Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were obtained from HIV-1-infected patients at different stages of disease. The absolute number IgM-, IgG-, and IgA-producing per 10(6) PBL was increased 2.8-, 3.4-, 1.9-fold, respectively, compared with normal controls. 2-17% IgG-secreting patient cells reacted the gp160 envelope glycoprotein HIV-1 (a 737-fold increase over background), while 1-9% p24 (140-fold background). In addition to this HIV-specific B cell activation, reactive nonviral antigens such...

A novel series of plasmid vectors named pDUAL have been developed. These enable one to introduce not only multicopies genes with episomal maintenance but also a single copy chromosomal integration into the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The multicopy plasmids can be easily converted fragments for by digestion certain restriction endonuclease before transformation yeast cells. resultant fragments, lacking autonomously replicating sequence, are designed targeting leu1 locus...

SDS-PAGE is a basic method that has long been used for separation of proteins according to their molecular sizes. Despite its simplicity, it provides information on characteristics beyond masses because gel mobility often reflects physicochemical properties and post-translational modifications. Here we report global analysis the proteome, which term "mobilitome," covering 93.4% fission yeast proteome. To our surprise, more than 40% did not migrate calculated positions. Statistical analyses...

Abstract The carcinogenicity of quercetin, a flavonol, was tested in six‐week‐old ddY mice both sexes. Groups 38 males and 35 females were given pellet diet containing 2% quercetin throughout their life span. As controls, 16 15 basal diet. Animals test control groups developed leukemia tumors the lung, forestomach, mammary gland, adrenal, soft part tissues. In addition, some animals treated with heart, liver, salivary ovary, uterus. incidences these not statistically different.

The infection cycle of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi in mouse peritoneal mesothelial cells, observed late the course an established infection, intimately involved host cell plasma membrane. Organisms multiplied cytoplasm, moved to periphery, and acquired a host-membrane coat as they budded from surface. Rickettsiae enveloped by this membrane entered other apparently phagocytic mechanism. escaped vacuole disintegrated. Free rickettsiae replicated binary fission cytoplasm. Rickettsial cells induced...

SUV39H is the major histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9)-specific methyltransferase that targets pericentric regions and crucial for assembling silent heterochromatin. recognizes trimethylated H3K9 (H3K9me3) via its chromodomain (CD), enriched H3K9me3 allows to target specific chromosomal regions. However, detailed targeting mechanisms, especially naïve chromatin without preexisting H3K9me3, are poorly understood. Here we show Suv39h1’s CD (Suv39h1-CD) binds nucleic acids, this binding important...

The relative contributions of cellular and humoral immunity in scrub typhus infections were studied inbred mice employing paired strains Rickettsia tsutsugamushi differing virulence. An infectious dose (100 MID50) the less virulent Gilliam strain resulted heterologous immune protection against an otherwise lethal challenge (1,000 MLD50) Karp strain. Partial was observed animals preimmunized with as early 3 days prior to challenge, whereas complete illness death existed immunized at least 7...

Abstract In the modern era, structural color materials are regarded as safe and promising alternatives to colorants that contain harmful components. However, developing exhibit vivid colors with minimal angular dependence is crucial for their practical application. this study, spherical colloidal crystals (photonic balls) bright effectively suppressed developed using monodisperse high refractive index CeO₂ particles. To fabricate these photonic balls, CeO₂@PDA particles synthesized by...

Journal Article Doxycycline Prophylaxis for Human Scrub Typhus Get access J. C. Twartz, Twartz Search other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Shirai, Shirai G. Selvaraju, Selvaraju P. Saunders, Saunders D. L. Huxsoll, Huxsoll M. Groves The of Infectious Diseases, Volume 146, Issue 6, December 1982, Pages 811–818, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/146.6.811 Published: 01 1982 history Received: 14 January Revision received: 07 May

Journal Article Single dose doxycycline therapy for scrub typhus Get access G.W. Brown, Brown United States Army Medical Research Unit, Institute Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Search other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J.P. Saunders, Saunders Sadhu Singh, Singh D.L. Huxsoll, Huxsoll A. Shirai Transactions of The Royal Society Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 72, Issue 4, 1978, Pages 412–416, https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(78)90138-4 Published: 01...

IL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in the regulation of hematopoiesis and lymphocyte activation. An extremely sensitive ELIspot assay was developed to detect enumerate individual cells secreting normal BALB/c mice. Under physiologic conditions, frequency producing bone marrow, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes adult animals approximately 0.5, 0.1, 0.01%, respectively. FACS analysis revealed that macrophages Mac1- B220- accounted for vast majority production whereas T B lymphocytes 4% 38%...

Norharman enhanced the known mutagenicity of 2-acetylaminofluorene derivatives in Salmonella test system. The mutagenicities 2-acetylaminofluorene, 2-aminofluorene, and N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene were by norharman only when rat liver microsomal enzymes added, whereas N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene was increased absence enzymes. Harman also mutagenesis, althouth less so than norharman.

An indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test is described that uses glutaraldehyde-stabilized erythrocytes treated with a rickettsial erythrocyte-sensitizing substance obtained from Rickettsia typhi or rickettsii. The serological reagent was stable for at least 3 months room temperature and 6 4 C. It exhibited group specificity no cross-reactivity. At minimum dilution of 1:40, acute early convalescent epidemic murine typhus antisera showed 86% positive reactors, whereas similar spotted fever had...

Intraperitoneal (i.p.) infection of BALB/c mice with 1,000 50% mouse lethal doses the Karp strain Rickettsia tsutsugamushi was inevitably lethal, and associated pathological alterations were confined to peritoneal cavity. These included: (i) continuous proliferation rickettsial organisms in macrophages until death; (ii) hepatic granulomas appearing 6 days after increasing size number (iii) splenomegaly, resulting principally from lymphoid tissue, (iv) terminal peritonitis. Under two...

Journal Article SEROLOGIC RESPONSE TO MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE INFECTION: II. SIGNIFICANCE OF ANTIBODY MEASURED BY DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES Get access D. TAYLOR-ROBINSON, TAYLOR-ROBINSON 1National Institutes of Health, National Institute Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory Bethesda,Maryland 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. SHIRAI, SHIRAI 2Flow Laboratories, Rockville,Maryland O. SOBĚSLAVSKY, SOBĚSLAVSKY 200143W.H.O. Fellow from the...

Serological surveillance for up to two years of 114 patients with laboratory confirmed scrub typhus showed that antibody Rickettsia tsutsugamushi as demonstrated by the indirect fluorescent test is short-lived. The mean reversion time from peak titre (1:499) was 48·9 weeks and calculated annual rate a <1:50 61%. This can be used estimate attack rates based on point prevalence antibody. relationship between observed other workers using this model. possible uses finding its implications in...

Rickettsia tsutsugamushi organisms were detected and typed antigenically by direct immunofluorescence in mites from laboratory-maintained infected colonies of Leptotrombidium (Leptotrombidium) fletcheri L. (L.) arenicola. Rickettsiae identified most readily unengorged larvae, but also discernable engorged larvae all post-larval stages the vectors.

Inducible/repressible promoters are useful for the maintenance of toxic genes or timely expression. For ectopic expression cloned in fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, thiamine-regulatable nmt1 promoter has been widely used, since transcriptional activity this can be controlled by thiamine. However, property sometimes limits a certain type research, inevitably requires cells to cultivated under conditions that induce activation. To allow constitutive heterologous genes, we three cam1+,...