Abstract This study demonstrates an integrate and fire (I&F) neuron using threshold switching (TS) devices to implement spike‐based neuromorphic system. An I&F can be realized the hysteric voltage switch characteristics of a TS device. To investigate effects various on behavior, neurons are compared three different types device: NbO 2 ‐based insulator‐to‐metal transition (IMT) device, B–Te‐based ovonic Ag/HfO atomic‐switching The results show that off‐state resistance time determine...

Research interest has increasingly focused on the psychosocial factors related to online game addiction. This study examines relationship of various variables addiction, and mediation effect avatar identification relationship. Questionnaires assessing self-esteem, depression, social skills, were completed by 163 third-year middle school students. Correlation structural equation modeling analyses conducted. Results indicated (a) that self-esteem skills had significant negative correlations...

Previous studies have shown that female adolescents are at a higher risk of low self-esteem than male adolescents, and in is critical for academic performance, adult health, economic status. Depression, social withdrawal, grit predicted to be internal factors affect self-esteem, an integrated exploration the relationship between them required proper approach enhance adolescents. Therefore, this study investigated influence withdrawal depression on among explored mediating effect self-esteem....

This study analyzed changes in physical development by comparing the growth patterns of Korean male students during Japanese colonial period and modern Korea. Using ‘Physical Examination Results School Students’ Government-General Korea 1916 2017 Child Adolescent Growth Chart, we compared age-related height, weight, BMI rates. Modern were taller heavier than Joseon students, their height weight rates also faster. Most BMIs underweight standards. confirmed impact times on through a comparison...

This study analyzed the influence of parenting attitudes, teacher relationships, peer and self-esteem on ADHD tendencies in adolescents verified mediating effect self-esteem. The included 1,959 middle school students sampled nationwide based ‘Survey Mental Health Adolescents’ by Korea Youth Policy Institute. Results showed that relationships positively affected self-esteem, while attitudes negatively impacted tendencies. Self-esteem also influenced mediated between highlights importance...

In this letter, a new ovonic threshold switch (OTS) device based on simple binary Boron-Tellurium (B-Te) film is developed and implemented in series with the source region of transistor. The newly B-Te-based shows excellent characteristics such as low operating voltage, leakage current, abrupt turn-on/off slope, fast switching speed, high endurance, thermal stability. Due to great properties B-Te OTS device, transistor exhibits subthreshold swing less than 10 mV/dec on/off current ratio...

This paper proposes a conceptual methodology for designing vertical takeoff and landing aircraft with hybrid-electric propulsion system as an alternative to facilitate intercity missions urban air mobility. Four new modules are developed consider the diversity of configurations, flight mechanisms, architectures. The flight-analysis module is proposed account various lift- thrust-generating devices. sizing modified by additionally considering transition flight. Based on battery...

This paper proposes novel enhancements to the electric propulsion system analysis method for vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft conceptual design by considering electrical characteristics of each device in a more accurate manner. To this end, three modules motor, inverter, battery are constructed using equivalent circuits semi-empirical models. First, motor module is developed circuit with operation control strategy permanent-magnet synchronous motor. Second, inverter built...

Oscillatory neural networks with nano-oscillators and synapse devices are a promising alternative to implement neuromorphic systems owing its fast recognition speed low power consumption. In this paper, we demonstrate compact frequency storable oscillator using nanoscale two-terminal NbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> insulator-metal-transition along TaO xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> -based resistive...

We perform experiments and device simulations to investigate the origin of current-voltage (I-V) linearity TaO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> -based resistive switching memory (RRAM) devices for their possible application as electronic synapses. By using electrical characterization simulations, we link characteristics (linear or nonlinear I-V) microscopic properties conductive filament (CF). Our findings indicate that...

Hardware neural networks (HNNs) which use synapse device (SD) arrays show promise as an approach to energy efficient parallel computation of massive vector-matrix multiplication. To maximize the inference accuracy application-specific HNNs, we propose a highly reliable 2-terminal SD with fixed resistance based on WOx films. First, investigate requirements array-based HNN through MATLAB and SPICE simulations taking into account parasitic effects in array. On top that, fabricate utilize...

Today, people listen to music loud using personal listening devices. Although a majority of studies have reported that the high volume played on these devices produces latent risk hearing problems, there is lack double noise exposures such as environmental plus recreational noise. The present study measures preferred levels mobile phone program with subway interior for 74 normal-hearing participants in five age groups (ranging from 20s 60s). speakers presented at 73.45 dB, while each subject...

In this letter, we propose a compact frequency programmable oscillator with an NbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -based insulator-metal transition (IMT) device and three-terminal Li-based electro-chemical RAM (Li-ECRAM) for coupled oscillators-based temporal pattern recognition system. Owing to the non-volatility, multilevel characteristics, linear conductance modulation of Li-ECRAM, our proposed exhibits large number...

Many research groups have developed various questionnaires for hearing-impaired listeners since 1990 while proving their reliability and validity.Currently, audiologists are able to use some of them at the beginning and/or end consultation with patients thus estimate specific problems related hearing loss, difficult listening situations, degree disability including psychosocial emotional aspects, benefit from aids based on numerical values questionnaires.However, although these own purposes...

Synchronized-spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SSOAEs) are slow-decaying (OAEs) that persist up to several hundred milliseconds following presentation of a transient stimulus. If the inter-stimulus interval is sufficiently short, SSOAEs will contaminate stimulus window adjacent epoch. In medial-olivocochlear reflex (MOCR) assays, SSOAE contamination can present as change in between quiet and noise conditions, since sensitive MOCR activation. Traditionally, conditions implicates acoustic...

Background and Objectives Although mass transit systems are convenient efficient for urban people, little attention has been paid to the potential hearing hazard from their noise. The purpose of current study was measure analyze levels subway interior noise at peak commuter times provide information about commuters' daily dose exposure. Materials Methods To noise, nine lines inside Seoul (i.e., 1-9) six surrounding capital city area Central, Bundang, Sinbundang, Incheon, Gyeongui,...

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3514.vid This study develops a fuel cell/battery hybrid system sizing methodology for eVTOL aircraft. The is parameterized each component. operating characteristics of the battery and cell according to conditions are reflected in sizing. power balancing between considered obtain optimal balance point two sources. suggested method applied an aircraft All results derived by quantifying technological development trend component matching...

Neuromorphic computing has gained a considerable research interest due to its potential in realizing highly efficient parallel computations. However, the existing neuromorphic architectures face various drawbacks. In this study, we present an integrate-and-fire (I&F) neuron using Li-based electrochemical random access memory (Li-ECRAM) achieve exceptional area efficiency and low-power computing. The proposed Li-ECRAM employs significantly reduced number of transistors when compared other...

Many public health professionals have expressed concern that regular participation in recreational settings with high noise levels might induce hearing loss. This study measures the a baseball stadium and analyzes fans' attitude of effect exposure on their hearing.In stadium, from beginning to end four games were measured seating sections, red, blue, navy, outfield sections using sound level meter. For survey sample, 344 randomly selected participants who visited and/or fans completed...

소음성난청은 고려 시 되어야 하는 공중보건 문제로 알려져 있지만, 큰 소음의 노출로 인해 난청이 발생됨을 많은 사람들은 잘 인식하지 못하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 일반인들이 얼마나 중요하고 심각하게 소음성난청에 대하여 인식하고 있는지 22개의 설문 문항을 바탕으로 조사하고 그 결과를 분석하였다. 20대부터 60대의 성인 남녀 150명을 대상으로 청력손실과 이명을 포함하여 일반적인 건강 문제들에 대한 사회 및 개인적 중요도, 소음노출과 청력손실에 인지 정도, 청력 보존 방법에 인식을 문답하였다. 연구 결과, 다른 문제들과 비교하여 응답자 중 약 17.33 %만이 청력손실을 '매우 문제'로 인식하였다. 놀랍게도 다수의 응답자인 82 %는 관한 정보를 듣거나 보지 못하였다고 답변하였다. 전체 85 %의 응답자들은 소음이 있는 환경에서 문제 경험한 적이 있다고 답하였지만, 11.33 이어플러그를 착용해 본적이 응답하였다. 그러나 추후 의료진이 권장하거나(80 %), 소음으로 인한...

Conductance variations of resistive random-access memory (RRAM) are significant challenges that hinder the accurate inference neural network (NN) hardware. In this study, we exploit read noise RRAM as an active computational enabler for implementing probabilistic NN. As electrical characteristics directly related to properties conductive filament (CF), statistically explore current TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub>...

Objectives: The objective of the study was to quantify inter-subject variability in dependence medial-olivocochlear reflex (MOCR) on noise bandwidth. Of specific interest whether MOCR bandwidth explained response elicited by wideband noise. Design: Thirty-two young adults with normal hearing participated study. Click-evoked otoacoustic emissions were measured ipsilateral ear and without presented contralateral ear. Presentation served activate MOCR. activated using five different stimuli...

In this paper, we present the imaging formation process of piecewise mirror eyes deep-sea spookfish, which has a strange combination refractive and reflective eyes. The biological eye structure is formulated to curved surface's flat array. Zemax utilized evaluate optical features such as modulation transfer function, distortion, performances. However, natural images are highly distorted, resolution lower than expected. Therefore, increase number mirrors fisheye see higher quality images, can...