We describe here designs of compartmentalized hydrogel microparticles with a tunable extracellular matrix (ECM) support for cell encapsulation and scalable 3D culture. The microparticles, rapidly formed by one-step, multi-fluidic electrostatic spraying technique (>10 000 min-1), have uniform spherical shape, nearly monodisperse size distribution controlled compartmentalization. They not only high surface area mass transfer but also offer defined space essential ECM various efficient culture,...

Chemokine-mediated directed tumor cell migration within a three dimensional (3D) matrix, or chemoinvasion, is an important early step in cancer metastasis. Despite its clinical importance, it largely unknown how cytokine and growth factor gradients the microenvironment regulate chemoinvasion. We studied chemoinvasion well-defined stable chemical using robust 3D microfluidic model. used CXCL12 (also known as SDF-1α) epidermal (EGF), two well-known extracellular signaling molecules that...

Malignant tumors are often associated with an elevated fluid pressure due to the abnormal growth of vascular vessels, and thus increased interstitial flow out tumors. Recent in vitro works revealed that flows critically regulated tumor cell migration within a three dimensional biomatrix, breast cancer behavior depended sensitively on seeding density, chemokine availability rates. In this paper, we focus role modulating heterogeneity motility phenotype biomatrix. Using newly developed...

In recent years, there have been increasing numbers of infectious disease outbreaks that spread rapidly to population centers resulting from global travel, vulnerabilities, environmental factors, and ecological disasters such as floods earthquakes. Some examples the are Ebola epidemic in West Africa, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-Co) East, Zika outbreak through Americas. We created a generic protocol for detection pathogen RNA and/or DNA using loop-mediated isothermal...

The production of secondary metabolites through plant cell suspension cultures is challenging because the level and pattern often unstable unpredictable. To investigate factors affecting instability metabolite production, high Taxol (paclitaxel)-producing Taxus induced by methyl jasmonate elicitation their low Taxol-producing counterparts were compared with respect to growth kinetics. With subcultures we observe alternating states productivity. Parental from five different lines used test...

ABSTRACT Although chemically defined media have been developed and widely used to study the expression of virulence factors in model plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae , it has difficult link specific medium components induction response. Using a chemostat system, we found that iron is limiting nutrient for growth standard hrp -inducing minimal plays an important role inducing several virulence-related genes pv. tomato DC3000. With various concentrations oxalate, was follow Monod-type...

Chemotaxis refers to a process whereby cells move up or down chemical gradient. Sperm chemotaxis is known be strategy exploited by marine invertebrates such as sea urchins reach eggs efficiently in moving water. Less understood about how whether used mammalian sperm eggs, where fertilization takes place within the confinement of reproductive tract. In this report, we quantitatively assessed urchin and mouse using recently developed microfluidic model high-speed imaging. Results demonstrated...

This work introduces a contact line pinning based microfluidic platform for the generation of interstitial and intramural flows within three dimensional (3D) microenvironment cellular behaviour studies. A method was used to confine natively derived biomatrix, collagen, in channels without walls. By patterning collagen designated wall-less channels, we demonstrated validated through channel bounded by monolayer endothelial cells (mimic vascular vessel), as well slow cell laden matrix using...

Taxus cuspidata P991 in plant cell suspension culture is capable of producing the important anticancer agent Taxol (paclitaxel) and related taxanes. High-level production obtained by elicitation with methyl jasmonate, but successful leads to loss viability that cannot be recovered subculture. Here, we test whether due a direct effect jasmonate. Upon subculture, reduced continued jasmonate elicited cultures, not nonelicited control cultures. The growth reduction T. cultures was evaluated...

Shewanella oneidensis (S. oneidensis) is a model bacterial strain for studies of bioelectrochemical systems (BESs). It has two extracellular electron transfer pathways: 1) shuttling electrons via an excreted mediator riboflavin; and 2) direct contact between the c-type cytochromes at cell membrane electrode. Despite extensive use S. in such as microbial fuel cells biosensors, many basic microbiology questions about context BES remain unanswered. Here, we present motility chemotaxis under...

Many cell types require the biophysical and biochemical cues within 3D extracellular matrix (ECM) to exhibit their true physiologically relevant behavior. As a result, culture platforms have been evolving from traditional 2D petridish plates into biomatrices, there is need for developing analytic tools characterize culture. The existing counting method, using hemocytometer or coulter counter, requires that cells are suspended in fluids prior counting. This poses challenge as embedded...

Abstract Phytosulfokine‐α (PSK‐α) is a small plant peptide (5 amino acids) that displays characteristics typically associated with animal hormones. PSK‐α was originally isolated based on its mitogenic activity cultures; it has been reported to increase production of tropane alkaloids from Atropa belladonna , although general influence secondary metabolite unknown. The studies in this article were initiated evaluate the effects supplementation Taxol™ (paclitaxel) cell cultures Taxus sp....

The integration of a hydrogel-based chemical gradient generator and an array format microhabitats allows for fast screening optimal conditions microalgal growth.

Miniaturized bioreactors for suspension cultures of animal cells, such as Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) could improve bioprocess development through the ability to cheaply explore a wide range operating conditions. A miniaturized pressure-cycled bioreactor cell cultures, described previously (Diao et al., 2008), was tested with CHO line producing commercially relevant quantities human IgG. Results from suspended showed that growth comparable conventional flask controls and target protein...

The growth of a model plant pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, was investigated using chemostat culture system to examine environmentally regulated responses. Using minimal medium with iron as the limiting nutrient, four different types responses were obtained in customized continuous system: (1) stable steady state, (2) damped oscillation, (3) normal washout due high dilution rates exceeding maximum rate, and (4) at low negative rates. type response determined by combination...

Nanobiotechnology has played important roles in solving contemporary health problems, including cancer and diabetes, but not yet been widely exploited for problems food security environmental protection. Water scarcity is an emerging worldwide problem as a result of climate change population increase. Current methods managing water resources are efficient or sustainable. In this perspective, we focus on harmful algal blooms to demonstrate how nanobiotechnology can be explored understand...

Abstract Tumor cell heterogeneity, either at the genotypic or phenotypic level, is a hallmark of cancer. cells exhibit large variations, even among derived from same origin, including morphology, speed and motility type. However, current work for quantifying tumor behavior largely population based does not address question heterogeneity. In this article, we utilize Lévy distribution analysis, method known in both social physical sciences rare events, to characterize heterogeneity motility....

Cyclosporiasis, caused by the coccidian parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis, has emerged as an increasing global public health concern, with incidence of laboratory-confirmed domestically acquired cases in US exceeding 10,000 since 2018. A recently published qPCR assay (Mit1C) based on a mitochondrial target gene showed high specificity and good sensitivity for detection C. cayetanensis fresh produce. The present study shows integration verification same into fully automated streamlined...