Fourteen new species in the Latin American Clade (LAC) of Ceratocystis fimbriata complex recently were distinguished from C. sensu stricto largely based on variation ITS rDNA sequences. Among 116 isolates representing LAC, there 41 haplotypes. Maximum parsimony (MP) analysis sequences produced poorly resolved trees. In contrast, analyses mating-type genes (MAT1-1-2 and MAT1-2-1) a single MP tree with branches high bootstrap posterior probability support. Four showed intragenomic Cloning...

Marker-assisted selection and gene pyramiding are very important breeding strategies for conferring broad spectrum durable resistance against diseases causing yield loss in rice. One such disease major set backs rice production is bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Molecular markers essential both marker-assisted of genes, hence, many molecular marker techniques have already been developed. Presently, most commonly used ones DNA-based also known...

Pantoea species (Pantoea spp.) is a diverse group of Gram-negative bacteria in the Enterobacteriaceae family that leads to devastating diseases rice plants, thus affecting significant economic losses production worldwide.Most critical such as grain discoloration, bacterial leaf blight, stem necrosis and inhibition seed germination have been reported be caused by this pathogen.To date, 20 spp.have identified recognized having similar phenotypic characteristics.Detection via molecular-based...

Fourteen new species in the Latin American Clade (LAC) of Ceratocystis fimbriata complex recently were distinguished from C. sensu stricto largely based on variation ITS rDNA sequences. Among 116 isolates representing LAC, there 41 haplotypes. Maximum parsimony (MP) analysis sequences produced poorly resolved trees. In contrast, analyses mating-type genes (MAT1-1-2 and MAT1-2-1) a single MP tree with branches high bootstrap posterior probability support. Four showed intragenomic Cloning...

Gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea is a damaging postharvest in tomato plants, and it known to be limiting factor production. This study aimed evaluate antifungal activities of Vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts against B. screen the phytochemical compound crude extract that had highest activity. In this study, hexane, dichloromethane, methanol, water with concentration levels at 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 mg/mL were shown significantly affect inhibition cinerea. Among extracts,...

Diabetic nephropathy is a progressive chronic renal disease, that leads to failure mediated by oxidative stress. Roselle or Hibiscus sabdariffa well-known for its health benefits and rich in polyphenols with high antioxidant activities. Limited studies evaluate the effects of polyphenol-rich extract roselle (HPE) on development diabetic nephropathy. Hence, this study aimed determine effect HPE rats focusing stress, function, structural changes. Type 1 diabetes mellitus was induced adult male...

The present work investigated the efficacy of native biocontrol candidates (antagonists) against aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and fumonisins produced by mycotoxigenic fungi isolated from Malaysia at different pathogen: antagonist inoculum ratios on grain corn agar kernels. Five (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100) were employed. Non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Af1KD Af5TD, Penicillium janthinellum used aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) B2 (AFB2) A. flavus. Against A (OTA) niger, fumonisin (FB1) (FB2)...

Abstract Drawbacks associated with the use of chemical fungicides to control plant pathogenic fungi such as Botrytis cinerea stimulate need for alternatives. Therefore, present study was carried out determine antifungal potentials Moringa oleifera extracts against B. cinerea. Phytochemical analysis using qualitative tests revealed presence huge amount crucial phytochemicals compounds like phenolic compounds, alkaloids and saponins in M. leaf extract. Antifungal bioassay crude indicated...

Bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv (Xoo) and blast Magnaporthe are major diseases responsible for significant yield loss in rice production across all growing regions. Host plant resistance has been advocated as a sustainable means of guarding against the diseases. This experiment was conducted with aim to introgress multiple genes bacterial through marker-assisted backcross breeding. Two dominant (Xa4 Xa21) two recessive (xa5 xa13) Xoo were introgressed into high yielding...

Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are natural enemies which affect insect population and have long been recognized as biological control agents against many pests. Some isolates also established endophytes, benefiting their host plants without causing any symptoms or negative effects. Here we demonstrated two entomopathogenic fungal species, Isariajavanica (Frieder. & Bally) Samson Hywel-jone 2005 Purpureocillium lilacinum (Thom) Luangsa-ard, Hou-braken, Hywel-Jones (2011) endophytes in...

Members of the sooty blotch and flyspeck (SBFS) complex are epiphytic fungi in Ascomycota that cause economically damaging blemishes apples worldwide. SBFS polyphyletic, but approx. 96% species Capnodiales. Evolutionary origins remain unclear, so we attempted to infer their by means ancestral state reconstruction on a phylogenetic tree built utilizing genes for nuc 28S rDNA (approx. 830 bp from near 59 end) second largest subunit RNA polymerase II (RPB2). The analyzed taxa included...

The most vital aspect of marker-assisted backcross breeding is the recurrent parent genome recovery. This enables selection only parents with recovered recipient/recurrent in addition to targeted genes. recovery (RPGR) ensures that non-desirable genomic segments are removed while gene interest sustained recombined progenies without further segregations. work was aimed at quantifying RPGR populations introgression bacterial leaf blight resistance Putra-1, a Malaysian elite variety, high...

Assessment of the different desirable characters among chili genotypes has expanded effective selection for crop improvement. Identification genetically superior parents is important in assortment best to develop new hybrids.This study was done assess hereditary assorted variety selected Capsicum annuum based on their morphophysiological and yield traits two planting seasons. The biochemical properties, capsaicinoid content (capsaicin dihydrocapsaicin), total phenolics antioxidant action...

Gaharu (agarwood, Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.) is a valuable tropical rainforest product traded internationally for its distinctive fragrance. It not only popular as incense and in perfumery, but also favored traditional medicine due to sedative, carminative, cardioprotective analgesic effects. The current study addresses the chemical differences similarities between gaharu samples of different grades, obtained commercially, using ¹H-NMR-based metabolomics. Two classification models: partial...