NAC (NAM, ATAF, and CUC) transcription factors are important regulator in abiotic stress plant development. However, knowledge concerning the functions of TFs functioning tolerance underlying molecular basis still limited. In this study, we report functional characterization TF, PbeNAC1, isolated from Pyrus betulifolia. PbeNAC1 were greatly induced by cold drought, while salt had little effect on expression. was localized nuclei showed transactivation activity. Overexpression conferred...

C-repeat (CRT)/dehydration responsive element (DRE)-binding factor CBFs, a small family of genes encoding transcriptional activators, play important roles in plant cold tolerance. In this study, comprehensive genome-wide analysis was carried out to identify and characterize the functional dynamics CsCBFs tea (Camellia sinensis). A total 6 CBF were obtained from genome named CBF1-6. All had an AP2/ERF DNA-binding domain nuclear localization signal (NLS) sequence. CsCBF-eGFP fusion DAPI...

Daqu is a microbial-rich baijiu fermentation starter. The high-temperature plays an essential role in the manufacturing of sauce-flavored baijiu. However, few studies have focused on three kinds (white, yellow, and black Daqu) northern China. In this study, physicochemical indexes, volatile flavor compounds, microbial characteristics different colors China were comparatively analyzed to reveal their potential functions. White (WQ) exhibited highest liquefying power starch, (BQ) showed...

Mitochondria are crucial for energy production in plant tissues, but their quantity and activity vary different tissues developmental processes. Determining the factors underlying differential molecular evolutionary rates has long been a central question biology, with expression level emerging as prime predictor. Although we have previously observed an anti-correlation between (E) rate (R) chloroplast genes, it remains unclear whether such exists mitochondrial genes. Ophioglossum vulgatum is...

A highly efficient hydroxylation of (hetero)aryl halides using water as a hydroxyl source via Ni catalysis promoted by PhSiH3 under thermal is reported. This methodology provides general procedure to obtain diverse multifunctional pharmaceutically phenols and polyphenols, some which are proven challenging be synthesized literature methods. Mechanism studies demonstrated that the addition led generation active Ni(I) species, catalyze Ni(I)-Ni(III) pathway.

Tea is one of the most popular non-alcoholic beverages in world for its flavors and numerous health benefits. The tea tree (Camellia sinensis L.) a well-known aluminum (Al) hyperaccumulator. However, it not fully understood how plants have adapted to tolerate high concentrations Al, which causes an imbalance mineral nutrition roots.

Abstract Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are found in nonrandom distributions genomes and thought to impact gene expression. The distribution patterns of 48 295 SSRs Paphiopedilum malipoense mined characterized based on the first full‐length transcriptome comprehensive dataset from 12 organs. Statistical genomics analyses used investigate how transcripts affect results demonstrate correlations between SSR distributions, characteristics, expression level. Nine expression‐modulating motifs...

Characterization of the key factors determining gene expression level has been significant interest. Previous studies on relationship among evolutionary rates, codon usage bias, and mostly focused either nuclear genes or unicellular/multicellular organisms but few in chloroplast (cp) genes. Ophioglossum vulgatum is a unique fern important scientific medicinal values. In this study, we sequenced its cp genome transcriptome to estimate rates (dN dS), selective pressure (dN/dS), level, their...

Loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L.) is one of the most important species for oleoresin (a mixture terpenoids) in South China. The high content loblolly associated with resistance to bark beetles and other economic benefits. In this study, we conducted transcriptome analyses secondary xylem gain insight into genes involved terpenoid biosynthesis. A total 372 unigenes were identified as being critical production, including ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, cytochrome P450 (CYP) protein...

Many plant mitochondrial (mt) genomes have been sequenced but few in ferns. Ophioglossum vulgatum represents a typical species of fern genus with medicinal and scientific value. However, its mt genome structure remains to be characterized. This study assembled annotated the complete O. presented structural characters repeat sequences firstly. Its chloroplast (cp) transfer were explored, phylogenetic significance both cp was also evaluated at family level. Our results showed that is single...

Pieridae is a butterfly family whose evolutionary history poorly understood. Due to the difficulties in identifying morphological synapomorphies within group and scarcity of fossil records, only few studies on higher phylogeny have been reported date. In this study, we describe complete mitochondrial genomes four pierid species (Aporia martineti, Aporia hippia, bieti, Mesapia peloria), order better characterize mitogenomes perform phylogenetic analyses using all available mitogenomic...

The Annonaceae stands as the most species rich family in Magnoliales, a basal group of angiosperms. Widely distributed tropical and subtropical regions, it holds significant ecological economic value. plastid genome (plastome) is often employed studies related to plant phylogenetics, comparative genomics, evolutionary biology, genetic engineering. Nonetheless, research progress on genomics has been relatively slow. In this study, we analyzed structure repetitive sequence features plastomes...

Plastid genomes (plastomes) have a quadripartite structure, but some species drastically reduced or lost inverted repeat (IR) regions. IR regions are important for genome stability and the evolution rate. In evolutionary process of gymnosperms, typical IRs conifers were lost, possibly affecting rate selection pressure genomic protein-coding genes. this study, we selected 78 gymnosperm (51 genera, 13 families) analysis. The analysis results showed that negative effects detected in all 50...

Ophioglossum vulgatum is a rare and ancient fern. In this study, the chloroplast (cp) genome of O. was completely sequenced. The size 138,562 bp, which contains large single-copy (LSC) region with 99,351 small (SSC) 19,661 two inverted repeats (IR) regions 9,775 bp each. Additionally, overall GC content 42.14%. It encodes total 129 genes, including 84 protein-coding 37 tRNA 8 rRNA genes. Bayesian phylogenetic tree shows that californicum formed monophyletic branch. This study can provide...

Abstract Background: Terpenoids are one of the most important compounds in plants, play an significant biological defense and developmental roles numerous plant species, widely used for industrial chemicals. Many previous studies have completed identification terpenoid biosynthetic pathway related genes. However, few focused on molecular evolution analysis genes plants. In this study, we researched evolutionary rate variation pattern 16 12 species with a broad taxonomic span. Results: We...

The complete circular mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Bryodema miramae is 15,919 bp in length, containing 37 typical genes and 1 non-coding AT-rich region. AT content the region 84.7%. All protein-coding (PCGs) start with standard ATN initiation codon end termination codons TAG or TAA except for cox1 gene using an incomplete stop T. tRNA are predicted a characteristic cloverleaf secondary structure trnSAGN, whose dihydrouridine (DHU) arm replaced by simple loop. lengths large small...