For now, many satellite derived products have been released but few studies conducted comparisons these products. In this study, eleven from Ocean Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI SAF), National Snow Data Center (NSIDC), French Research Institute Exploitation Seas (Ifremer) were systematically evaluated compared based on...

Passive microwave (PM) and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) observations are essential tools for providing long time series of sea-ice cover information, including concentration (SIC) extent (SIE). Large uncertainties have been revealed in PM SIC/SIE products the marginal ice zone (MIZ) during melting season, where fusion with SAR data could be effective improving accuracy due to its high spatial resolution ability preserve detailed distributions. A comprehensive comparison is needed better...

Sea ice drift is a critical parameter for understanding the rapid changes in Arctic sea ice. Since release of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), there has been lack quantitative analysis regarding CMIP6's simulation drift. This study aims to assess simulated from 1979‒2014 by fifteen CMIP6 models against recent satellite retrievals, utilizing various indices. Additionally, influence near-surface wind and surface ocean current on model performance further analyzed. The...

The temporal and spatial variability of the Antarctic coastline is a clear indicator change in extent mass balance ice sheets shelves. In this study, Canny edge detector was utilized to automatically extract high-resolution information for 2005, 2010, 2017, based on optical microwave satellite data. order improve accuracy extracted coastlines, we developed algorithm by calculating local low high thresholds via intensity histogram each image derive distinguish sheet from water. A visual...

As a result of global warming, multiyear ice (MYI) is being replaced by first-year (FYI) in the Arctic. Microwave scatterometers Ku-band and C-band can provide daily observations sea type. However, their comparative capabilities mapping type have not been thoroughly evaluated. We present systematic intercomparison backscatter signature VV polarization ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math...

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images are commonly used to monitor glacier flow velocity at Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS). However, offset-tracking with SAR imagery in summer usually show poor quality because the rapid ice surface freezing-melting cycles contaminating backscattering characteristic, while optical less sensitive this phenomenon. In study, we combine Sentinel-1 and -2 create time series for Petermann glacier, located northern GrIS. Firstly, technique is employed acquire initial...

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are important pathogens for humans and other vertebrates, causing severe respiratory intestinal infections that have become a threat to public health because of the potential interspecies transmission between animals humans. Therefore, development safe, effective vaccines remains top priority control CoV infection. The unique immunological characteristics featuring messenger RNA (mRNA) present an advantageous tool coronavirus vaccine development. Here, we designed two...

Abstract. Large volumes of surface meltwater are routed through supraglacial internally drained catchments (IDCs) on the Greenland Ice Sheet each summer. Because routing impacts timing and discharge entering ice sheet moulins, accurately modeling moulin hydrographs is crucial for correctly coupling energy mass balance models with subglacial hydrology dynamics. Yet sheets remains a poorly understood physical process. We use high-resolution (0.5 m) satellite imagery derivative (3.0 digital...

Abstract Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) surface melt has contributed to the global sea‐level rise and ongoing warming is expected promote this process. This study provides a new strategy for quantitative estimate of GrIS daily at enhanced resolution (3.125 km) from remote sensing perspective beyond traditional regional climate models (RCMs). Daily flux estimated spaceborne radiometer observations with back‐propagation neural network model. The trained fluxes that are calculated using detailed...

Abstract. The generation, transport, storage and drainage of meltwater play important roles in the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) subglacial system. Active lakes, common features Antarctica, have recently been detected beneath GrIS may impact ice sheet hydrology. Despite their potential importance, few repeat lake filling events identified Greenland. Here we examine surface elevation change a collapse basin at Flade Isblink cap, northeast Greenland, which formed due to sudden 2011. We estimate...

The gradient ratios (GRs), defined as the normalized difference between measured vertically (V) or horizontally (H) polarized brightness temperatures (TBs) at two frequencies, have been commonly used to retrieve snow depth on Arctic sea ice from passive microwave radiometer data. In this study, influences of density relationship GR 6.9 and 18.7 GHz TBs (i.e., GRV(19/7)) were investigated through observed data simulation. former was based regression analysis GRV(19/7) observations Advanced...